War Revolution And Nation Making In Lithuania 1914 1923
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War Revolution And Nation Making In Lithuania 1914 1923
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Author : Tomas Balkelis
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
War Revolution And Nation Making In Lithuania 1914 1923 written by Tomas Balkelis and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Lithuania categories.
This book explores how the Lithuanian state was created and shaped by the Great War from its onset in 1914 to the last waves of violence in 1923. Tomas Balkelis investigates the effects of the war on the evolution of Lithuanian society by telling the stories of war veterans, volunteers, POWs, paramilitary fighters, and refugees.
War Revolution And Nation Making In Lithuania 1914 1923
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Author : Tomas Balkelis
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018
War Revolution And Nation Making In Lithuania 1914 1923 written by Tomas Balkelis and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with History categories.
In this book, Tomas Balkelis explores how the Lithuanian state was created and shaped by the Great War from its onset in 1914 to the last waves of violence in 1923. As the very notion of independent Lithuania was constructed during the war, violence is seen as an essential part of the formation of Lithuanian state, nation, and identity. War was much more than simply the historical context in which the tectonic shift from empire to nation-state took place. It transformed people, policies, institutions, and modes of thought in ways that would continue to shape the nation for decades after the conflict subsided. In telling the story of the post-WWI conflict in Lithuania, War, Revolution, and Nation-Making in Lithuania, 1914-1923 focuses on the soldiers and civilians involved in the conflict, rather than the strategies and acts of politicians, generals, or diplomats. The volume's two main themes are the impact of military, social, and cultural mobilizations on the local population, and different types of violence that were so characteristic of the region throughout the period. The actors in this story are people displaced by war and mobilized for war: refugees, veterans, volunteers, peasant conscripts, POWs, paramilitary fighters, and others who took to guns, not diplomacy, to assert their power. This is the story of how their lives were changed by war and how they shaped the society that emerged after war.
The Shaken Lands
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Author : Tomas Balkelis
language : en
Publisher: Academic Studies PRess
Release Date : 2023-04-25
The Shaken Lands written by Tomas Balkelis and has been published by Academic Studies PRess this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-25 with History categories.
The volume focuses on violence during the breakdown of East Central European states brought by one of the most violent periods in modern European history: from the start of the Great War in 1914 until 1923 when Europe, finally, achieved peace after a series of civil conflicts and interstate wars. The contributors offer several case studies that cover the vast region stretching from the Baltic states to Hungary. They explore different types of violence against its civilian populations with a particular focus on communal violence committed by civilians onto their neighbors. They suggest that disintegration of state power brought by the Great War was a key condition that produced violence. Yet the process of post-WWI state building was equally or more violent as nascent East Central European states institutionalized the use of violence to achieve their political agendas.
The Making Of Modern Lithuania
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Author : Tomas Balkelis
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2009-06-02
The Making Of Modern Lithuania written by Tomas Balkelis and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-02 with Political Science categories.
This book argues that – contrary to contemporary Lithuanian nationalist rhetoric – Lithuanian nationalism was modern and socially constructed in the period from the emergence of the Lithuanian national movement in the late nineteenth century to the birth of an independent state in 1918. The book brings into sharp focus those aspects of the history of Lithuania that earlier commentators had not systematically explored: it shows how, in this period, the nascent political elite fashioned its own and the emerging nation’s identity. Moreover, factors such as the elite’s social isolation, educational experience, marital strategies and narrowly based, fragmented and uncoordinated political activities were crucial factors in shaping identity and nation-building. It demonstrates how the elite was often in conflict with the peasantry, the religious establishment and other ethnic groups, and how critical considerations such as class, religion, displacement and ethnicity – rather than national ideology – were. The book’s conclusion that Lithuanian nationalism is a construct emerging from modern social forces is highly significant for understanding nationalism and contemporary political developments in Eastern Europe more generally.
Fall Of The Sultanate
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Author : Ryan Gingeras
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016
Fall Of The Sultanate written by Ryan Gingeras and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Osmanisches Reich categories.
The collapse of the Ottoman Empire was by no means a singular event. After six hundred years of ruling over the peoples of North Africa, the Balkans and Middle East, the death throes of sultanate encompassed a series of wars, insurrections, and revolutions spanning the early twentieth century.This volume encompasses a full accounting of the political, economic, social, and international forces that brought about the passing of the Ottoman state. In surveying the many tragedies that transpired in the years between 1908 and 1922, Fall of the Sultanate explores the causes that eventuallyled so many to view the legacy of the Ottomans with loathing and resentment.The volume provides a retelling of this critical history as seen through the eyes of those who lived through the Ottoman collapse. Drawing upon a large gamut of sources in multiple languages, Ryan Gingeras strikes a critical balance in presenting and interpreting the most impactful experiences thatshaped the lives of the empire's last generation. The story presented here takes into account the perspectives of the empire's diverse population as well as the leaders who piloted the state to its end. In surveying the personal, communal and national struggles that defined Italy's invasion ofLibya, the Balkan War, the Great War, and the Turkish War of Independence, Fall of the Sultanate presents readers with a fresh and comprehensive exposition of how and why Ottoman imperial rule ended in bloodshed and disillusionment.
