Who Benchmarks For The Practice Of Tuina
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Who Benchmarks For The Practice Of Tuina
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2021-04-19
Who Benchmarks For The Practice Of Tuina written by and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-19 with Medical categories.
With the increasing use of tuina in clinical settings worldwide, there is a need to develop benchmarks for the practice of tuina, against which actual tuina treatment can be compared and evaluated. This document presents a stepwise guidance for the administration of tuina treatment, provides the minimum infrastructure requirements for delivering a tuina service and emphasizes the key elements for the safe practice of tuina. This document offers a useful reference point to evaluate tuina practice which will benefit policymakers, health workers, education providers and the public in general. It forms an integral part of the updated benchmark series, targeting key modalities of traditional medicine intervention and contributing to the establishment of a reference toolkit for countries.
Who Benchmarks For The Training Of Tuina
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2021-06-11
Who Benchmarks For The Training Of Tuina written by and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-11 with Medical categories.
In 2010, WHO published the Benchmarks for training in tuina. However, various backgrounds of tuina service providers were addressed inadequately in this document, and there is a lack of a defined career pathway for tuina providers. This updated benchmark document aims to reduce the gaps by setting up required leaning modules for each category of tuina service providers at different levels, so that individual practices and practitioners can be compared, evaluated and accredited. This document offers a useful reference point to evaluate tuina service providers, which will benefit policymakers, health workers, education providers and the public in general. It forms an integral part of the updated benchmark series, targeting key modalities of traditional medicine intervention and contributing to the establishment of a reference toolkit for countries.
Who Benchmarks For The Practice Of Acupuncture
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2021-04-19
Who Benchmarks For The Practice Of Acupuncture written by and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-19 with Medical categories.
With the increasing use of acupuncture in clinical settings worldwide, there is a need to develop benchmarks for the practice of acupuncture, against which actual acupuncture treatment can be compared and evaluated. This document presents a stepwise guidance for the administration of acupuncture treatment, provides the minimum infrastructure requirements for delivering an acupuncture service and emphasizes the key elements for the safe practice of acupuncture. This document offers a useful reference point to evaluate acupuncture practice which will benefit policymakers, health workers, education providers and the public in general. It forms an integral part of the updated benchmark series, targeting key modalities of traditional medicine intervention and contributing to the establishment of a reference toolkit for countries.
Who Benchmarks For Training In Anthroposophic Medicine
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Author : World Health Organization
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2023-03-28
Who Benchmarks For Training In Anthroposophic Medicine written by World Health Organization and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-03-28 with Medical categories.
Anthroposophic medicine (AM) is a form of traditional, complementary and integrative medicine (TCI), integrated into conventional medicine in outpatient practices and hospitals. As more countries begin to set policies and regulatory frameworks for the practice of TCI, policy-makers require information to make informed decisions, including evaluations of the quality of practices, difficulties that may be encountered, and suggested ways in which these can be addressed. These are the first benchmarks for training in AM and reflect what the AM community considers to be minimum training for professionals to practice any of the AM disciplines, in ways which ensure consumer protection and patient safety, including quality assurance, and the effectiveness and proper use of AM.
Who Guideline On Country Pharmaceutical Pricing Policies
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date : 2020-09-29
Who Guideline On Country Pharmaceutical Pricing Policies written by and has been published by World Health Organization this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-29 with Business & Economics categories.
In recent years, high prices of pharmaceutical products have posed challenges in high- and low-income countries alike. In many instances, high prices of pharmaceutical products have led to significant financial hardship for individuals and negatively impacted on healthcare systems' ability to provide population-wide access to essential medicines. Pharmaceutical pricing policies need to be carefully planned, carried out, and regularly checked and revised according to changing conditions. Strong, well-thought-out policies can guide well-informed and balanced decisions to achieve affordable access to essential health products. This guideline replaces the 2015 WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies, revised to reflect the growing body of literature since the last evidence review in 2010. This update also recognizes country experiences in managing the prices of pharmaceutical products.
Healthcare Policies And Systems In Europe And China Comparisons And Synergies
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Author : Mucelli Attilio
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2017-11-27
Healthcare Policies And Systems In Europe And China Comparisons And Synergies written by Mucelli Attilio and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-27 with Health & Fitness categories.
