Wu Jing Qi Shu Hui Jie
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Wu Jing Qi Shu Hui Jie
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Author :
language : zh-CN
Publisher:
Release Date :
Wu Jing Qi Shu Hui Jie written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Military art and science categories.
Wu Jing Qi Shu
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Author : Zhao Wang
language : zh-CN
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Wu Jing Qi Shu written by Zhao Wang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Military art and science categories.
Wu Jing Qi Shu Zhu Yi
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Author :
language : zh-CN
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Wu Jing Qi Shu Zhu Yi written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with categories.
Wu Jing Qi Shu Zhu Yi
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Author :
language : zh-CN
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
Wu Jing Qi Shu Zhu Yi written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with categories.
Huang Qing Zhao Wu Jing Hui Jie Er Bai Qi Shi Juan
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Author :
language : zh-CN
Publisher:
Release Date : 1888
Huang Qing Zhao Wu Jing Hui Jie Er Bai Qi Shi Juan written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1888 with categories.
Cultural Realism
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Author : Alastair Iain Johnston
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2020-05-05
Cultural Realism written by Alastair Iain Johnston and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-05 with History categories.
Cultural Realism is an in-depth study of premodern Chinese strategic thought that has important implications for contemporary international relations theory. In applying a Western theoretical debate to China, Iain Johnston advances rigorous procedures for testing for the existence and influence of "strategic culture." Johnston sets out to answer two empirical questions. Is there a substantively consistent and temporally persistent Chinese strategic culture? If so, to what extent has it influenced China's approaches to security? The focus of his study is the Ming dynasty's grand strategy against the Mongols (1368-1644). First Johnston examines ancient military texts as sources of Chinese strategic culture, using cognitive mapping, symbolic analysis and congruence tests to determine whether there is a consistent grand strategic preference ranking across texts that constitutes a single strategic culture. Then he applies similar techniques to determine the effect of the strategic culture on the strategic preferences of the Ming decision makers. Finally, he assesses the effect of these preferences on Ming policies towards the Mongol "threat." The findings of this book challenge dominant interpretations of traditional Chinese strategic thought. They suggest also that the roots of realpolitik are ideational and not predominantly structural. The results lead to the surprising conclusion that there may be, in fact, fewer cross-national differences in strategic culture than proponents of the "strategic culture" approach think.
Military History Of The Qing Dynasty
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Author : Li Shi
language : en
Publisher: DeepLogic
Release Date :
Military History Of The Qing Dynasty written by Li Shi and has been published by DeepLogic this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with History categories.
The book is the volume of “Military History of the Qing Dynasty” among a series of books of “Deep into China Histories”. The earliest known written records of the history of China date from as early as 1250 BC, from the Shang dynasty (c. 1600–1046 BC) and the Bamboo Annals (296 BC) describe a Xia dynasty (c. 2070–1600 BC) before the Shang, but no writing is known from the period The Shang ruled in the Yellow River valley, which is commonly held to be the cradle of Chinese civilization. However, Neolithic civilizations originated at various cultural centers along both the Yellow River and Yangtze River. These Yellow River and Yangtze civilizations arose millennia before the Shang. With thousands of years of continuous history, China is one of the world's oldest civilizations, and is regarded as one of the cradles of civilization.The Zhou dynasty (1046–256 BC) supplanted the Shang and introduced the concept of the Mandate of Heaven to justify their rule. The central Zhou government began to weaken due to external and internal pressures in the 8th century BC, and the country eventually splintered into smaller states during the Spring and Autumn period. These states became independent and warred with one another in the following Warring States period. Much of traditional Chinese culture, literature and philosophy first developed during those troubled times.In 221 BC Qin Shi Huang conquered the various warring states and created for himself the title of Huangdi or "emperor" of the Qin, marking the beginning of imperial China. However, the oppressive government fell soon after his death, and was supplanted by the longer-lived Han dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD). Successive dynasties developed bureaucratic systems that enabled the emperor to control vast territories directly. In the 21 centuries from 206 BC until AD 1912, routine administrative tasks were handled by a special elite of scholar-officials. Young men, well-versed in calligraphy, history, literature, and philosophy, were carefully selected through difficult government examinations. China's last dynasty was the Qing (1644–1912), which was replaced by the Republic of China in 1912, and in the mainland by the People's Republic of China in 1949.Chinese history has alternated between periods of political unity and peace, and periods of war and failed statehood – the most recent being the Chinese Civil War (1927–1949). China was occasionally dominated by steppe peoples, most of whom were eventually assimilated into the Han Chinese culture and population. Between eras of multiple kingdoms and warlordism, Chinese dynasties have ruled parts or all of China; in some eras control stretched as far as Xinjiang and Tibet, as at present. Traditional culture, and influences from other parts of Asia and the Western world (carried by waves of immigration, cultural assimilation, expansion, and foreign contact), form the basis of the modern culture of China.
Honor And Shame In Early China
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Author : Mark Edward Lewis
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2020-12-10
Honor And Shame In Early China written by Mark Edward Lewis and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-10 with History categories.
Lewis sheds new light on the early Chinese empires through an ambitious examination of evolving ideas about honor and shame.
The Early Chinese Empires
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Author : Mark Edward Lewis
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2010-10-30
The Early Chinese Empires written by Mark Edward Lewis and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-10-30 with History categories.
In 221 BC, the First Emperor of Qin unified the lands that would become the heart of a Chinese empire. Though forged by conquest, this vast domain depended for its political survival on a fundamental reshaping of Chinese culture. With this informative book, we are present at the creation of an ancient imperial order whose major features would endure for two millennia. The Qin and Han constitute the “classical period” of Chinese history—a role played by the Greeks and Romans in the West. Mark Edward Lewis highlights the key challenges faced by the court officials and scholars who set about governing an empire of such scale and diversity of peoples. He traces the drastic measures taken to transcend, without eliminating, these regional differences: the invention of the emperor as the divine embodiment of the state; the establishment of a common script for communication and a state-sponsored canon for the propagation of Confucian ideals; the flourishing of the great families, whose domination of local society rested on wealth, landholding, and elaborate kinship structures; the demilitarization of the interior; and the impact of non-Chinese warrior-nomads in setting the boundaries of an emerging Chinese identity. The first of a six-volume series on the history of imperial China, The Early Chinese Empires illuminates many formative events in China’s long history of imperialism—events whose residual influence can still be discerned today.
Min Guo Guo Shu Qi Kan Wen Xian Ji Cheng
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Author :
language : zh-CN
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Min Guo Guo Shu Qi Kan Wen Xian Ji Cheng written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.