A Country Merchant 1495 1520
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A Country Merchant 1495 1520
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Author : Christopher Dyer
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2012-05-17
A Country Merchant 1495 1520 written by Christopher Dyer and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-17 with History categories.
Around 1500 England's society and economy had reached a turning point. After a long period of slow change and even stagnation, an age of innovation and initiative was in motion, with enclosure, voyages of discovery, and new technologies. It was an age of fierce controversy, in which the government was fearful of beggars and wary of rebellions. The 'commonwealth' writers such as Thomas More were sharply critical of the greed of profit hungry landlords who dispossessed the poor. This book is about a wool merchant and large scale farmer who epitomises in many ways the spirit of the period. John Heritage kept an account book, from which we can reconstruct a whole society in the vicinity of Moreton-in-Marsh, Gloucestershire. He took part in the removal of a village which stood in the way of agricultural 'improvement', ran a large scale sheep farm, and as a 'woolman' spent much time travelling around the countryside meeting with gentry, farmers, and peasants in order to buy their wool. He sold the fleeces he produced and those he gathered to London merchants who exported through Calais to the textile towns of Flanders. The wool growers named in the book can be studied in their native villages, and their lives can be reconstructed in the round, interacting in their communities, adapting their farming to new circumstances, and arranging the building of their local churches. A Country Merchant has some of the characteristics of a biography, is part family history, and part local history, with some landscape history. Dyer explores themes in economic and social history without neglecting the religious and cultural background. His central concerns are to demonstrate the importance of commerce in the period, and to show the contribution of peasants to a changing economy.
A Country Merchant 1495 1520
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Author : Christopher Dyer
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand
Release Date : 2012-05-17
A Country Merchant 1495 1520 written by Christopher Dyer and has been published by Oxford University Press on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-17 with Business & Economics categories.
A major contribution to the economic and social history of a mysterious period, the years around 1500, using new evidence and methods of analysis. Presents a fresh and engaging view of history by highlighting an individual, John Heritage.
Peasants Making History
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Author : Christopher Dyer
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2022-06-02
Peasants Making History written by Christopher Dyer and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-02 with History categories.
Peasants have been despised, underrated, or disregarded in the past. Historians and archaeologists are now giving them a more positive assessment, and in Peasants Making History, Christopher Dyer sets a new agenda for this kind of study. Using as his example the peasants of the west midlands of England, Dyer examines peasant society in relation to their social superiors (their lords), their neighbours, and their households, and finds them making decisions and taking options to improve their lives. In their management of farming, both cultivation of fields and keeping of livestock, they made a series of modifications and some dramatic changes, not just reacting to shifts in circumstances but also devising creative initiatives. Peasants played an active role in the development of towns, both by migrating into urban settings, but also by trading actively in urban markets. Industry in the countryside was not imposed on the rural population, but often the result of peasant enterprise and flexibility. If we examine peasant attitudes and mentalities, we find them engaging in political life, making a major contribution to religion, recognizing the need to conserve the environment, and balancing the interests of individuals with those of the communities in which they lived. Many features of our world have medieval roots, and peasants played an important part in the development of the rural landscape, participation of ordinary people in government, parish church buildings, towns, and social welfare. The evidence to support this peasant-centred view has to be recovered by imaginative interpretation, and by using every type of source, including the testimony of archaeology and landscape.
English Inland Trade
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Author : Michael Hicks
language : en
Publisher: Oxbow Books
Release Date : 2015-07-31
English Inland Trade written by Michael Hicks and has been published by Oxbow Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-31 with History categories.
The Southampton brokage books are the best source for English inland trade before modern times. Internal trade always matched overseas trade. Between 1430 and 1540 the brokage series records all departures through SouthamptonÕs Bargate, the owner, carter, commodity, quantity, destination and date, and many deliveries too. Twelve such years make up the database that illuminates SouthamptonÕs trade with its extensive region at the time when the city was at its most important as the principal point of access to England for the exotic spices and dyestuffs imported by the Genoese. If SouthamptonÕs international traffic was particularly important, the townÕs commerce was representative also of the commonplace trade that occurred throughout England. Seventeen papers investigate SouthamptonÕs interaction with Salisbury, London, Winchester, and many other places, long-term trends and short-term fluctuations. The rise and decline of the Italian trade, the dominance of Salisbury and emergence of Jack of Newbury, the recycling of wealth and metals from the dissolved monasteries all feature here. Underpinning the book are 32 computer-generated maps and numerous tables, charts, and graphs, with guidance provided as to how best to exploit and extend this remarkable resource. An accompanying web-mounted database (http://www.overlandtrade.org) enables the changing commerce to be mapped and visualised through maps and trade to be tracked week by week and over a century. Together the book and database provide a unique resource for Southampton, its trading partners, traders and carters, freight traffic and the genealogies of the middling sort.
Merchants
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Author : Edmond Smith
language : en
Publisher: Yale University Press
Release Date : 2021-09-14
Merchants written by Edmond Smith and has been published by Yale University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-14 with History categories.
