A Comparative Typology Of English And German
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A Comparative Typology Of English And German
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Author : John A. Hawkins
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-07-03
A Comparative Typology Of English And German written by John A. Hawkins and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-03 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
First published in 1986, this book draws together analyses of English and German. It defines the contrasts and similarities between the two languages and, in particular, looks at the question of whether contrasts in one area of the grammar is systematically related to contrasts in another, and whether there is any ‘directionality’ or unity to contrast throughout grammar as a whole. It is suggested that there is, and that English and German can serve as a case study for a more general typology of languages than we now have. This volume will be of interest to a wide range of linguists, including students of Germanic languages; language typologists; generative grammarians attempting to ‘fix the parameters’ on language variation;’ historical linguists; and applied linguists.
Basic Structural Differences Within A Linguistic Comparison Of English And German Grammar
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Author : Theresa Schmidt
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2010-03-01
Basic Structural Differences Within A Linguistic Comparison Of English And German Grammar written by Theresa Schmidt and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03-01 with Literary Collections categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Comparative Literature, grade: 1,7, http://www.uni-jena.de/ (Institut für Anglistik/Amerikanistik), course: HpS Contrastive Linguistics , language: English, abstract: Introduction Since German and English both belong to the same family of languages, i.e. West Germanic, they are - at least, from an historical point of view - closely related languages. By investigating their respective grammatical structures it is to be discussed whether the existing structural contrasts between English and German grammar are related as well. Within this paper the most general and basic of the occurring differences will be summarised and analysed by taking John Hawkins’ A Comparative Typology of English and German. Unifying the Contrasts as a basic source. Hawkins argues that where German and English contrast the latter tends to show less correspondence between form and meaning. This is due to his central hypothesis which says that it is possible to establish general principles which unite the major contrasts between both languages (cf. 4). Hawkins assumes that the differences within the grammatical structures are not accidental ones; they are rather systematic and can be traced back to one “ultimate trigger “ (5) in the history of the English language - phonological changes which caused all further structural differences as either direct or indirect consequences of this process (cf. 5-7). The attempt of this paper is to draw conclusions from this knowledge of the common historical background and apply it to the modern “versions” of the German and English language and the major patterns of variation. To get a descriptive and lucid image of the contrasts between the two languages, we first start on the level of individual words by considering their morphological structure, i.e. we will examine the inflection of the verb and the case marking of noun phrases. This will lead us directly to questions concerning word order and basic grammatical relations on the syntactical level. Finally, a short analysis of verb-first-structures in English and German will round off the discussion.
Cross Linguistic Variation In System And Text
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Author : Elke Teich
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 2012-02-13
Cross Linguistic Variation In System And Text written by Elke Teich and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-13 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The intuition that translations are somehow different from texts that are not translations has been around for many years, but most of the common linguistic frameworks are not comprehensive enough to account for the wealth and complexity of linguistic phenomena that make a translation a special kind of text. The present book provides a novel methodology for investigating the specific linguistic properties of translations. As this methodology is both corpus-based and driven by a functional theory of language, it is powerful enough to account for the multi-dimensional nature of cross-linguistic variation in translations and cross-lingually comparable texts.
A Short Comparative Grammar Of English And German
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Author : Victor Henry
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1894
A Short Comparative Grammar Of English And German written by Victor Henry and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1894 with English language categories.
Word Order Typology And Comparative Constructions
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Author : Paul Kent Andersen
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 1983
Word Order Typology And Comparative Constructions written by Paul Kent Andersen and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This monograph, discussing various aspects involved with a typology of word order, strives to take a next step towards a better understanding of the profound unity underlying languages. The volume is divided into five sections: 1) Word order typology; 2) A critical analysis of word order typology; 3) Word order within comparative constructions; 4) Word order in the comparative construction in the Rigveda; 5) Diachronic aspects of word order withing comparative constructions.
