What Are The Prospects And Challenges Of The Comesa Eac Sadc Tripartite Free Trade Area
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What Are The Prospects And Challenges Of The Comesa Eac Sadc Tripartite Free Trade Area
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Author : Jeremy Raguain
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2019-07-23
What Are The Prospects And Challenges Of The Comesa Eac Sadc Tripartite Free Trade Area written by Jeremy Raguain and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-23 with Political Science categories.
Academic Paper from the year 2017 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: Globalization, Political Economics, grade: 77, University of Cape Town, course: Regionalism in Africa, language: English, abstract: Hailed by Dr. Calestous Juma and Dr. Francis Mangeni “as the most significant event in Africa since the establishment of the Organization of African Unity (OAU)” the T–FTA is understood by many to be a vital step towards establishing the African Economic Community (AEC) (Dari, 2015: 38; Juma & Mangeni, 2015). If successfully ratified and implemented the T–FTA would see the merging of Africa’s thee largest and most successful regional economic communities (REC) – SADC, COMESA and EAC. Consequently, the T–FTA would cover approximately 632 million Africans have a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of between $1.3- $1.6 trillion and a land area that could fit both the United States and China. Undoubtedly, a successfully implemented T–FTA would unleash Africa’s anaemic intra-regional trade level which remains stagnant at 12% (Juma & Mangeni, 2015). Increasing Africa’s intra-regional trade is regarded as a pivotal part of developing its underdeveloped and disconnected economies. Considering the T–FTA’s potential it is hard not to see Juma’s and Mangeni’s point. However, others are not as expectant. Reflecting on how the T–FTA has repeatedly missed its deadlines and considering the varying degrees of failure African regionalism has had in cases such as SADC, COMESA and EAC, it is evident that the T–FTA has a long and uncertain road ahead. Therefore, to comprehensively discuss and evaluate T–FTA’s potential this essay looks at Africa’s history of regional integration (RI). To do so it begins by defining and contextualising RI, regionalisation and regionalism in Africa. The essay then deliberates over ‘new’ regionalism’s variants in Africa, discerning that the T–FTA and its RECs represent ‘open’ regionalism’s clear dominance. Subsequently, the discussion analyses the ‘episodes’ of African regionalism to contextualise COMESA’s, SADC’s and EAC creation and enable an insight into Africa’s integration track record. Thus highlighting the T–FTA’s context and viability. Following this, the essay unpacks the T–FTA’s raison dêtre and then discusses the views on its, potential, progress and challenges. Ultimately, this critical appraisal of the T–FTA serves to not only understand the actualities of Africa’s largest ongoing attempt at RI, but to also show that scholars of African regionalism must strive away from Afro-optimism and Afro-pessimism towards what Mo Ibrahim calls Afro-realism.
Prospects And Challenges In The Formation Of The Comesa Eac And Sadc Tripartite Free Trade Area
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Author : Lawrence Othieno
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Prospects And Challenges In The Formation Of The Comesa Eac And Sadc Tripartite Free Trade Area written by Lawrence Othieno and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Africa, Eastern categories.
"The stalemate of the multilateral trade system in addressing key trade and trade related issues over the years have mounted pressure on World Trade Organisation (WTO) member states to search for alternative solutions. This pressure has directed countries' attention and efforts towards bilateral and regional trade arrangements as an immediate intervention to resolve some of the stagnated issues at the multilateral level....With regard to the proposed tripartite Free Trade Area (T-FTA) among COMESA-EAC and SADC member states, it is one among the many regional economic communities (RECs) that have emerged over the years. This paper tries to examine some of the complexities and inter-linkages in reaching a tripartite free trade agreement in serviceds and goods, as well as infrastructure development" --Abstract.
Trade Trajectories Of The East African Community Eac Within The African Continental Free Trade Area Afcfta
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Author : Michael Masiya
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Trade Trajectories Of The East African Community Eac Within The African Continental Free Trade Area Afcfta written by Michael Masiya and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
This exploratory study examines the export potential of the East African Community (EAC) within the new African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) and the impending COMESA-EAC-SADC Tripartite Free Trade Area (TFTA). The research aims to determine the EAC's export potential, identify key products with strong export potential, and recognize the challenges and opportunities present within this context. The EAC's active role in AfCFTA negotiations, both benefits and potential concerns associated with the AfCFTA for EAC member states, are presented. Preliminary analysis of EAC member countries (Uganda, Tanzania, and Burundi) highlights significant unrealized export potential, particularly within agricultural, mineral, light manufacturing, and textile sectors. The study underscores the need for comprehensive strategies and robust policies to optimize the EAC's export potential within the AfCFTA, serving as a valuable resource for policy and strategy development.
