Zoonotic Negative Sense Rna Viruses
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Zoonotic Negative Sense Rna Viruses
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Author : Jasmina M. Luczo
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2024-03-08
Zoonotic Negative Sense Rna Viruses written by Jasmina M. Luczo and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03-08 with Medical categories.
Zoonotic viruses continue to pose a serious risk to human and animal health. Of these, negative-sense RNA viruses are recognized as a major threat, being the causative agent of numerous epornitics, epidemics and pandemics. Moreover, the World Health Organization lists numerous negative-sense RNA viruses as priority pathogens of concern due to their pandemic potential and/or lack of adequate countermeasures. Negative-sense RNA viruses such as highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, Hendra and Nipah viruses, Ebola virus, and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, can cause severe disease and devastating infection outcomes in human and animal hosts. Peering through a one health lens, it is crucial to understand infection dynamics in relevant hosts to understand factors that contribute to the emergence, spill over, and disease severity of novel, negative-sense zoonotic RNA viruses.
Global Perspectives On The Transmission Of Zoonotic Rna Viruses From Wild Animal Species To Humans
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Author : Jayashree Seema Nandi
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2023-05-25
Global Perspectives On The Transmission Of Zoonotic Rna Viruses From Wild Animal Species To Humans written by Jayashree Seema Nandi and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-05-25 with Science categories.
Global Perspectives of the Transmission of Zoonotic RNA Viruses from Wild Animal Species to Humans: Zoonotic, Epizootic, and Anthropogenic Transmission Viral Pathogens elaborates on the current knowledge surrounding the transmission of zoonotic RNA viruses from different wild animal species to humans, including updates on the reverse transmission of pathogens to humans across the globe, with coverage of rodents, pigs, birds and primates. This reference goes beyond the phenomena occurring in African and American regions to provide further study of zoonotic pathogens from the entire world, including various parts of Asia such as India. The book comprehensively covers new knowledge on many diverse wild primate species for a global perspective on the phenomena of cross-species transmissions of pathogenic RNA viruses. Against the backdrop of the current global Covid-19 pandemic, this reference helps solve the problem of incomplete knowledge on global epidemiology of zoonotic RNA viruses. RNA viruses have pandemic, epidemic and epizootic potentials caused by Influenza viruses, Avian Influenza viruses, and other infectious viruses. Provides global coverage of the transmission of zoonotic infectious RNA viruses with epidemic and pandemic potentials in natural settings, with a new focus on India which is largely overlooked Provides data related to the transmission of different zoonotic RNA viruses, SIVs, SFVs and Influenza viruses in India Delivers background information on related RNA viruses like SARS, SRASCoV2, HIV-1, HIV-2, restriction factors, endogenous retroviruses and lentiviruses and other environmental data which is relevant for a comprehensive understanding of zoonotic events across the world
Embracing Randomness
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Author : Katarina Marie Braun
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Embracing Randomness written by Katarina Marie Braun and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
Pathogenic RNA viruses emerging from zoonotic reservoirs are among the highest threats for global infectious disease control. Every single major epidemic or pandemic in the 21st century has resulted from an emerging or re-emerging zoonotic RNA virus. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome virus 1 (SARS-CoV) emerged in 2003, a novel pandemic H1N1 influenza virus in 2009, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome virus (MERS-CoV) in 2012 and 2015, Ebola in 2014, Zika virus in 2015, Yellow fever virus in 2016, and SARS-CoV-2 in 2019. It is clear the primary drivers of the emergence of these zoonotic RNA viruses are increasing globalization, habitat fragmentation, and encroachment of a continuously growing human population into wildlife habitats 1. It is notable that this increased interaction between humans and animals likely increases the risk of interspecies transmission among a large number of potential pathogens, yet RNA viruses are the dominant source of emerging human pathogens 2. The capacity for RNA viruses to rapidly adapt to new host environments and to respond to shifting selective pressures is not completely understood. Current dogma suggests this trait is tied to short generation times and high mutation rates resulting from error-prone viral replication. RNA virus mutability creates diverse viral populations which are more capable than homogenous populations of adapting to new hosts and host environments 3. However, the generation of viral variation is only the first step. Individual mutations that confer fitness benefits in particular environments must then increase in frequency and/or make their way out of individual hosts and into populations. This stage presents several obstacles that the virus must overcome and is therefore likely to be rate-limiting for the overall pace of viral evolution and host-switching. The first three chapters (chapters 2-4) of this dissertation focus on investigating the evolutionary processes by which zoonotic RNA viruses adapt to mammalian hosts. The results of this work call attention to several significant obstacles that zoonotic RNA viruses must overcome in order to successfully and efficiently emerge in and adapt to human hosts. I suggest these obstacles all derive from the effects of randomness on viral systems. The cumulative impact of these obstacles has critical implications in assessing the pandemic potential of viruses that have already caused human epidemics, like avian influenza viruses, and the adaptive potential of the current pandemic virus, SARS-CoV-2. The final two chapters (chapters 5-6) of this dissertation discuss our work combining principles of viral evolution with epidemiology and population health to investigate the early patterns of SARS-CoV-2 spread in the state of Wisconsin. Taken together, this work suggests the effects of randomness on viral populations within and between individual hosts are a previously underappreciated brake to the pace of viral adaptation and host-switching for influenza A virus (IAV) and SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, this work underscores the value of genomic epidemiology early in a pandemic to understand patterns of viral transmission in different populations and to assess the impact of public health guidelines and interventions on a rolling basis.