A new history of English trade and empire—revealing how a tightly woven community of merchants was the true origin of globalized Britain In the century following Elizabeth I’s rise to the throne, English trade blossomed as thousands of merchants launched ventures across the globe. Through the efforts of these "mere merchants," England developed from a peripheral power on the fringes of Europe to a country at the center of a global commercial web, with interests stretching from Virginia to Ahmadabad and Arkhangelsk to Benin. Edmond Smith traces the lives of English merchants from their earliest steps into business to the heights of their successes. Smith unpicks their behavior, relationships, and experiences, from exporting wool to Russia, importing exotic luxuries from India, and building plantations in America. He reveals that the origins of "global" Britain are found in the stories of these men whose livelihoods depended on their skills, entrepreneurship, and ability to work together to compete in cutthroat international markets. As a community, their efforts would come to revolutionize Britain’s relationship with the world.
Mortality Trade Money And Credit In Late Medieval England 1285 1531
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Author : Pamela Nightingale
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-07-21
Mortality Trade Money And Credit In Late Medieval England 1285 1531 written by Pamela Nightingale and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-21 with Architecture categories.
The eleven articles in this volume examine controversial subjects of central importance to medieval economic historians. Topics include the relative roles played by money and credit in financing the economy, whether credit could compensate for shortages of coin, and whether it could counteract the devastating mortality of the Black Death. Drawing on a detailed analysis of the Statute Merchant and Staple records, the articles chart the chronological and geographical changes in the economy from the late-thirteenth to the early-sixteenth centuries. This period started with the triumph of English merchants over alien exporters in the early 1300s, and concluded in the early 1500s with cloth exports overtaking wool in value. The articles assess how these changes came about, as well as the degree to which both political and economic forces altered the pattern of regional wealth and enterprise in ways which saw the northern towns decline, and London rise to be the undisputed financial as well as the political capital of England.
The Medieval Clothier
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Author : John S. Lee
language : en
Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Release Date : 2018
The Medieval Clothier written by John S. Lee and has been published by Boydell & Brewer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Antiques & Collectibles categories.
A clear and accessibly written guide to the medieval cloth-making trade in England.
Peasant Perceptions Of Landscape
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Author : Stephen Mileson
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021-11-04
Peasant Perceptions Of Landscape written by Stephen Mileson and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-04 with History categories.
Peasant Perceptions of Landscape marks a change in the discipline of landscape history, as well as making a major contribution to the history of everyday life. Until now, there has been no sustained analysis of how ordinary medieval and early modern people experienced and perceived their material environment and constructed their identities in relation to the places where they lived. This volume provides exactly such an analysis by examining peasant perceptions in one geographical area over the long period from AD 500 to 1650. The study takes as its focus Ewelme hundred, a well-documented and archaeologically-rich area of lowland vale and hilly Chiltern wood-pasture comprising fourteen ancient parishes. The analysis draws on a range of sources including legal depositions and thousands of field-names and bynames preserved in largely unpublished deeds and manorial documents. Archaeology makes a major contribution, particularly for understanding the period before 900, but more generally in reconstructing the fabric of villages and the framework for inhabitants' spatial practices and experiences. In its focus on the way inhabitants interacted with the landscape in which they worked, prayed, and socialised, Peasant Perceptions of Landscape supplies a new history of the lives and attitudes of the bulk of the rural population who so seldom make their mark in traditional landscape analysis or documentary history.
Social Thought In England 1480 1730
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Author : A.L. Beier
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-02-05
Social Thought In England 1480 1730 written by A.L. Beier and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-05 with History categories.
Authorities ranging from philosophers to politicians nowadays question the existence of concepts of society, whether in the present or the past. This book argues that social concepts most definitely existed in late medieval and early modern England, laying the foundations for modern models of society. The book analyzes social paradigms and how they changed in the period. A pervasive medieval model was the "body social," which imagined a society of three estates – the clergy, the nobility, and the commonalty – conjoined by interdependent functions, arranged in static hierarchies based upon birth, and rejecting wealth and championing poverty. Another model the book describes as "social humanist," that fundamentally questioned the body social, advancing merit over birth, mobility over stasis, and wealth over poverty. The theory of the body social was vigorously articulated between the 1480s and the 1550s. Parts of the old metaphor actually survived beyond 1550, but alternative models of social humanist thought challenged the body concept in the period, advancing a novel paradigm of merit, mobility, and wealth. The book’s methodology focuses on the intellectual context of a variety of contemporary texts.
Beyond Lords And Peasants Rural Elites And Economic Differentiation In Pre Modern Europe
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Author : Frederic Aparisi & Vicent Royo
language : en
Publisher: Universitat de València
Release Date : 2014-01-30
Beyond Lords And Peasants Rural Elites And Economic Differentiation In Pre Modern Europe written by Frederic Aparisi & Vicent Royo and has been published by Universitat de València this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-30 with Business & Economics categories.
The present volume explores the process of economic stratification within the rural societies in the Middle Ages and in the Pre-modern period, paying special attention to the leading sectors of the community. Established experts and younger scholars in the field examine the rural elites and its relation with the emergence of agrarian capitalism through different observatories ranging across European regions, from Wiltshire (England), the County of Flanders and the Duchy of Brabant (Low Countries) to the Kingdom of Valencia (Crown of Aragon). The contributions analyse the differentiation within the peasantry from various perspectives such as the social conditions, the evolution of communal structures, the investment strategies, the expenses for burials, the means for social promotion and the uses of the common lands. The book employs a variety of historical methods and draws on a wide range of diverse sources including court records, wills, law codes, manuals of institutional landowners and notarial registries. Considering the interest of the issue and the newness of the observatories, this volume will be essential reading for specialists on rural history and also engage a more general readership interested in conditions and structures in pre-industrial societies.