Innovation Regional Integration And Development In Africa
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Author : Samuel Ojo Oloruntoba
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-07-26
Innovation Regional Integration And Development In Africa written by Samuel Ojo Oloruntoba and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-26 with Political Science categories.
This edited volume discusses the role of innovation and regional integration in economic development in Africa. Over the past five decades, post-colonial African countries have struggled to break loose from the trap of poverty and underdevelopment through the adoption of various development strategies at regional, national, and continental levels. However, the results of both national and regional efforts at advancing development on the continent have been mixed. Although the importance of agglomeration and fusion of institutions have long been recognized as possible path to achieving economic development in Africa, the approach to regionalism has been unduly focused on market integration, while neglecting other dimensions such as social policy, mobility of labor, educational policy, biotechnology, regional legislation, manufacturing, innovation, and science and technology. This volume investigates the link between innovation, regional integration, and development in Africa, arguing that the immediate and long term development of Africa lies not just in the structural transformation of its economies but in the advancement of scientific and innovation capacities. The book is divided into four parts. Part I addresses the theoretical and conceptual underpinnings of innovation and regional integration in Africa. Part II presents case studies which examine how regional economic institutions are fostering innovation in Africa. Part III of the book deals with sectoral issues on innovation and integrated development in Africa. Part IV sets the future research on innovation, regional integration, and development in Africa. Combining theoretical analysis and a comparative, interdisciplinary approach, this volume is appropriate for researchers and students interested in economic development, political economy, African studies, international relations, agricultural science, and geography, as well as policymakers in regional economic communities and the African Union.
Assessing Regional Integration In Africa V
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: UN
Release Date : 2012
Assessing Regional Integration In Africa V written by and has been published by UN this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Africa categories.
The fifth of the series (ARIA/V) has come at a time of renewed enthusiasm for shortening the period of the vision of the Abuja Treaty. Its overall objective is to provide an analytical research publication that defines frameworks for African Governments, the African Union and the Regional Economic Communities, towards accelerating the establishment of the African Common Market through: the speedy removal of all tariff and non-tariff barriers, obstacles to free movement of people, investments and factors of production in general across Africa, and through fast-tracking the creation of an African continental Free Trade Area
The Development Of Africa
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Author : Olayinka Akanle
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-10-25
The Development Of Africa written by Olayinka Akanle and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-25 with Social Science categories.
This volume analyses many of the real development challenges confronting the African continent, presenting fresh and current objective examinations, narratives, interpretations and pathways to the continent’s development. It interrogates and answers established, critical, current and pragmatic problems confronting Africa today, and provides workable pathways out of the development problems, so that scholarship, policy and practice will be positively impacted. This volume adds great depth and extended breadth to the knowledge base on development of Africa. It provides excellent resources for academics, scholars, student, policy makers and all those interested in issues affecting Africa’s development.
Post Neo Functionalism Pan Africanism And Regional Integration In Africa
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Author : Ernest Aniche
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Post Neo Functionalism Pan Africanism And Regional Integration In Africa written by Ernest Aniche and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
The ghost of Berlin Conference (1884-1885) that partitioned Africa into specific spheres of influence has continued to haunt Africa many years after colonialism, reinforcing the fragmentation of African economies. The shadow of the Conference is still with us such that after over a century of pan-Africanism and five decades of regional integration in Africa, African economies remain decimated. This explains the reason why the announcement of the proposed Tripartite Free Trade Area (T-FTA) of the EAC-SADC-COMESA in Eastern and Southern Africa was received with both optimism and pessimism. The optimism concerning the prospects of the proposed T-FTA, though often exaggerated, is not totally unfounded as it could help African Economic Community (AEC) strengthen intra-RECs, and inter-RECs integration by reducing the incidence of multiple memberships and proliferation of regional economic groups and subgroups, among other things. With the use of qualitative method and some indices from the secondary sources, and by propounding a new theory of post-neo-functionalism, a combination or a synthesis of neo-nationalism and post-nationalism, this paper concludes that the proposed Tripartite Free Trade Area (T-FTA) would be confronted with some challenges capable of overcoming, impeding or confounding these prospects. The paper seeks to deconstruct and problematize neo-functionalism in African integration as well as rejects neo-functionalist, one-size-fits-all, state-centric or inter-governmental approach to integration in Africa, and rather recommends bottom-top, humanistic, people-centric or private-sector-driven approach to integration, or people-to-people integration. The study is essentially prognostic.
