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Wages And Earnings Of The Working Classes

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Author : Leone Levi
language : en
Publisher: London : J. Murray
Release Date : 1885

Wages And Earnings Of The Working Classes written by Leone Levi and has been published by London : J. Murray this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1885 with Labor categories.

Wages And Earnings Of The Working Classes

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Author : Leone Levi
language : en
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Release Date : 2016-08-20

Wages And Earnings Of The Working Classes written by Leone Levi and has been published by Forgotten Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-20 with Business & Economics categories.

Excerpt from Wages and Earnings of the Working Classes: Report to Sir Arthur Bass, M. P In the 14th Report of the Bureau of Statistics of Labour, Boston, particulars are given relating to 4440 Industrial Establishments of the proportion of wages of labour to the value of products. On a total value of361,000,000 dols. The amount of wages was dols., or 2669 per cent. In Cotton Goods the proportion was 2324 per cent. In Woollen Goods 1650 per cent. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Wages And Earnings Of The Working Classes

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Author : Leone Levi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1867

Wages And Earnings Of The Working Classes written by Leone Levi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1867 with categories.

Wages And Earnings Of The Working Classes

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Author : Leone Levi
language : en
Publisher: Sagwan Press
Release Date : 2015-08-20

Wages And Earnings Of The Working Classes written by Leone Levi and has been published by Sagwan Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-08-20 with categories.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Wages And Earnings Of The Working Classes

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Author : Leone Levi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013-11

This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.

Wages And Earnings Of The Working Classes

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Author : Leone Levi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1867

Low Wage Work In The Wealthy World

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Author : Jerome Gautie
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 2010-03-01

Low Wage Work In The Wealthy World written by Jerome Gautie and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03-01 with Business & Economics categories.

As global flows of goods, capital, information, and people accelerate competitive pressure on businesses throughout the industrialized world, firms have responded by reorganizing work in a variety of efforts to improve efficiency and cut costs. In the United States, where minimum wages are low, unions are weak, and immigrants are numerous, this has often lead to declining wages, increased job insecurity, and deteriorating working conditions for workers with little bargaining power in the lower tiers of the labor market. Low-Wage Work in the Wealthy World builds on an earlier Russell Sage Foundation study (Low-Wage America) to compare the plight of low-wage workers in the United States to five European countries—Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom—where wage supports, worker protections, and social benefits have generally been stronger. By examining low-wage jobs in systematic case studies across five industries, this groundbreaking international study goes well beyond standard statistics to reveal national differences in the quality of low-wage work and the well being of low-wage workers. The United States has a high percentage of low-wage workers—nearly three times more than Denmark and twice more than France. Since the early 1990s, however, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Germany have all seen substantial increases in low-wage jobs. While these jobs often entail much the same drudgery in Europe and the United States, quality of life for low-wage workers varies substantially across countries. The authors focus their analysis on the "inclusiveness" of each country's industrial relations system, including national collective bargaining agreements and minimum-wage laws, and the generosity of social benefits such as health insurance, pensions, family leave, and paid vacation time—which together sustain a significantly higher quality of life for low-wage workers in some countries. Investigating conditions in retail sales, hospitals, food processing, hotels, and call centers, the book's industry case studies shed new light on how national institutions influence the way employers organize work and shape the quality of low-wage jobs. A telling example: in the United States and several European nations, wages and working conditions of front-line workers in meat processing plants are deteriorating as large retailers put severe pressure on prices, and firms respond by employing low-wage immigrant labor. But in Denmark, where unions are strong, and, to a lesser extent, in France, where the statutory minimum wage is high, the low-wage path is blocked, and firms have opted instead to invest more heavily in automation to raise productivity, improve product quality, and sustain higher wages. However, as Low-Wage Work in the Wealthy World also shows, the European nations' higher level of inclusiveness is increasingly at risk. "Exit options," both formal and informal, have emerged to give employers ways around national wage supports and collectively bargained agreements. For some jobs, such as room cleaners in hotels, stronger labor relations systems in Europe have not had much impact on the quality of work. Low-Wage Work in the Wealthy World offers an analysis of low-wage work in Europe and the United States based on concrete, detailed, and systematic contrasts. Its revealing case studies not only provide a human context but also vividly remind us that the quality and incidence of low-wage work is more a matter of national choice than economic necessity and that government policies and business practices have inevitable consequences for the quality of workers' lives. A Volume in the Russell Sage Foundation Case Studies of Job Quality in Advanced Economies

