A Guerra Das Patentes
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A Guerra Das Patentes
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Author : Maria Helena Tachinardi
language : pt-BR
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
A Guerra Das Patentes written by Maria Helena Tachinardi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Brazil categories.
Trips And Access To Medicines
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Author : Renata Curzel
language : en
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Release Date : 2020-12-10
Trips And Access To Medicines written by Renata Curzel and has been published by Kluwer Law International B.V. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-10 with Law categories.
Although ideally a patent system for pharmaceuticals should serve to incentivize research into the development of new medicines, the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the equal importance of drug access and affordability. This book, by focusing on the Brazilian rule which makes the grant of pharmaceutical patents dependent on the prior consent of the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), shows how the Brazilian model affords an example for other countries to follow in dealing with tensions between patent protection and the right to healthcare. Based on an empirical study in which the author examined 147 reports issued by ANVISA as a basis for its decisions, the book deals with such central questions concerning the interface of regulation and innovation in the patent system as the following: compatibility between ANVISA’s prior consent mechanism and the Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement; how “evergreening” and “trivial patents” undermine public health and access to medicines; ways of correcting abuses of patent rights and controlling quality of patents; and the discourse on health as a human right. Along with her examination of ANVISA reports, the author analyzes how Article 229-C LPI, which introduced the need of ANVISA’s prior consent to the patent grant of pharmaceuticals in Brazil, has been interpreted in Brazilian case law. Interviews with Brazilian experts are also included. In its commitment to harmonizing patent rights and the right to access of affordable medicines, Brazil’s patent system for pharmaceuticals stands out as a workable response to the basic problem of access to medicines in the developing world. By describing the successes and failures in the Brazilian policy of promoting drug access, this book helps policymakers in developing and emerging countries to better explore TRIPS flexibilities when dealing with similar problems, and provides practitioners in the law of the World Trade Organization, patent law, competition law, and health law with a guide to how a more equitable pharmaceutical patenting system could work in practice.
The Politics And History Of Aids Treatment In Brazil
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Author : Amy Nunn
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-02-15
The Politics And History Of Aids Treatment In Brazil written by Amy Nunn and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02-15 with Medical categories.
Brazil’s public policy response to the AIDS epidemic preceded those of many developing countries. During my tenure as President, in 1996, Brazil adopted a law guaranteeing free and universal access to AIDS treatment for all people living with HIV/AIDS. Brazil became the first developing country to provide publicly-financed AIDS treatment for all people living with HIV/AIDS. We now have one of the world’s most successful AIDS programs that is considered a model for other dev- oping countries. Today, 185,000 people receive life-saving AIDS cocktails in Brazil, and thousands of lives have been saved. But this was not an easy battle. There were many challenges along the way. Twenty years ago, Brazil’s achie- ments today might have seemed impossible. During the 1980s, in Brazil, as elsewhere, there was overwhelming stigma associated with AIDS; people living with HIV often lost their jobs and died quickly before the advent of life-saving antiretroviral drugs. Brazil’s AIDS movement was extraordinarily important in promoting progressive AIDS policies; associations of people living with HIV were the first to denounce pervasive AIDS-related discri- nation and called public attention to the importance of AIDS. Activists protested in the streets for over a decade, engaged the media, and framed AIDS as a human rights issue.
Handbook Of Research On Emerging Technologies For Effective Project Management
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Author : Jamil, George Leal
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2019-09-13
Handbook Of Research On Emerging Technologies For Effective Project Management written by Jamil, George Leal and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-13 with Business & Economics categories.
Driven by such tools as big data, cognitive computing, new business models, and the internet of things, the overall demand for innovation is becoming more critical for competitiveness and emerging technologies. These technologies have become real alternatives for the market and offer new perspectives for modern project management applications. The Handbook of Research on Emerging Technologies for Effective Project Management is an essential research publication that proposes innovations for firms and markets through the exploration of project management principles and methods and the effective integration of knowledge and innovation. It encompasses academic and scientific propositions, reviews for conceptual bases, applications of theories in new market solutions, and cases of successful insertion of disruptive technologies and business models in new competitive market offers. Featuring a range of topics such as innovation management, business administration, and marketing, this book is ideal for project managers, IT specialists, software developers, executives, practitioners, managers, marketers, researchers, and industry professionals.
The Politics Of Pharmaceutical Policy Reform
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Author : Elize Massard da Fonseca
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-11-17
The Politics Of Pharmaceutical Policy Reform written by Elize Massard da Fonseca and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-17 with Political Science categories.
Brazil is renowned worldwide for its remarkable reforms in pharmaceutical regulation, which have enhanced access to essential medicines while lowering drug costs. This book innovates by analysing the generic drug reform in Brazil, demonstrating that pharmaceutical regulation is only partially influenced by non-state actors. Little is known about the institutional antecedents and policy process that channeled this regulatory reform. This is particularly intriguing because a regulatory shift in the pharmaceutical sector requires the participation of a number of stakeholders and interest groups in the policy process. Fonseca examines the generic drug reform’s causes and consequences. No study has approached the generic drug regulation in Brazil from this perspective. The Politics of Pharmaceutical Policy Reform: A Study of Generic Drug Regulation in Brazil, explores the following: · The politics of pharmaceutical regulation in Brazil over the last 25 years. · The political negotiations to approve the Generic Drug Act, which involved a hard-to-reach agreement between the pharmaceutical industry (national and multinational), the Ministry of Health, and Congress · The controversial decisions to regulate packaging and pharmaceutical equivalence. · The surprising success of Brazilian pharmaceutical firms, which became market champions in a sector largely dominated by multinational firms. · Comparative lessons from the Brazilian case for the political construction of regulatory standards to regulate generic drugs and its effects on global health. This book will interest political scientists and health policy scholars concerned with the political conflicts in the pharmaceutical sector. It argues against well-established approaches to regulatory capture such as control of the regulatory process by interest groups and policy diffusion. It can be used as evidence for graduate courses in public policy, health policy and political science. Because Brazil is one of the largest markets for pharmaceuticals in the world, business leaders and consultancy firms would also be interested.
