2d Gravity In Non Critical Strings
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2d Gravity In Non Critical Strings
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Author : E. Abdalla
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-10-04
2d Gravity In Non Critical Strings written by E. Abdalla and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-10-04 with Science categories.
A comprehensive survey of the use of the Liouville (and super-Liouville) equation in (super)string theory outside the critical dimension, and of the complementary approach based on the discretized space-time - known as the matrix model approach. The authors pay particular attention to supersymmetry, both in the continuum formulation and through the consideration of the super-eigenvalue problem. The methods presented here are important in a large number of complex problems, e.g. random surfaces, 2-D gravity and large-N quantum chromodynamics, and this comparitive study of the different methods permits a cross-evaluation of the results when both methods are valid, combined with new predictions when only one of the methods may be applied.
2d Gravity In Non Critical Strings
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Author : Elcio Abdalla
language : en
Publisher: Springer Verlag
Release Date : 1994
2d Gravity In Non Critical Strings written by Elcio Abdalla and has been published by Springer Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Science categories.
Applications Of Random Matrices In Physics
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Author : Édouard Brezin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-07-03
Applications Of Random Matrices In Physics written by Édouard Brezin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-07-03 with Science categories.
Random matrices are widely and successfully used in physics for almost 60-70 years, beginning with the works of Dyson and Wigner. Although it is an old subject, it is constantly developing into new areas of physics and mathematics. It constitutes now a part of the general culture of a theoretical physicist. Mathematical methods inspired by random matrix theory become more powerful, sophisticated and enjoy rapidly growing applications in physics. Recent examples include the calculation of universal correlations in the mesoscopic system, new applications in disordered and quantum chaotic systems, in combinatorial and growth models, as well as the recent breakthrough, due to the matrix models, in two dimensional gravity and string theory and the non-abelian gauge theories. The book consists of the lectures of the leading specialists and covers rather systematically many of these topics. It can be useful to the specialists in various subjects using random matrices, from PhD students to confirmed scientists.
From Instability To Intelligence
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Author : Michail Zak
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-12-11
From Instability To Intelligence written by Michail Zak and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-11 with Science categories.
So far as the laws of mathematics refer to reality, they are not certain. And so far as they are certain, they do not refer to reality. -A. Einstein The word "instability" in day-to-day language is associated with some thing going wrong or being abnormal: exponential growth of cancer cells, irrational behavior of a patient, collapse of a structure, etc. This book, however, is about "good" instabilities, which lead to change, evolution, progress, creativity, and intelligence; they explain the paradox of irreversi bility in thermodynamics, the phenomena of chaos and turbulence in clas sical mechanics, and non-deterministic (multi-choice) behavior in biological and social systems. The concept of instability is an attribute of dynamical models that de scribe change in time of physical parameters, biological or social events, etc. Each dynamical model has a certain sensitivity to small changes or "errors" in initial values of its variables. These errors may grow in time, and if such growth is of an exponential rate, the behavior of the variable is defined as unstable. However, the overall effect of an unstable variable upon the dynamical system is not necessarily destructive. Indeed, there al ways exists such a group of variables that do not contribute to the energy of the system. In mechanics such variables are called ignorable or cyclic.
The Geometry Of Dynamical Triangulations
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Author : Jan Ambjorn
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1997-09-18
The Geometry Of Dynamical Triangulations written by Jan Ambjorn and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-09-18 with Computers categories.
This book analyses in depth the geometrical aspects of the simplicial quantum gravity model known as the dynamical triangulations approach. The authors provide a compact and convenient account suitable both to introduce the non-expert reader to the spirit of the subject and to provide a well-chosen mathematical route to the heart of the matter for the expert. The techniques described in the book are novel and allow points of current interest in the subject of simplicial quantum gravity to be addressed. The authors discuss piecewise linear manifolds and give entropy estimates of the number of triangulations of 3- and 4-manifolds. Continuum physics is recovered through scaling limits and computer simulation is used to study simplicial quantum gravity extensively. The beginner will appreciate the introduction to the field and the expert the comprehensive account of recent results and developments.
Operational Quantum Physics
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Author : Paul Busch
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-01-29
Operational Quantum Physics written by Paul Busch and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-29 with Science categories.