Low Wage Work In The Netherlands

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Author : Weimer Salverda
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 2008-04-03

Low Wage Work In The Netherlands written by Weimer Salverda and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-03 with Business & Economics categories.

The Dutch economy has often been heralded for accomplishing solid employment growth within a generous welfare system. In recent years, the Netherlands has seen a rise in low-wage work and has maintained one of the lowest unemployment rates in the European Union. Low-Wage Work in the Netherlands narrows in on the causes and consequences of this new development. The authors find that the increase in low-wage work can be partly attributed to a steep rise in the number of part-time jobs and non-standard work contracts—46 percent of Dutch workers hold part-time jobs. The decline in full-time work has challenged historically powerful Dutch unions and has led to a slow but steady dismantling of many social insurance programs from 1979 onward. At the same time, there are hopeful lessons to be gleaned from the Dutch model: low-wage workers benefit from a well-developed system of income transfers, and many move on to higher paying jobs. Low-Wage Work in the Netherlands paints a nuanced picture of the Dutch economy by analyzing institutions that both support and challenge its low-wage workforce. A Volume in the Russell Sage Foundation Case Studies of Job Quality in Advanced Economies

Low Wage Work In Germany

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Author : Gerhard Bosch
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 2008-04-03

Low Wage Work In Germany written by Gerhard Bosch and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-03 with Business & Economics categories.

In recent years, the German government has intentionally expanded the low-wage work sector in an effort to reduce exceptionally high levels of unemployment. As a result, the share of the German workforce employed in low-paying jobs now rivals that of the United States. Low Wage Work in Germany examines both the federal policies and changing economic conditions that have driven this increase in low-wage work. The new "mini-job" reflects the federal government's attempt to make certain low-paying jobs attractive to both employers and employees. Employers pay a low flat rate for benefits, and employees, who work a limited number of hours per week, are exempt from social security and tax contributions. Other factors, including slow economic growth, a declining collective bargaining system, and the influx of foreign workers, also contribute to the growing incidence of low-wage work. Yet while both Germany and the United States have large shares of low-wage workers, German workers receive health insurance, four weeks of paid vacation, and generous old age support—benefits most low-wage workers in the United States can only dream of. The German experience offers an important opportunity to explore difficult trade-offs between unemployment and low-wage work. A Volume in the Russell Sage Foundation Case Studies of Job Quality in Advanced Economies

Low Wage Work In France

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Author : Eve Caroli
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 2008-04-03

Low Wage Work In France written by Eve Caroli and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-03 with Business & Economics categories.

In France, low wages have historically inspired tremendous political controversy. The social and political issues at stake center on integrating the working class into society and maintaining the stability of the republican regime. A variety of federal policies—including high minimum wages and strong employee protection—serve to ensure that the low-wage workforce stays relatively small. Low-Wage Work in France examines both the benefits and drawbacks of this politically inspired system of worker protection. France's high minimum wage, which is indexed not only to inflation but also to the average increase in employee wages, plays a critical role in limiting the development of low-paid work. Social welfare benefits and a mandatory thirty-five hour work week also make life easier for low-wage workers. Strong employee protection is a central characteristic of the French model, but high levels of protection for employees may also be one of the causes of France's chronically high rate of unemployment. The threat of long-term unemployment may, in turn, contribute to a persistent sense of insecurity among French workers. Low-Wage Work in France provides a lucid analysis of how a highly regulated labor market shapes the experiences of workers—for better and for worse. A Volume in the Russell Sage Foundation Case Studies of Job Quality in Advanced Economies

Wages Earnings Of The Workin

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