What Are The Chances And Limitations Of Value At Risk Var Models
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What Are The Chances And Limitations Of Value At Risk Var Models
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Author : Alexander Linn
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2006-05-21
What Are The Chances And Limitations Of Value At Risk Var Models written by Alexander Linn and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-05-21 with Business & Economics categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2004 in the subject Business economics - Controlling, grade: 1,7, European Business School - International University Schloß Reichartshausen Oestrich-Winkel (Department of Accounting and Control), language: English, abstract: The risk and return framework is generally accepted and discussed by scientists, at least since Markowitz introduced his Portfolio Theory in 1952. Subsequently, models were developed to evaluate investments under consideration of risk and return. Traditionally, practitioners primarily focused on past earnings as a measure of the profitability of an investment, without adequately considering potential risks. Therefore, the development of professional risk management systems was often neglected. Thus, the possibility of high losses was not appropriately incorporated in their investment strategies. The consequences of such mistreatment became evident in the mid 1990s, when some of the world’s largest companies faced huge losses and sometimes even insolvency. Most of these failures were a direct result of inappropriate use of financial instruments and insufficient internal control mechanisms. The most spectacular debacles even resulted in losses of more than one billion dollars for each affected institution. In case of Barings Bank, a single trader ruined the 233-year old British financial institution by inappropriate investments in high-risk futures in 1995. The consequent loss of $1.3 billion, realized in a very short period, could not be absorbed and forced the downfall of Barings. At Daiwa Bank, it was also a single trader who caused a $1.1 billion deficit. In contrast, the losses were accumulated over 11 years from 1984. Another well-publicized bankruptcy was declared in 1994 by the Californian Orange County, after losses of $1.8 billion. Such evidence of poor risk management and control shows that proper financial risk management is crucial for all kinds of institutions in order to guarantee stability and continuity. Therefore, it is necessary to establish adequate risk management processes and to develop appropriate tools, which quantify risk exposures of both entire institutions and single financial instruments. This risk quantification should alert management early enough to prevent exceptional losses. One of the key concepts addressing these prob-lems of modern risk management was introduced in 1993 with the Value-at-Risk (VaR) models.
Measuring Market Risk With Value At Risk
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Author : Pietro Penza
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2001
Measuring Market Risk With Value At Risk written by Pietro Penza and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Business & Economics categories.
"This book, Measuring Market Risk with Value at Risk by Vipul Bansal and Pietro Penza, has three advantages over earlier works on the subject. First, it takes a decidedly global approach-an essential ingredient for any comprehensive work on market risk. Second, it ties the scientifically grounded, yet intuitively appealing, VaR measure to earlier, more idiosyncratic measures of market risk that are used in specific market environs (e.g., duration in fixed income). Finally, it encompasses all of the accepted approaches to calculating a VaR measure and presents them in a clearly explained fashion with supporting illustrations and completely worked-out examples." -from the Foreword by John F. Marshall, PhD, Principal, Marshall, Tucker & Associates, LLC "Measuring Market Risk with Value at Risk offers a much-needed intellectual bridge, a translation from the esoteric realm of mathematical finance to the domain of financial managers who seek guidance in applying developments from this important field of research as well as that of MBA-level graduate instruction. I believe the authors have done a commendable job of providing a carefully crafted, highly readable, and most useful work, and intend to recommend it to all those involved in business risk management applications." -Anthony F. Herbst, PhD, Professor of Finance and C.R. and D.S. Carter Chair, The University of Texas, El Paso and Founding editor of The Journal of Financial Engineering (1991-1998) "Finally there's a book that strikes a balance between rigor and application in the area of risk management in the banking industry. This innovative book is a MUST for both novices and professionals alike." -Robert P. Yuyuenyongwatana, PhD, Associate Professor of Finance, Cameron University "Measuring Market Risk with Value at Risk is one of the most complete discussions of this emerging topic in finance that I have seen. The authors develop a logical and rigorous framework for using VaR models, providing both historical references and analytical applications." -Kevin Wynne, PhD, Associate Professor of Finance, Lubin School of Business, Pace University
Mastering Value At Risk
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Author : Cormac Butler
language : en
Publisher: Financial Times/Prentice Hall
Release Date : 1999
Mastering Value At Risk written by Cormac Butler and has been published by Financial Times/Prentice Hall this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Business & Economics categories.
Value at Risk (VAR) is rapidly emerging as the dominant methodology for estimating precisely how much money is at risk each day in the financial markets. This book provides an objective view of VAR, analyzing its pitfalls and benefits.
