Wage Differences By Language Group And The Market For Language Skills In Canada
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Wage Differences By Language Group And The Market For Language Skills In Canada
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Author : Geoffrey Carliner
language : en
Publisher: London : Department of Economics, University of Western Ontario
Release Date : 1979
Wage Differences By Language Group And The Market For Language Skills In Canada written by Geoffrey Carliner and has been published by London : Department of Economics, University of Western Ontario this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with Bilingualism categories.
The Impact Of Immigrant Language Skills On Canadian Wages
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Author : Seda Gunduz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
The Impact Of Immigrant Language Skills On Canadian Wages written by Seda Gunduz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
This thesis consists of three chapters investigating the impact of immigrant language skills on Canadian wages. The first chapter, "Linguistic diversity among Canadian immigrants: 1981-2006", describes the changes in linguistic diversity among Canadian immigrants, as measured by a preferred linguistic distance measure, the Levenshtein Distance (LD) Index, and documents socio-demographic characteristics of recent immigrants as well as their labour market performance based on their language capital at the time of entry. The LD is an approximation of immigrants' language skills in the Canadian official languages and represents the "distance" of an immigrant's reported language to the Canadian official languages. Using the 20% micro-data files of the Canadian Censuses between 1981 and 2006, I assign each immigrant an index number based on two language measures: mother tongue and home language. French and English are defined as the Canadian official languages in Quebec and outside of Quebec, respectively. The main findings suggest that although immigrants' mother tongues became more "distant" to the Canadian official languages in both regions over time, the language skill of an average immigrant based on home language remained almost the same in Quebec, in particular, between 1981 and 1996. In terms of immigrants' socio-demographic characteristics and their labour market performance, general patterns were similar across the two regions, although there were significant differences by language groups. In particular, the change in immigrants' wages by language groups is suggestive of the role of language skills in determining wages. The second chapter, "Immigrant versus native men? Substitutability and the role of linguistic diversity in Canada", estimates the degree of substitutability between immigrant and native men by incorporating immigrants' language skills into the analysis and calculates the potential wage effects of immigration on Canadian wages. Using the 20% micro-data files of the Canadian Censuses between 1981 and 2006 and imposing a nested-CES production function on the Canadian economy, I estimate immigrant-native substitutability based on immigrants' language skills in addition to education levels and years of labour market experience. I use the LD Index to represent immigrants' language skills by the distance of the mother tongue and home language of an immigrant to English outside of Quebec and to French in Quebec. I define three language groups for immigrants as the high language-skilled, the medium language-skilled, and the low language-skilled. The key findings are as follows. First, home language-based estimates suggest imperfect substitutability in Canada outside of Quebec in some cases. Second, by language skill groups, the low language-skilled immigrants are more likely to be imperfect substitutes for the Canadian-born. Third, the findings for Quebec are substantially different from those for Canada outside of Quebec. My simulations suggest that the long-run effect of immigration on immigrants' wages was negative between 1981 and 2006 while the long-run effect of immigration on the wages of the Canadian-born was small but positive over the same period. The third chapter, "Gender, linguistic diversity, and labour market substitutability", uses the same methodology and data sources as in the second chapter to incorporate female workers into the analysis of immigrant-native substitutability. This study estimates the elasticity of substitution between immigrant language groups and natives for female workers and the pooled sample of male and female workers. The findings suggest that the degree of substitutability between female immigrants and female natives is similar to the degree of substitutability between male immigrants and male natives. The main results do not change for the pooled sample. Due to potential differences between language accumulation processes between female and male immigrants, the third chapter also estimates female-male immigrants substitutability based on language skills, education levels, and years of labour market experience. The findings suggest that female and male immigrants are imperfect substitutes outside of Quebec regardless of language measures.
Language Skills And Wage Differences Among Wage Earning Males
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Author : Leslie Lax
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Language Skills And Wage Differences Among Wage Earning Males written by Leslie Lax and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Wages categories.
The Changing Face Of Canada
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Author : Roderic P. Beaujot
language : en
Publisher: Canadian Scholars’ Press
Release Date : 2007
The Changing Face Of Canada written by Roderic P. Beaujot and has been published by Canadian Scholars’ Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Social Science categories.
Canadian society is rapidly changing. This concise, up-to-date volume masterfully captures this change. Edited by two of Canada's leading demographers, Roderic Beaujot and Don Kerr, this book is an exciting entry in Canadian population studies, drawing from a variety of disciplines, including sociology, geography, economics, history, and epidemiology. The Changing Face of Canada is an essential text for demography courses across the country. Each reading has been meticulously edited and concisely ordered into five essential sections: fertility mortality international migration, domestic migration and population distribution population aging population composition Vital issues include: the role of immigration in Canada's future; the deteriorating economic welfare of immigrants; globalization, undocumented migration, and unwanted refugees; Aboriginal population change; implications of unprecedented low fertility; and the astonishing demographic transformation of Canadian cities.