War In Peace
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Author : Robert Gerwarth
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013-10-03
War In Peace written by Robert Gerwarth and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-03 with History categories.
The First World War did not end in November 1918. In Russia and Eastern Europe it finished up to a year earlier, and both there and elsewhere in Europe it triggered conflicts that lasted down to 1923. Paramilitary formations were prominent in this continuation of the war. They had some features of formal military organizations, but were used in opposition to the regular military as an instrument of revolution or as an adjunct or substitute for military forces when these were unable by themselves to put down a revolution (whether class or national). Paramilitary violence thus arose in different contexts. It was an important aspect of the violence unleashed by class revolution in Russia. It structured the counter-revolution in central and Eastern Europe, including Finland and Italy, which reacted against a mythic version of Bolshevik class violence in the name of order and authority. It also shaped the struggles over borders and ethnicity in the new states that replaced the multi-national empires of Russia, Austria-Hungary and Ottoman Turkey. It was prominent on all sides in the wars for Irish independence. In many cases, paramilitary violence was charged with political significance and acquired a long-lasting symbolism and influence. War in Peace explores the differences and similarities between these various kinds of paramilitary violence within one volume for the first time. It thereby contributes to our understanding of the difficult transitions from war to peace. It also helps to re-situate the Great War in a longer-term context and to explain its enduring impact.
Civil War In Central Europe 1918 1921
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Author : Jochen Böhler
language : en
Publisher: Greater War
Release Date : 2018
Civil War In Central Europe 1918 1921 written by Jochen Böhler and has been published by Greater War this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with History categories.
Civil War in Central Europe argues that Polish independence after the First World War was forged in the fires of the post-war conflicts which should be collectively referred to as the Central European Civil War (1918-1921). The ensuing violence forced those living in European border regions to decide on their national identity - German or Polish.
Sovereignty At The Paris Peace Conference Of 1919
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Author : Leonard V. Smith
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018
Sovereignty At The Paris Peace Conference Of 1919 written by Leonard V. Smith and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with History categories.
While the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 failed, in that it couldn't prevent WWII, Leonard V. Smith's ground-breaking work shows how it was instrumental in creating a new kind of international cooperation where national sovereignty was used to remake a new world order.
Paramilitarism In The Balkans
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Author : Dmitar Tasić
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2020-07-10
Paramilitarism In The Balkans written by Dmitar Tasić and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-10 with History categories.
Paramilitarism in the Balkans analyses the origins and manifestations of paramilitary violence in three neighbouring Balkan countries - Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, and Albania - after the First World War. It shows the role of paramilitarism in internal and external policies in all three states, focusing on the main actors and perpetrators of paramilitary violence, their social backgrounds, motivations, and future career trajectories. Dmitar Tasić places the region into the broader European context of booming paramilitarism that came as the result of the first global conflict, dissolution of old empires, the creation of nation-states, and simultaneous revolutions. While paramilitarism in most post-Great War European states was the product of violence of the First World War and brutalization which societies of both victorious and defeated countries went through, paramilitarism in the Balkans was closely connected with the already existing traditions originating from the period of armed struggle against Ottoman rule, and state and nation building projects of the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. Paramilitary traditions were so strong that in all subsequent crises and military conflicts in the Balkans the legacy of paramilitarism remained alive and present.
A New Europe 1918 1923
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Author : Bartosz Dziewanowski-Stefańczyk
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2022-03-03
A New Europe 1918 1923 written by Bartosz Dziewanowski-Stefańczyk and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-03-03 with History categories.
This set of essays introduces readers to new historical research on the creation of the new order in East-Central Europe in the period immediately following 1918. The book offers insights into the political, diplomatic, military, economic and cultural conditions out of which the New Europe was born. Experts from various countries take into account three perspectives. They give equal attention to both the Western and Eastern fronts; they recognise that on 11 November 1918, the War ended only on the Western front and violence continued in multiple forms over the next five years; and they show how state-building after 1918 in Central and Eastern Europe was marked by a mixture of innovation and instability. Thus, the volume focuses on three kinds of narratives: those related to conflicts and violence, those related to the recasting of civil life in new structures and institutions, and those related to remembrance and representations of these years in the public sphere. Taking a step towards writing a fully European history of the Great War and its aftermath, the volume offers an original approach to this decisive period in 20th-century European history.