Problems Of Value At Risk A Critical View
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Author : Alexander Melichar
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2010-11-26
Problems Of Value At Risk A Critical View written by Alexander Melichar and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-11-26 with Business & Economics categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Business economics - Controlling, grade: 1,5, University of Innsbruck (Institut für Banken und Finanzen), course: Seminar SBWL Risk Management, language: English, abstract: This seminar paper is divided in the following chapters: 1. Definition of Value at Risk: What is VaR, several definitions of this figure. 2. The three common approaches for calculating Value at Risk: Historical simulation, Monte Carlo simulation, Variance-Covariance model. 3. The critical view: Problems and limitations of Value at Risk. Which approach can be meaningfully used and when not? Why is Value at Risk not the “only truth” in financial institutions? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the several approaches in calculating Value at Risk?
Risk Measures Value At Risk And Beyond
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Author : Bernhard Höfler
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2008
Risk Measures Value At Risk And Beyond written by Bernhard Höfler and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Business & Economics categories.
Master's Thesis from the year 2007 in the subject Business economics - Banking, Stock Exchanges, Insurance, Accounting, grade: 1 (A), University of Graz (Institut für Finanzwirtschaft), language: English, abstract: This thesis provides an exhaustive and well-founded overview of risk measures, in particular of Value at Risk (VaR) and risk measures beyond VaR. Corporations are exposed to different kinds of risks and therefore risk management has become a central task for a successful company. VaR is nowadays widely adapted internationally to measure market risk and is the most frequently used risk measure amongst practitioners due to the fact that the concept offers several advantages. However, VaR also has its drawbacks and hence there have been and still are endeavours to improve VaR and to find better risk measures. In seeking alternative risk measures to try to overcome VaR's disadvantages, while still keeping its advantages, risk measures beyond VaR were introduced. The most important alternative risk measures such as Tail Conditional Expectation, Worst Conditional Expectation, Expected Shortfall, Conditional VaR, and Expected Tail Loss are presented in detail in the thesis. It has been found that the listed risk measures are very similar concepts of overcoming the deficiencies of VaR and that there is no clear distinction between them in the literature - 'confusion of tongues' would be an appropriate expression. Two concepts have become widespread in the literature in recent years: Conditional VaR and Expected Shortfall, however there are situations where it can be seen that these are simply different terms for the same measure. Additionally other concepts are touched upon (Conditional Drawdown at Risk, Expected Regret, Spectral Risk Measures, Distortion Risk Measures, and other risk measures) and modifications of VaR (Conditional Autoregressive VaR, Modified VaR, Stable modelling of VaR) are introduced. Recapitulatory the basic findings of the thesis are that t
Market Risk Analysis Value At Risk Models
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Author : Carol Alexander
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2009-02-09
Market Risk Analysis Value At Risk Models written by Carol Alexander and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02-09 with Business & Economics categories.
Written by leading market risk academic, Professor Carol Alexander, Value-at-Risk Models forms part four of the Market Risk Analysis four volume set. Building on the three previous volumes this book provides by far the most comprehensive, rigorous and detailed treatment of market VaR models. It rests on the basic knowledge of financial mathematics and statistics gained from Volume I, of factor models, principal component analysis, statistical models of volatility and correlation and copulas from Volume II and, from Volume III, knowledge of pricing and hedging financial instruments and of mapping portfolios of similar instruments to risk factors. A unifying characteristic of the series is the pedagogical approach to practical examples that are relevant to market risk analysis in practice. All together, the Market Risk Analysis four volume set illustrates virtually every concept or formula with a practical, numerical example or a longer, empirical case study. Across all four volumes there are approximately 300 numerical and empirical examples, 400 graphs and figures and 30 case studies many of which are contained in interactive Excel spreadsheets available from the the accompanying CD-ROM . Empirical examples and case studies specific to this volume include: Parametric linear value at risk (VaR)models: normal, Student t and normal mixture and their expected tail loss (ETL); New formulae for VaR based on autocorrelated returns; Historical simulation VaR models: how to scale historical VaR and volatility adjusted historical VaR; Monte Carlo simulation VaR models based on multivariate normal and Student t distributions, and based on copulas; Examples and case studies of numerous applications to interest rate sensitive, equity, commodity and international portfolios; Decomposition of systematic VaR of large portfolios into standard alone and marginal VaR components; Backtesting and the assessment of risk model risk; Hypothetical factor push and historical stress tests, and stress testing based on VaR and ETL.
An Introduction To Value At Risk
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Author : Moorad Choudhry
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2007-01-11
An Introduction To Value At Risk written by Moorad Choudhry and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-11 with Business & Economics categories.