The Politics Of Trade And Tobacco Control
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Author : H. Jarman
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-12-22
The Politics Of Trade And Tobacco Control written by H. Jarman and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-22 with Political Science categories.
This book uses the concept of political conflict to examine the effects of globalization on tobacco control policies. Analyzing a range of challenges to policies enacted by Australia, Canada, the United States, the European Union and Uruguay, the book examines how the global trading system has narrowed the scope of conflicts over tobacco control.
The African Continental Free Trade Area Potential Economic Impact And Challenges
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Author : Mr.Lisandro Abrego
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2020-05-13
The African Continental Free Trade Area Potential Economic Impact And Challenges written by Mr.Lisandro Abrego and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-13 with Business & Economics categories.
Political momentum towards Africa-wide free trade has been intensifying. In March 2018, over 40 countries signed the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) agreement. Once fully implemented, the AfCFTA is expected to cover all 55 African countries, with a combined GDP of about US$2.2 trillion. This SDN takes stock of recent trade developments in Sub-Saharan Africa and assesses the potential benefits and costs of the AfCFTA, as well as challenges to its successful implementation. In addition to increased trade flows both in existing and new products, the AfCFTA has the potential to generate substantial economic benefits for African countries. These benefits include higher income arising from increased efficiency and productivity from improved resource allocation, higher cross-border investment flows, and technology transfers. Besides lowering import tariffs, to ensure these benefits, African countries will need reduce other trade barriers by making more efficient their customs procedures, reducing their wide infrastructure gaps, and improving their business climates. At the same time, policy measures should be taken to mitigate the differential impact of trade liberalization on certain groups as resources are reallocated in the economy and activities migrate to locations with comparatively lower costs.
African Union
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Author : Mwangi Kimenyi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
African Union written by Mwangi Kimenyi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Attempts at regional integration in Africa date back to the pre-independence era, when the decolonization agenda was the main factor driving regionalism. During the immediate post-independence period in Africa, there were many attempts towards unification. A number of African leaders, among them Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana, Julius Nyerere of Tanzania, and Jomo Kenyatta of Kenya, were strong advocates of the Pan-Africanism movement and were instrumental in the establishment of the Organization of African States (OAU), the predecessor to the African Union (AU). At the regional level, there have been numerous attempts to establish regional blocks designed to reduce barriers to trade and restrictions on the movement of people across national boundaries. Although African regional integration efforts date back many years, overall progress has been slow and has faced many setbacks. Economic development is a significant dimension of regional integration. Around the world, building functioning regional markets has been the key to unlocking greater economic opportunity. Market development necessitates working across borders, and historically the most successful markets have been those that have effectively and efficiently spanned countries and regions. The ancient Silk Road comes to mind, as do burgeoning markets in Europe and Asia. A crucial part of unlocking economic potential is spatial planning--building infrastructure and institutions where they are needed most. Although regional integration is inherently political, economic considerations must drive the process.Today, African regional integration appears to be gaining considerable momentum. Several of the Regional Economic Communities (RECs), among them the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the East African Community (EAC), the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) and the Southern African Development Community (SADC), have seen progress in their efforts, as discussed below. Significantly, broader efforts at continental integration are also gaining ground, most notably through the landmark Abuja Treaty that resulted from the Final Act of Lagos in 1991. During the last AU Summit held in January 2012 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, the heads of state agreed to fast track the establishment of a Continental Free Trade Area (CFTA) by 2017. This push for closer integration is further evidenced in the announcement of the 2008 tripartite agreement among three of the well-established RECs in Eastern and Southern Africa, the EAC, COMESA and SADC, to merge and form the Tripartite Group or African Free Trade Zone. However, many challenges remain to achieving full integration of the RECs, let alone the establishment of a supra-regional or continental FTA. This paper catalogues the progress made towards regional integration in Africa, with a focus on the various obstacles these efforts have faced. In the section that follows, we start with a discussion of the importance of regional integration to Africa, highlighting some of the political and economic benefits that are expected from regional integration and previewing some of the more significant challenges. Section III provides a brief status report of the current state of regional integration on the continent. Section IV discusses the main challenges that have slowed regional integration efforts. Section V concludes with some observations about the future of regional integration in Africa and the way forward.