Intellectual Property Pharmaceuticals And Public Health
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Author : Kenneth C. Shadlen
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2011-01-01
Intellectual Property Pharmaceuticals And Public Health written by Kenneth C. Shadlen and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-01-01 with Medical categories.
'This impressive collection offers fascinating new perspectives on the impact of pharmaceutical patents on access to medicines in developing countries. The volume's editors have put together an important book that sets out clearly the challenges to public health in a wide range of national contexts. The book will be a valuable text for all scholars and decision-makers interested in the global politics of intellectual property rights and public health.' – Duncan Matthews, Queen Mary, University of London, UK This up-to-date book examines pharmaceutical development, access to medicines, and the protection of public health in the context of two fundamental changes that the global political economy has undergone since the 1970s, the globalization of trade and production and the increased harmonization of national regulations on intellectual property rights. With authors from eleven different countries presenting case studies of national experiences in Africa, Asia and the Americas, the book analyzes national strategies to promote pharmaceutical innovation, while at the same time assuring widespread access to medicines through generic pharmaceutical production and generic pharmaceutical importation. The expert chapters focus on patents as well as an array of regulatory instruments, including pricing and drug registration policies. Presenting in-depth analysis and original empirical research, this book will strongly appeal to academics and students of intellectual property, international health, international political economy, international development and law.
Intellectual Property Law And Access To Medicines
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Author : Srividhya Ragavan
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2021-07-28
Intellectual Property Law And Access To Medicines written by Srividhya Ragavan and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-28 with Law categories.
The history of patent harmonization is a story of dynamic actors, whose interactions with established structures shaped the patent regime. From the inception of the trade regime to include intellectual property (IP) rights to the present, this book documents the role of different sets of actors – states, transnational business corporations, or civil society groups – and their influence on the structures – such as national and international agreements, organizations, and private entities – that have caused changes to healthcare and access to medication. Presenting the debates over patents, trade, and the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement), as it galvanized non-state and nonbusiness actors, the book highlights how an alternative framing and understanding of pharmaceutical patent rights emerged: as a public issue, instead of a trade or IP issue. The book thus offers an important analysis of the legal and political dynamics through which the contest for access to lifesaving medication has been, and will continue to be, fought. In addition to academics working in the areas of international law, development, and public health, this book will also be of interest to policy makers, state actors, and others with relevant concerns working in nongovernmental and international organizations.
Revista Observat Rio Ita Cultural N 16
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Author : Ronaldo Lemos
language : en
Publisher: Itaú Cultural
Release Date :
Revista Observat Rio Ita Cultural N 16 written by Ronaldo Lemos and has been published by Itaú Cultural this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Esta edição mistura autores provenientes de campos diversos do conhecimento para tratar de temas centrais nos nossos tempos. Privacidade, direitos autorais, liberdade de expressão, limites e possibilidades do “faça você mesmo”, conflitos envolvendo mídias sociais e tradicionais, os sucessos e falhas da promessa da aldeia global.
Pharmaceutical Autonomy And Public Health In Latin America
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Author : Matthew B. Flynn
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-12-05
Pharmaceutical Autonomy And Public Health In Latin America written by Matthew B. Flynn and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-05 with Political Science categories.
Brazil has occupied a central role in the access to medicines movement, especially with respect to drugs used to treat those with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). How and why Brazil succeeded in overcoming powerful political and economic interests, both at home and abroad, to roll-out and sustain treatment represents an intellectual puzzle. In this book, Matthew Flynn traces the numerous challenges Brazil faced in its efforts to provide essential medicines to all of its citizens. Using dependency theory, state theory, and moral underpinnings of markets, Flynn delves deeper into the salient factors contributing to Brazil’s successes and weaknesses, including control over technology, creation of political alliances, and instrumental use of normative frameworks and effectively explains the ability of countries to fulfill the prescription drug needs of its population versus the interests and operations of the global pharmaceutical industry Pharmaceutical Autonomy and Public Health in Latin America is one of the only books to provide an in-depth account of the challenges that a developing country, like Brazil, faces to fulfill public health objectives amidst increasing global economic integration and new international trade agreements. Scholars interested in public health issues, HIV/AIDS, and human rights, but also to social scientists interested in Latin America and international political economy will find this an original and thought provoking read.
Health Innovation And Social Justice In Brazil
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Author : Maurice Cassier
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-07-10
Health Innovation And Social Justice In Brazil written by Maurice Cassier and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-10 with Social Science categories.
This book examines the construction of an innovation system in Brazil’s health industries over the past twenty years. The authors argue that the system has remained active despite the crisis that began in 2014. However, while this crisis has led to cuts in public spending on research and health, it has simultaneously tended to stimulate local production and invention aimed at reducing deficits in the trade in medicines and medical technologies. The contributors highlight a model combining the acquisition of new technologies with social justice and the right to health, and introduce new concepts of the “nationalization” of technologies, innovation through copying and civil society regulation of industrial property and of the medicinal drug market.