Molecular Virology
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Author : Susanne Modrow
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-09-18
Molecular Virology written by Susanne Modrow and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-18 with Science categories.
The book gives a comprehensive overview on the knowledge of virus infection relevant for humans and animals. For each virus family the molecular details of the virus particle and the viral replication cycle are described. In the case of virus types with relevance for human and/or animal health the data on molecular biology, genetics and virus-cell interaction are combined with those concerning, pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinics, prevention and therapy.
Viruses And Human Disease
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Author : Ellen G. Strauss
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2007-09-21
Viruses And Human Disease written by Ellen G. Strauss and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-09-21 with Medical categories.
Completely revised and updated, the new edition of this groundbreaking text integrates basic virology with pathophysiological conditions to examine the connection between virology and human disease. Most virology textbooks focus on the molecular biology involved without adequate reference to physiology. This text focuses on viruses that infect humans, domestic animals and vertebrates and is based on extensive course notes from James Strauss’ virology class at the California Institute of Technology taught for over 30 years. Expertly depicting in color the molecular structure and replication of each virus, it provides an excellent overview for students and professionals interested in viruses as agents of human disease. Includes over 30% new material - virtually all of the figures and tables have been redrawn to include the latest information and the text has been extensively rewritten to include the most up-to-date information Includes a new chapter on emerging and reemerging viral diseases such as avian flu, SARS, the spread of West Nile virus across America, and the continuing spread of Nipah virus in Southeast Asia Further reading sections at the end of each chapter make it easy find key references World maps depicting the current distribution of existing and newly emerging viruses are also incorporated into the text
Blue Marble Health
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Author : Peter J. Hotez
language : en
Publisher: JHU Press
Release Date : 2016-09
Blue Marble Health written by Peter J. Hotez and has been published by JHU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09 with Law categories.
Why do diseases of poverty afflict more people in wealthy countries than in the developing world? In 2011, Dr. Peter J. Hotez relocated to Houston to launch Baylor’s National School of Tropical Medicine. He was shocked to discover that a number of neglected diseases often associated with developing countries were widespread in impoverished Texas communities. Despite the United States’ economic prowess and first-world status, an estimated 12 million Americans living at the poverty level currently suffer from at least one neglected tropical disease, or NTD. Hotez concluded that the world’s neglected diseases—which include tuberculosis, hookworm infection, lymphatic filariasis, Chagas disease, and leishmaniasis—are born first and foremost of extreme poverty. In this book, Hotez describes a new global paradigm known as “blue marble health,” through which he asserts that poor people living in wealthy countries account for most of the world’s poverty-related illness. He explores the current state of neglected diseases in such disparate countries as Mexico, South Korea, Argentina, Australia, the United States, Japan, and Nigeria. By crafting public policy and relying on global partnerships to control or eliminate some of the world’s worst poverty-related illnesses, Hotez believes, it is possible to eliminate life-threatening disease while at the same time creating unprecedented opportunities for science and diplomacy. Clear, compassionate, and timely, Blue Marble Health is a must-read for leaders in global health, tropical medicine, and international development, along with anyone committed to helping the millions of people who are caught in the desperate cycle of poverty and disease.
The Emergence Of Zoonotic Diseases
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2002-04-09
The Emergence Of Zoonotic Diseases written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-04-09 with Medical categories.
