Weed Control Options In Annual Pasture Legumes

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Weed Control Options In Annual Pasture Legumes

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Author : Graeme Anthony Sandral
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005

Weed Control Options In Annual Pasture Legumes written by Graeme Anthony Sandral and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Forage plants categories.

This document reports on the findings of project DAN-163A. The project focused on developing a greater understanding of the herbicide options for weed control in annual forage legumes. As a secondary aim the project supported research efforts of the National Annual Pasture Legume Improvement Program to develop new annual legume seed crops that could be direct headed using conventional header harvesters.

Weed Control In Annual Pasture Legume Seed Crops

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Author : Peter Michael Kloot
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1971

Weed Control In Annual Pasture Legume Seed Crops written by Peter Michael Kloot and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1971 with Herbicides categories.

Weed Control In Limited Tillage Systems

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Author : Allen F. Wiese
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985

Weed Control In Limited Tillage Systems written by Allen F. Wiese and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Gardening categories.

Nitrogen Fixation By Pasture Legumes

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Author : Abolhassan Fajri
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996

Nitrogen Fixation By Pasture Legumes written by Abolhassan Fajri and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Defoliation categories.

Experiments detailed in this thesis, evaluate the impact of various herbicides and herbicide mixtures on the growth, nodulation and nitrogen fixation of annual pasture legumes, the efficacy of the herbicides for weed control, and the potential role of mechanical defoliation to replace herbicides, leading to lower cost and more sustainable farming systems.

Weed Control Manual

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1976

Weed Control Manual written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1976 with Herbicides categories.

Increasing Weed Management Tools With An Herbicide Safener For Control Of Annual Grasses In Wheat

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Author : Damilola A. Raiyemo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020

Increasing Weed Management Tools With An Herbicide Safener For Control Of Annual Grasses In Wheat written by Damilola A. Raiyemo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Herbicide safeners categories.

The Pacific Northwest is a highly productive wheat growing region of the world. One of the challenges confronting wheat farmers in the region is control of weeds below levels that negatively impact crop yield. Annual grasses are most troublesome to wheat farmers in the region due to similarities in growth habits between wheat and annual grasses. Growers often rely on preemergence or early postemergence herbicides for control of annual grasses. Preemergence herbicides include the very-long-chain fatty acid synthesis (VLCFA) inhibitors, such as flufenacet, pyroxasulfone or their premix with other herbicides while early postemergence herbicides include (1) acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors, such as diclofop, pinoxaden, and (2) acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors, such as flucarbazone, pyroxsulam, mesosulfuron. However, selection pressure from consistent herbicide use resulted in annual grasses evolving resistant populations to multiple groups of herbicides, leaving growers with few herbicide options for control. The very-long-chain fatty acid-inhibiting herbicides are effective herbicides for control of annual grasses and small-seeded broadleaf weeds in corn, soybeans, wheat, cotton and sorghum with few reported cases of resistance. Pyroxasulfone, a VLCFA inhibitor, controls annual grass and small-seeded broadleaf weeds such as Italian ryegrass, barnyardgrass, foxtails, crabgrasses, Palmer amaranth and common waterhemp in corn, wheat and soybeans at low use rate with efficacy also against populations resistant to glyphosate, acetolactate synthase inhibitors, acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitors and triazines. Despite the use of several VLCFA inhibitors for over six decades, potential problem associated with herbicides in the group is crop injury. Differential tolerance of crop varieties under adverse environmental conditions or soil type could hinder the selective use of some herbicides. Herbicide safeners, applied either as tank mixture with the herbicide for preemergence or postemergence use or as seed treatments in the form of seed dressing have been used to protect crops from herbicide injury. Safeners increase the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in herbicide detoxification including cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, glycosyltransferases, glutathione S-transferases and ATP-binding cassette transporters. Fluxofenim (Concep III, Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, Greensboro, NC) is a widely used seed treatment safener for protection of sorghum from S-metolachlor injury at the rate of 0.4 g ai kg-1 seed. Perhaps, fluxofenim could protect newly bred wheat cultivars of the Pacific Northwest from soil-applied preemergence herbicides. Chapter 1 includes a general introduction to wheat production in Idaho, challenges of annual grass control in wheat, herbicide options for annual grass control in wheat, effectiveness of very-long-chain fatty acid-inhibiting herbicides in annual grass control, tolerance of crops to VLCFA inhibitors via rapid metabolism, concept of crop safening, history, mechanism of action and use. Chapter 2 provides information on series of experiments evaluating the protection of soft white wheat varieties and a hard spring wheat variety from very-long-chain fatty acid-inhibiting herbicides using fluxofenim safener. Data analysis showed that fluxofenim protection of soft white wheat varieties from VLCFA-inhibiting herbicides was variety-dependent. Fluxofenim significantly increased dry biomass of varieties LWW 15-72223, LWW 14-75044, Bruneau and UI Sparrow for S-metolachlor and dimethenamid-P herbicides, and LWW 15-72458 for pyroxasulfone herbicide. Varieties 09-15702A, UI Castle CL+ and UI Palouse CL+ were however tolerant to the three herbicide treatments regardless of fluxofenim treatment at the herbicide rates evaluated. Dose-response analysis showed effective doses resulting in 10% biomass reduction due to fluxofenim-alone treatment ranged from 0.55 g ai kg-1 seed for UI Magic CL+ to 1.23 g ai kg-1 seed for UI Palouse CL+. Effective doses resulting in 90% tolerance to S-metolachlor due to fluxofenim ranged from 0.07 g ai kg-1 seed for UI Castle CL+ to 0.55 g ai kg-1 seed for Brundage 96 and a similar pattern of response to dimethenamid-P and pyroxasulfone herbicides were also observed for the varieties, suggesting UI Castle CL+ has some level of tolerance to the herbicides. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) assay revealed that variety UI Castle CL+ had a 58% increase in GST specific activity relative to UI Sparrow and Brundage 96 with 30% and 38% increase in enzyme activity respectively at 0.36 g ai kg-1 seed treatment. Chapter 3 describes experiments to determine fluxofenim protection of six soft white winter wheat varieties selected based on prior greenhouse experiments from S-metolachlor, dimethenamid-P or pyroxasulfone injury under field conditions. Wheat density, height, head count and grain yield were evaluated in response to herbicide treatments with or without fluxofenim safener. Results indicated that fluxofenim had a negative impact on parameters observed in these field studies. Fluxofenim at 0.4 g ai kg-1 seed sorghum label rate failed to confer protection to soft white wheat varieties in the field studies conducted in fall 2018. The results of these field studies were therefore inconclusive and efficacy of fluxofenim to protect winter wheat would need to be evaluated further under different environmental conditions and soil types.

Effect Of Herbicides On Improved Tropical Pasture Legumes And Grasses

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Author : Douglas F. Nicholls
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1973

Effect Of Herbicides On Improved Tropical Pasture Legumes And Grasses written by Douglas F. Nicholls and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with Pastures categories.

Weed Control In Small Grains Forages And Pastures

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987

Weed Control In Small Grains Forages And Pastures written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Herbicides categories.

Australian Weed Management Systems

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Author : Brian M. Sindel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000

Australian Weed Management Systems written by Brian M. Sindel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Herbicides categories.

Evaluation And Cultivar Selection For Herbicide Tolerance In Annual Legume Pastures

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Author : David Ferris
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007

Evaluation And Cultivar Selection For Herbicide Tolerance In Annual Legume Pastures written by David Ferris and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Legumes as feed categories.