Healthcare Policies and Systems in Europe and China, a product of an interdisciplinary European Union-funded project, comprehensively investigates opportunities for mutual integration in the healthcare sector of the two regions and analyses policies at both national and local levels, the legal environment, medical practices, as well as the state of respective healthcare industries and related businesses. The book sheds light on both the potential benefits and obstacles to the integration of Chinese and Western medicine, as well as practices and industries in Europe and China. An interdisciplinary approach is adopted throughout using tools and technical knowledge derived from the economics, social sciences, legal and medical fields. This edited volume seeks to provide guidelines and policy proposals for policy-makers both in Europe and China, as well as offer operational suggestions for companies working in or with China, to enhance bilateral trade and investment flows. It also presents medical evidence and economic/legal analysis that will help boost the integration of traditional Chinese medicine with Western medicine through research studies. This is a recommended read for graduates, researchers and policy-makers seeking for a holistic understanding of healthcare policies and systems, both in theory and in practice. Contents: Healthcare System and Industry in Europe and China: Common Issues and Future Opportunities: Relevance of Western Medicine and TCM in the Chinese and European Markets: An Overview (Attilio Mucelli) New Horizons of Chinese Healthcare System: Reforms and Perspectives (Daniela Caruso) Effect of Aging on Healthcare Industry's Cooperation Opportunities Between Europe and China (Dan Yang, Qinhong Wu and Attilio Mucelli) The Chinese TCM Industry: Growth, Changes and Policies (Marco R Di Tommaso, Manli Huang, Yue Qi and Chiara Pollio) Trade in Medical Products Between China and EU (Qu Ruxiao, Zeng Yanping and Liu Xia) The Healthcare Industry in the Chinese Economy: Insights from Input–Output Analysis (Noemi Ferracuti, Claudio Socci and Francesca Spigarelli) European Healthcare Industry and Chinese FDI: Where Do Chinese Firms Invest? (Ping Lv, Yu Liang and Francesca Spigarelli) Monopoly in the Chinese Healthcare Market: Norms and Practices (Lihong Zhang and Changmian Zhang) The Chinese Private Hospital Sector and FDI: From Socialization to Opening Up (Federica Monti) Investments, Research, Education, and TCM (Paolo Sospiro) The Integration of Western and Traditional Chinese Medicine: Challenges and Opportunities: Assessing Costs, Benefits, and Cost-Effectiveness in TCM (Attilio Mucelli and Olena Liakh) Evaluating the Use of TCM Through the Theory of Planned Behaviour: A Consumer Survey Analysis (Olena Liakh) Legal Framework on Health Foods in China and Food Supplements in the EU: A Comparison Study in the Perspective of TCM (Pamela Lattanzi and Qingle Hu) The Balance Between Patients' Choice and Economic Constraint in the Use of TCM Therapies: Two European Cases (Erik Longo and Laura Vagni) Understanding Traditional Chinese Medicine from a Legal and Semantic Perspective (Saisai Wang and Kim Van der Borght) Female Doctors in Ancient China: Comparative Studies Through Literature and Science (Elena Santilli) Traditional Chinese Medicine: Evidences from the Medical Field: Using International Perspective to Develop Traditional Chinese Medicine (Xiaolin Yuan and Xu Zhang) Cancer-Related Digestive Symptoms (Qijun Fang, Yujuan Wang and Tianshu Xu) Cancer-Related Fatigue (Qijun Fang, Yuj
Freedom In The World 2014
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Author : Freedom House
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2014-12-11
Freedom In The World 2014 written by Freedom House and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-11 with Political Science categories.
Freedom in the World, the Freedom House flagship survey whose findings have been published annually since 1972, is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. The survey ratings and narrative reports on 195 countries and fourteen territories are used by policymakers, the media, international corporations, civic activists, and human rights defenders to monitor trends in democracy and track improvements and setbacks in freedom worldwide. The Freedom in the World political rights and civil liberties ratings are determined through a multi-layered process of research and evaluation by a team of regional analysts and eminent scholars. The analysts used a broad range of sources of information, including foreign and domestic news reports, academic studies, nongovernmental organizations, think tanks, individual professional contacts, and visits to the region, in conducting their research. The methodology of the survey is derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and these standards are applied to all countries and territories, irrespective of geographical location, ethnic or religious composition, or level of economic development.
Alluvial Fans
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Author : Adrian M. Harvey
language : en
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Release Date : 2005
Alluvial Fans written by Adrian M. Harvey and has been published by Geological Society of London this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Science categories.
Alluvial fans are important sedimentary environments. They trap sediment delivered from mountain source areas, and exert an important control on the delivery of sediment to downstream environments, to axial drainages and to sedimentary basins. They preserve a sensitive record of environmental change within the mountain source areas. Alluvial fan geomorphology and sedimentology reflect not only drainage basin size and geology, but change in response to tectonic, climatic and base-level controls. One of the challenges facing alluvial fan research is to resolve how these gross controls are reflected in alluvial fan dynamics and to apply the results of studies of modern fan processes and Quaternary fans to the understanding of sedimentary sequences in the rock record. This volume includes papers based on up-to-date research, and focuses on three themes: alluvial fan processes, dynamics of Quaternary alluvial fans and fan sedimentary sequences. Linking the papers is an emphasis on the controls of fan geomorphology, sedimentology and dynamics. This provides a basis for integration between geomorphological and sedimentological approaches, and an understanding how fluvial systems respond to tectonic, climatic and base-level changes.
Electrical Stimulation For Pelvic Floor Disorders
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Author : Jacopo Martellucci
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-10-28
Electrical Stimulation For Pelvic Floor Disorders written by Jacopo Martellucci and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-28 with Medical categories.
This book will enable the reader to gain a sound understanding of contemporary and futuristic evidence-based interventions and assessment procedures for pelvic floor disorders. It gathers the experiences of some of the most important experts on electrical stimulation techniques, offering a multidisciplinary and problem-oriented approach organized according to therapeutic goals. Interventions are recommended that are consistent with theory and display clinical efficacy for specific disorders, including urinary incontinence or retention, fecal incontinence, constipation, pelvic pain, sexual dysfunction and neurological diseases involving the pelvic floor. All of the surgical or rehabilitative techniques requiring electrical stimulation for the treatment of these disorders are explored and essential background information is provided on functional anatomy, neurophysiology and concepts in electrotherapy. This volume will be a very useful tool for urologists, general or colorectal surgeons, gynecologists and anesthesiologists and also physiotherapists and alternative medicine practitioners (a specific chapter focuses on electroacupuncture). It will assist in their clinical practice as they seek to help the very many patients who suffer from any of the wide range of functional pelvic floor disorders.
Low Back Disorders
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Author : Stuart McGill
language : en
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Release Date : 2007
Low Back Disorders written by Stuart McGill and has been published by Human Kinetics this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Backache categories.
This second edition of 'Low Back Disorders' provides research information on low back problems and shows readers how to interpret the data for clinical applications.