Operational Quantum Physics offers a systematic presentation of quantum mechanics which makes exhaustive use of the full probabilistic structure of this theory. Accordingly the notion of an observable as a positive operator valued (POV) measure is explained in great detail, and the ensuing quantum measurement theory is developed and applied both to a resolution of long-standing conceptual and interpretational puzzles in the foundations of quantum mechanics, and to an analysis of various recent fundamental experiments. The book, or different parts of it, may be of interest to advanced students or researchers in quantum physics, to philosophers of physics, and to mathematicians working in operator valued measures.
Oscillator Representation In Quantum Physics
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Author : M. Dineykhan
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-12-16
Oscillator Representation In Quantum Physics written by M. Dineykhan and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-16 with Science categories.
The investigation ofmost problems of quantum physics leads to the solution of the Schrodinger equation with an appropriate interaction Hamiltonian or potential. However, the exact solutions are known for rather a restricted set of potentials, so that the standard eternal problem that faces us is to find the best effective approximation to the exact solution of the Schrodinger equation under consideration. In the most general form, this problem can be formulated as follows. Let a total Hamiltonian H describing a relativistic (quantum field theory) or a nonrelativistic (quantum mechanics) system be given. Our problem is to solve the Schrodinger equation Hlft = Enlftn, n i. e. , to find the energy spectrum {En} and the proper wave functions {lft } n including the'ground state or vacuum lft = 10). The main idea of any ap o proximation technique is to find a decomposition in such a way that Ha describes our physical system in the "closest to H" manner, and the Schrodinger equation HolJt. (O) = E(O)lJt. (O) n n n can be solved exactly. The interaction Hamiltonian HI is supposed to give small corrections to the zero approximation which can be calculated. In this book, we shall consider the problem of a strong coupling regime in quantum field theory, calculations ofpath or functional integrals over the Gaussian measure and spectral problems in quantum mechanics. Let us con sider these problems briefly.
X Ray Spectroscopy In Astrophysics
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Author : Jan van Paradijs
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1999-02-17
X Ray Spectroscopy In Astrophysics written by Jan van Paradijs and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-02-17 with Science categories.
This volume contains a comprehensive treatment of X-ray spectroscopy, as applied in astrophysics. It is presented in the form of extensive notes of lectures given by seven distinguished scientists at the Tenth Summer School of the European Astrophysics Doctoral Network. The subjects covered are: basic line and continuum radiation processes in X-ray and gamma-ray astronomy; atomic physics of collision- and radiation-dominated plasmas; X-ray spectroscopic observations with ASCA and BeppoSAX; future X-ray spectroscopy missions; X-ray optics, and X-ray spectroscopy instrumentation. The book, which will appeal to both researchers and graduate students, is timely in view of the scheduled launches of the big X-ray observatories AXAF and XMM in 1999.
Quantum Triangulations
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Author : Mauro Carfora
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-01-14
Quantum Triangulations written by Mauro Carfora and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-14 with Science categories.
Research on polyhedral manifolds often points to unexpected connections between very distinct aspects of Mathematics and Physics. In particular triangulated manifolds play quite a distinguished role in such settings as Riemann moduli space theory, strings and quantum gravity, topological quantum field theory, condensed matter physics, and critical phenomena. Not only do they provide a natural discrete analogue to the smooth manifolds on which physical theories are typically formulated, but their appearance is rather often a consequence of an underlying structure which naturally calls into play non-trivial aspects of representation theory, of complex analysis and topology in a way which makes manifest the basic geometric structures of the physical interactions involved. Yet, in most of the existing literature, triangulated manifolds are still merely viewed as a convenient discretization of a given physical theory to make it more amenable for numerical treatment. The motivation for these lectures notes is thus to provide an approachable introduction to this topic, emphasizing the conceptual aspects, and probing, through a set of cases studies, the connection between triangulated manifolds and quantum physics to the deepest. This volume addresses applied mathematicians and theoretical physicists working in the field of quantum geometry and its applications.
A Perspective Look At Nonlinear Media
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Author : Jürgen Parisi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1998-02-26
A Perspective Look At Nonlinear Media written by Jürgen Parisi and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-02-26 with Science categories.
Concepts of nonlinear physics are applied to an increasing number of research disciplines. With this volume, the editors offer a selection of articles on nonlinear topics in progress, ranging from physics and chemistry to biology and some applications of social science. The book covers quantum optics, electron crystallization, cellular or flow patterns in fluids and in granular media, biological systems, and the control of brain structures via neuronal excitation. Chemical patterns are looked at both in bulk solutions and on surfaces in heterogeneous systems. From regular structures, the authors turn to the more complex behavior in biology and physics, such as hydrodynamical turbulence, low-dimensional dynamics in solid-state physics, and gravity.