Zoonotic diseases represent one of the leading causes of illness and death from infectious disease. Defined by the World Health Organization, zoonoses are "those diseases and infections that are naturally transmitted between vertebrate animals and man with or without an arthropod intermediate." Worldwide, zoonotic diseases have a negative impact on commerce, travel, and economies. In most developing countries, zoonotic diseases are among those diseases that contribute significantly to an already overly burdened public health system. In industrialized nations, zoonotic diseases are of particular concern for at-risk groups such as the elderly, children, childbearing women, and immunocompromised individuals. The Emergence of Zoonotic Diseases: Understanding the Impact on Animal and Human Health, covers a range of topics, which include: an evaluation of the relative importance of zoonotic diseases against the overall backdrop of emerging infections; research findings related to the current state of our understanding of zoonotic diseases; surveillance and response strategies to detect, prevent, and mitigate the impact of zoonotic diseases on human health; and information about ongoing programs and actions being taken to identify the most important needs in this vital area.
Structural Virology
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Author : Mavis Agbandje-McKenna
language : en
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Release Date : 2010-11-11
Structural Virology written by Mavis Agbandje-McKenna and has been published by Royal Society of Chemistry this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-11-11 with Medical categories.
Over the last ten years, much effort has been devoted to improving the biophysical techniques used in the study of viruses. This has resulted in the visualization of these large macromolecular assemblages at atomic level, thus providing the platform for functional interpretation and therapeutic design. Structural Virology covers a wide range of topics and is split into three sections. The first discusses the vast biophysical methodologies used in structural virology, including sample production and purification, confocal microscopy, mass spectrometry, negative-stain and cryo-electron microscopy, X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The second discusses the role of virus capsid protein structures in determining the functional roles required for receptor recognition, cellular entry, capsid assembly, genome packaging and mechanisms of host immune system evasion. The last section discusses therapeutic strategies based on virus protein structures, including the design of antiviral drugs and the development of viral capsids as vehicles for foreign gene delivery. Each topic covered will begin with a review of the current literature followed by a more detailed discussion of experimental procedures, a step in the viral life cycle, or strategies for therapeutic development. With contributions from experts in the field of structural biology and virology this exceptional monograph will appeal to biomedical scientists involved in basic and /or applied research on viruses. It also provides up-to-date reference material for students entering the field of structural virology as well as scientists already familiar with the area.
Bats In The Anthropocene Conservation Of Bats In A Changing World
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Author : Christian C. Voigt
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-12-07
Bats In The Anthropocene Conservation Of Bats In A Changing World written by Christian C. Voigt and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-07 with Nature categories.
This book focuses on central themes related to the conservation of bats. It details their response to land-use change and management practices, intensified urbanization and roost disturbance and loss. Increasing interactions between humans and bats as a result of hunting, disease relationships, occupation of human dwellings, and conflict over fruit crops are explored in depth. Finally, contributors highlight the roles that taxonomy, conservation networks and conservation psychology have to play in conserving this imperilled but vital taxon. With over 1300 species, bats are the second largest order of mammals, yet as the Anthropocene dawns, bat populations around the world are in decline. Greater understanding of the anthropogenic drivers of this decline and exploration of possible mitigation measures are urgently needed if we are to retain global bat diversity in the coming decades. This book brings together teams of international experts to provide a global review of current understanding and recommend directions for future research and mitigation.
Tropical Medicine Notebook
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Author : Philippa C. Matthews
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2017-07-13
Tropical Medicine Notebook written by Philippa C. Matthews and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-13 with Medical categories.
The Tropical Medicine Notebook is a new concept in providing a concise overview of the key topics in tropical medicine, using short notes, diagrams, maps, and tables to present the material in an accessible, engaging, memorable, and interesting way. The format is generally a page per topic, with division of each page into subsections by boxes to make it easy to find the relevant information. Cross-referencing is provided to allow quick linking between relevant sections of the book. Providing the key information in bite-size chunks, the Tropical Medicine Notebook is a useful companion to more comprehensive texts. Divided into eight sections; the first five cover infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa and helminths, followed by a further three which present the topics of vector biology, disease syndromes and envenomation. Where relevant, the section is prefaced by a classification system to provide a logical overview, helping with assimilation of information and highlighting important relationships between organisms. It is an ideal learning and revision guide for students or trainees in infection, microbiology, and tropical medicine, as well as being a useful reference resource for healthcare and laboratory staff across the wide range of disciplines to which infection may present.