A Comparative English German Grammar Based On The Affinity Of The Two Languages
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Author : Elias Peissner
language : de
Publisher:
Release Date : 1853
A Comparative English German Grammar Based On The Affinity Of The Two Languages written by Elias Peissner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1853 with German language categories.
A Comparative Dictionary Of The German And English Languages
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Author : H. Berthold
language : de
Publisher:
Release Date : 1830
A Comparative Dictionary Of The German And English Languages written by H. Berthold and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1830 with English language categories.
Inflectional And Derivational Morphology
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Author : Julia Schönmann
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2014-05-16
Inflectional And Derivational Morphology written by Julia Schönmann and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-16 with Literary Collections categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,7, University of Heidelberg (Institut für Übersetzen und Dolmetschen), language: English, abstract: Generally, Kortmann defines Contrastive Linguistics as the parallel comparison of two languages concerning their language parameters. According to him, it is especially important to identify separate bundles with structural differences and find the relation between them, the so-called “Kontrastbündel” (contrast bundles). Each one of these bundles can be deduced from the construction plan of the contrastive language. In this regard, Kortmann starts his analysis by comparing his purpose of Contrastive Linguistics to its original use. He refers to the fact that in the early 40s till 60s these language differences were considered the reason for the problems occurring when learning a foreign language. Hence, Contrastive Linguistics was primarily important for pedagogical use. The systematic comparison of two languages was supposed to improve the learner’s and teacher’s understanding of the foreign language by for example predicting mistakes often made. In this context, Kortmann sees the previously mentioned Contrastive Hypothesis from Lado as a good explanation for the main factors which trigger contrasts. The Contrastive Hypothesis indicates that similarities between the native language (L1) and the foreign language (L2) lead to an easy and fast learning process whereas differences lead to difficulties and are the main reason for making mistakes. Thus, the basic idea of the Contrastive Hypothesis is the transfer of the characteristics of the native language to the foreign language. Depending on whether this transfer promotes or represses the learning process, it is considered a positive or negative transfer. A negative transfer is also referred to as interference. The most important types of interference are substitution (1), over-differentiation, under-differentiation, over-representation and under-representation (2). Here, Kortmann comments that according to this basic assumption of Contrastive Linguistics only substitution, over-differentiation and under-differentiation can trigger mistakes.
Focus On Germanic Typology
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Author : Werner Abraham
language : de
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2014-11-04
Focus On Germanic Typology written by Werner Abraham and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-04 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Aus dem Inhalt: Werner Abraham und Gert Webelhuth Words of dedication for Hartmut Czepluch Werner Abraham Introduction John H. McWhorter What happened to English? Halldór Ármann Sigurdsson Agree and Agreement - Evidence from Germanic Jóhanna Barddal The semantics of the impersonal construction in Icelandic, German and Faroese: beyond thematic roles Cedric Boeckx und Kleanthes K. Grohmann Left dislocation in Germanic Jac C. Conradie Verb sequence and placement: Afrikaans and Dutch compared Hartmut Czepluch ((Sterbezeichen)) Reflections on the form and function of passives in English and German Molly Diesing The upper functional domain in Yiddish Bridget Drinka Präteritumschwund: evidence for areal difussion Werner Abraham The European demise of the simple past and the emergence of the periphrastic perfect: Areal diffusion or natural, autonomous evolution under parsing facilitation? László Molnárfi Some remarks on the formal typology of pronouns in West Germanic Rolf Thieroff The subjunctive mood in German and in the Germanic languages
A Comparative Dictionary Of The German And English Languages
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Author : Henry Berthold
language : en
Publisher: Legare Street Press
Release Date : 2023-07-18
A Comparative Dictionary Of The German And English Languages written by Henry Berthold and has been published by Legare Street Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-18 with categories.
This comprehensive dictionary provides an essential resource for students, scholars, and translators of German and English. The dictionary includes over 90,000 entries, with detailed definitions, conjugations, and examples of usage. This book is an essential resource for linguists, language teachers, and anyone looking to improve their command of the German and English languages. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.