The value-at-risk measurement methodology is a widely-used tool in financial market risk management. The fourth edition of Professor Moorad Choudhry’s benchmark reference text An Introduction to Value-at-Risk offers an accessible and reader-friendly look at the concept of VaR and its different estimation methods, and is aimed specifically at newcomers to the market or those unfamiliar with modern risk management practices. The author capitalises on his experience in the financial markets to present this concise yet in-depth coverage of VaR, set in the context of risk management as a whole. Topics covered include: Defining value-at-risk Variance-covariance methodology Monte Carlo simulation Portfolio VaR Credit risk and credit VaR Topics are illustrated with Bloomberg screens, worked examples, exercises and case studies. Related issues such as statistics, volatility and correlation are also introduced as necessary background for students and practitioners. This is essential reading for all those who require an introduction to financial market risk management and value-at-risk.
Evaluation Of Value At Risk Models
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Author : P.A. Naidu
language : en
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2013
Evaluation Of Value At Risk Models written by P.A. Naidu and has been published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
This book gives an overview of evaluation of the most widespread Value at Risk (VaR)Models in use in most of risk management departments across the financial industry.Value at Risk (VaR) has become the standard measure that financial analysts use to quantify market risk. VaR is defined as the maximum potential change in value of a portfolio of financial instruments with a given probability over a certain horizon. VaR measures can have many applications, such as in risk management, to evaluate the performance of risk takers and for regulatory requirements, and hence it is very important to develop methodologies that provide accurate estimates.The main objective of this book is to survey the most popular univariate VaR methodologies, paying particular attention to their underlying assumptions. The great popularity that this instrument has achieved is essentially due to its conceptual simplicity: VaR reduces the (market) risk associated with any portfolio to just one number, the loss associated to a given probability. VaR can also be applied to governance of endowments, trusts, and pension plans. Essentially trustees adopt portfolio VaR metrics for the entire pooled account.
The Var Implementation Handbook Chapter 6 Value At Risk Performance Criterion A Performance Measure For Evaluating Value At Risk Models
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Author : Greg N. Gregoriou
language : en
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
Release Date : 2009-02-19
The Var Implementation Handbook Chapter 6 Value At Risk Performance Criterion A Performance Measure For Evaluating Value At Risk Models written by Greg N. Gregoriou and has been published by McGraw Hill Professional this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02-19 with Business & Economics categories.
The following is a chapter from The VaR Implementation Handbook, which examines the latest strategies for measuring, managing, and modeling risk across a variety of applications. Packed with the insights, methods, and models that make experienced professionals competitive all over the world, this comprehensive guide features cutting-edge research and findings from some of the industry's most respected academics, practitioners, and consultants.
The Var Modeling Handbook Practical Applications In Alternative Investing Banking Insurance And Portfolio Management
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Author : Greg N. Gregoriou
language : en
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
Release Date : 2010-02-22
The Var Modeling Handbook Practical Applications In Alternative Investing Banking Insurance And Portfolio Management written by Greg N. Gregoriou and has been published by McGraw Hill Professional this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-02-22 with Business & Economics categories.
Value-at-Risk (VaR) is a powerful tool for assessing market risk in real time—a critical insight when making trading and hedging decisions. The VaR Modeling Handbook is the most complete, up-to-date reference on the subject for today’s savvy investors, traders, portfolio managers, and other asset and risk managers. Unlike market risk metrics such as the Greeks, or beta, which are applicable to only certain asset categories and sources of market risk, VaR is applicable to all liquid assets, making it a reliable indicator of total market risk. For this reason, among many others, VaR has become the dominant method for estimating precisely how much money is at risk each day in the financial markets. The VaR Modeling Handbook is a profound volume that delivers practical information on measuring and modeling risk specifically focused on alternative investments, banking, and the insurance sector. The perfect primer to The VaR Implementation Handbook (McGraw- Hill), this foundational resource features The experience of 40 internationally recognized experts Useful perspectives from a wide range of practitioners, researchers, and academics Coverage on applying VaR to hedge fund strategies, microcredit loan portfolios, and economic capital management approaches for insurance companies Each illuminating chapter in The VaR Modeling Handbook presents a specific topic, complete with an abstract and conclusion for quick reference, as well as numerous illustrations that exemplify covered material. Practitioners can gain in-depth, cornerstone knowledge of VaR by reading the handbook cover to cover or take advantage of its user-friendly format by using it as a go-to resource in the real world. Financial success in the markets requires confident decision making, and The VaR Modeling Handbook gives you the knowledge you need to use this state-of-the-art modeling method to successfully manage financial risk.