The Economics Of Language
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Author : Barry R. Chiswick
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2007-03-08
The Economics Of Language written by Barry R. Chiswick and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-03-08 with Business & Economics categories.
Written by two internationally renowned experts in the field, this book explores the determinants of dominant language proficiency among immigrants and other linguistic minorities and the consequences of this proficiency for the labour market. Using empirical material from a range of countries, including the USA, Canada, Australia and Bolivia, the authors develop a range of models of the determinants of dominant language proficiency and use econometric techniques to test them and estimate the magnitude of the effects. This volume is an excellent resource for researchers and a fine reader for specialists in labour economics, linguistics as well as a number of other disciplines.
Canadian Journal Of Urban Research
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: IRPP
Release Date :
Canadian Journal Of Urban Research written by and has been published by IRPP this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
The Economics Of Language Policy
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Author : Michele Gazzola
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2016-09-30
The Economics Of Language Policy written by Michele Gazzola and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-30 with Business & Economics categories.
Insights from the application of economic theories and research methods to the management of linguistic diversity in an era of globalization. In an era of globalization, issues of language diversity have economic and political implications. Transnational labor mobility, trade, social inclusion of migrants, democracy in multilingual countries, and companies' international competitiveness all have a linguistic dimension; yet economists in general do not include language as a variable in their research. This volume demonstrates that the application of rigorous economic theories and research methods to issues of language policy yields valuable insights. The contributors offer both theoretical and empirical analyses of such topics as the impact of language diversity on economic outcomes, the distributive effects of policy regarding official languages, the individual welfare consequences of bilingualism, and the link between language and national identity. Their research is based on data from countries including Canada, India, Kazakhstan, and Indonesia and from the regions of Central America, Europe, and Sub-Saharan Africa. Theoretical models are explained intuitively for the nonspecialist. The relationships among linguistic variables, inequality, and the economy are approached from different perspectives, including economics, sociolinguistics, and political science. For this reason, the book offers a substantive contribution to interdisciplinary work on languages in society and language policy, proposing a common framework for a shared research area. Contributors Alisher Aldashev, Katalin Buzási, Ramon Caminal, Alexander M. Danzer, Maxime Leblanc Desgagné, Peter H. Egger, Ainhoa Aparicio Fenoll, Michele Gazzola, Victor Ginsburgh, Gilles Grenier, François Grin, Zoe Kuehn, Andrea Lassmann, Stephen May, Serge Nadeau, Suzanne Romaine, Selma K. Sonntag, Stefan Sperlich, José-Ramón Uriarte, François Vaillancourt, Shlomo Weber, Bengt-Arne Wickström, Lauren Zentz
Economic Approaches To Language And To Bilingualism
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Author : Canada. Canadian Heritage
language : en
Publisher: Canadian Museum of Civilization/Musee Canadien Des Civilisations
Release Date : 1998
Economic Approaches To Language And To Bilingualism written by Canada. Canadian Heritage and has been published by Canadian Museum of Civilization/Musee Canadien Des Civilisations this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Business & Economics categories.
Papers in this volume present research on the links between official languages and the economy. The first paper treats the learning of languages as an accumulation of human capital governed by the net yield on that asset. The second examines the impact of the innovations in information and communications technology on the economics of language use and the interaction of language and communications technology with the global economy. The next two papers offer measures of the yield to languages in Canada in different contexts and for different populations: earnings and employment probabilities in relation to three types of language knowledge, and estimates of the effects of bilingualism on annual earnings. The final papers examine how knowledge of languages can be a source of employment and a source of economic growth.
The Education Of Language Minority Immigrants In The United States
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Author : Terrence Wiley
language : en
Publisher: Multilingual Matters
Release Date : 2009-10-28
The Education Of Language Minority Immigrants In The United States written by Terrence Wiley and has been published by Multilingual Matters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-10-28 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The Education of Language Minority Immigrants in the United States draws from quantitative and qualitative research methodologies to inform educational policy and practice. It is based on cutting-edge research and policy analyses from a number of well-known experts on immigrant language minority education in the USA. The collection includes contributions on the acquisition of English, language shift, the maintenance of heritage languages, prospects for long-term educational achievement, how family background, economic status, and gender and identity influence academic adjustment and achievement, challenges for appropriate language testing and placement, and examples of advocacy action research. It concludes with a thoughtful commentary aimed at broadening our understanding of the need to provide quality immigrant language minority education within the context of globalization. This collection will be of value to students and researchers interested in promoting educational equity and achievement for immigrant language minority students.
The Earnings Of Linguistic Minorities
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Author : David Elliot Bloom
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
The Earnings Of Linguistic Minorities written by David Elliot Bloom and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Linguistic minorities categories.