Wissenschaft Und Technik In Der Wirtschaft Der Republik Belarus Wei Ru Land
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Wissenschaft Und Technik In Der Wirtschaft Der Republik Belarus Wei Ru Land
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Author :
language : de
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Wissenschaft Und Technik In Der Wirtschaft Der Republik Belarus Wei Ru Land written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with categories.
Postcommunist Belarus
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Author : Stephen White
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2005
Postcommunist Belarus written by Stephen White and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with History categories.
Belarus is one of the least studied European states to emerge from the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. In fact, few Western specialists paid much attention to its affairs during the Soviet era. Nevertheless, Belarus constitutes an important and sensitive border region between Russia and the western part of the continent. In Postcommunist Belarus, a stellar group of contributors examines the issues and the search for identity that Belarus has confronted in the period leading up to and following independence. The country is run in an authoritarian fashion by President Alexander Lukashenko and many observers, both inside and outside Belarus, would use the term "dictatorship" to describe his rule. Belarusian authorities prefer to emphasize the strong support of the people for the president and his cautious approach to economic reform. It seems unlikely that the country can hold out permanently against the wider pressures of democratization and economic reform that are transforming its neighbors. The country's situation offers political scientists many facets for comparison with established models. Belarus is grappling with challenges that are conceptual and psychological as much as they are political, economic, and social. Through new research, the contributors to Postcommunist Belarus offer an important, coherent, and comparative perspective on this little-known country.
Bloodlands
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Author : Timothy Snyder
language : en
Publisher: Basic Books
Release Date : 2012-10-02
Bloodlands written by Timothy Snyder and has been published by Basic Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-02 with History categories.
From the author of the international bestseller On Tyranny, the definitive history of Hitler’s and Stalin’s politics of mass killing, explaining why Ukraine has been at the center of Western history for the last century. Americans call the Second World War “the Good War.” But before it even began, America’s ally Stalin had killed millions of his own citizens—and kept killing them during and after the war. Before Hitler was defeated, he had murdered six million Jews and nearly as many other Europeans. At war’s end, German and Soviet killing sites fell behind the Iron Curtain, leaving the history of mass killing in darkness. Assiduously researched, deeply humane, and utterly definitive, Bloodlands is a new kind of European history, presenting the mass murders committed by the Nazi and Stalinist regimes as two aspects of a single story. With a new afterword addressing the relevance of these events to the contemporary decline of democracy, Bloodlands is required reading for anyone seeking to understand the central tragedy of modern history and its meaning today.
Independent Belarus
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Author : Margarita Mercedes Balmaceda
language : en
Publisher: Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute
Release Date : 2002
Independent Belarus written by Margarita Mercedes Balmaceda and has been published by Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with History categories.
To discuss developments in Belarus, an international group of scholars and policymakers gathered at Harvard University in 1999. The broad spectrum of issues covered is examined in this volume, providing an understanding of Belarus today and its prospects for the future.
Republic Of Belarus
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Author : International Monetary Fund
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2003-04-30
Republic Of Belarus written by International Monetary Fund and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-04-30 with Business & Economics categories.
In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.
The World Factbook 2003
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Author : United States. Central Intelligence Agency
language : en
Publisher: Potomac Books
Release Date : 2003
The World Factbook 2003 written by United States. Central Intelligence Agency and has been published by Potomac Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Political Science categories.
By intelligence officials for intelligent people
Deutschland Polen Russland
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Author : Michał Dobroczyński
language : de
Publisher: Zentrum Fur Ostliche Studien
Release Date : 1996
Deutschland Polen Russland written by Michał Dobroczyński and has been published by Zentrum Fur Ostliche Studien this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Europe categories.
Enlargement Of The European Union
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Author : Allan F. Tatham
language : en
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Release Date : 2009-01-26
Enlargement Of The European Union written by Allan F. Tatham and has been published by Kluwer Law International B.V. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-26 with Law categories.
The development of EU enlargement has raised many thorny issues unanticipated by the framers of the EC Treaty. A significant upshot of these issues is that the concept of European identity – defined in terms of such factors as culture, history and economics – has supplanted the long-dominant theme of ‘widening and deepening,’ particularly since the Union’s expansion has become primarily eastward. The major contribution of this important book lies in its analysis of the conceptualization and perception of enlargement from various points of view, focusing on the concerns of stakeholders and the ‘identity’ conflicts and uncertainties incurred by enlargement initiatives. In the course of its presentation, it details the actual pre-accession Europeanization process and its complex history. Among the key elements discussed are the following: the conflict between ‘widening’ and ‘deepening’ and the effect on EU institutional reform; institutional requirements on candidate countries; pre-accession criteria and negotiations; administrative capacity, judicial capacity, and legal approximation in accession states; capacity of the EU to absorb new Member States; and EC law as part of European identity. Also covered are specific historical details of particular pre-accession negotiations (e.g., Greece, Spain, Portugal, Malta, and Cyprus), the still inconclusive negotiations with Turkey and the Western Balkan states, and political factors involved in the non-accession of Norway, Iceland and Switzerland. Assembling powerful evidence and applying incisive analysis, the author’s conclusion shows that, absent further (and major) EU institutional reform, it will be difficult for an enlarging Union to continue to ‘deliver the goods.’ A watershed in the continuing great debate on the fulfilment of the EC Treaty’s determination to foster and promote ‘an ever closer union of the peoples of Europe,’ this book will prove invaluable to anybody interested in the European integration project, particularly lawyers, academics, officials and policymakers in the EU Member States.
Journal Of Soviet And Post Soviet Politics And Society
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Author : Julie Makarychev, Andrey Umland, Andreas Fedor
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2020-10-20
Journal Of Soviet And Post Soviet Politics And Society written by Julie Makarychev, Andrey Umland, Andreas Fedor and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-20 with History categories.
Special Sections: Russian Foreign Policy Towards the “Near Abroad” and Russia's Annexiation of Crimea II This special section deals with Russia’s post-Maidan foreign policy towards the so-called “near abroad,” or the former Soviet states. This is an important and timely topic, as Russia’s policy perspectives have changed dramatically since 2013/2014, as have those of its neighbors. The Kremlin today is paradoxically following an aggressive “realist” agenda that seeks to clearly delineate its sphere of influence in Europe and Eurasia while simultaneously attempting to promote “soft-power” and a historical-civilizational justification for its recent actions in Ukraine (and elsewhere). The result is an often perplexing amalgam of policy positions that are difficult to disentangle. The contributors to this special issue are all regional specialists based either in Europe or the United States.
Nigeria
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Author : International Monetary Fund
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2005-12-19
Nigeria written by International Monetary Fund and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-12-19 with Business & Economics categories.
This Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper for Nigeria highlights the National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS). NEEDS gives special support to agriculture, industry, small and medium-scale enterprises, and oil and gas. Under the plan, the government will seek long-term capital for investment. Trade policy will be modified to unburden business of the red tape and complex procedures that hinder it from flourishing. NEEDS envisages forging stronger links between educational institutions and industry to stimulate rapid industrial growth and efficient exploitation of resources.