A History Of Ireland In The Eighteenth Century
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A History Of Ireland In The Eighteenth Century
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Author : William Edward Hartpole Lecky
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2011-02-17
A History Of Ireland In The Eighteenth Century written by William Edward Hartpole Lecky and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-02-17 with History categories.
Lecky's History of Ireland in the Eighteenth Century remains an important work, particularly for its use of lost archival sources.
A History Of Ireland In The Eighteenth Century
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Author : William Edward Hartpole Lecky
language : en
Publisher: London : Longmans, Green
Release Date : 1892
A History Of Ireland In The Eighteenth Century written by William Edward Hartpole Lecky and has been published by London : Longmans, Green this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1892 with Ireland categories.
A History Of Ireland In The Eighteenth Century
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Author : William Edward Hartpole Lecky
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020-05-11
A History Of Ireland In The Eighteenth Century written by William Edward Hartpole Lecky and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-11 with categories.
This is a reproduction of the original artefact. Generally these books are created from careful scans of the original. This allows us to preserve the book accurately and present it in the way the author intended. Since the original versions are generally quite old, there may occasionally be certain imperfections within these reproductions. We're happy to make these classics available again for future generations to enjoy!
Eighteenth Century Ireland Georgian Ireland
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Author : Desmond Keenan
language : en
Publisher: Xlibris Corporation
Release Date : 2020-10-11
Eighteenth Century Ireland Georgian Ireland written by Desmond Keenan and has been published by Xlibris Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-11 with Science categories.
The 18th century tended to be neglected by Irish historians in the 20th century. Irish achievements in the 18th century were largely those of Protestants, so Catholics tended to disregard them. Catholic historians concentrated on the grievances of the Catholics and exaggerated them. The Penal Laws against Catholics were stressed regardless of the fact that most of them affected only a small number of rich Catholics, the Catholic landowners who had sufficient wealth to raise a regiment of infantry to fight for the Catholic Stuart pretenders. The practice of the Catholic religion was not made illegal. Catholic priests could live openly and have their own chapels and mass-houses. As was the law at the time, the ordinary workers, Catholic or Protestant, had no vote, and so were ignored by the political classes. Nor had they any ambitions in the direction of taking control of the state. If they had local grievances, and in many places they had, especially with regard to rents and tithes, they dealt with them locally, and often brutally, but they were not trying to overthrow the Government. If some of them looked for a French invasion it was in the hope that the French would bring guns and powder to assist them in their local disputes. It is a peculiarity, as yet unexplained, that most of the Catholic working classes, by the end of the century, had names that reflected their ancestry as minor local chiefs. The question remains where did the descendants of the former workers, the villeins and betaghs go? The answer seems to be that in times of war and famine the members of even the smallest chiefly family stood a better chance of surviving. This would explain the long-standing grievance of the Catholic peasants that they were unjustly deprived of their land. We will perhaps never know the answer to this question. Penal Laws against religious minorities were the norm in Europe. The religion of the state was decided by the king according to the adage cuius regio eius religio (each king decides the state religion for his own kingdom). At the end of the 17th century, the Catholic landowners fought hard for the Catholic James II. But in the 18th century they lost interest and preferred to come to terms with the actually reigning monarch, and became Protestants to retain their lands and influence. Unlike in Scotland, support for the Catholic Stuarts remained minimal. Nor was there any attempt to establish in independent kingdom or republic. When such an attempt was made at the very end of the century it was led by Protestant gentlemen in imitation of their American cousins. Ireland in the 18th century was not ruled by a foreign elite like the British raj in India. It was an aristocratic society, like all the other European societies at the time. Some of these were descendants of Gaelic chiefs; some were descendants of those who had received grants of confiscated land; some were descendants of the moneylenders who had lent money to improvident Gaelic chiefs. Together these formed the ruling aristocracy who controlled Parliament and made the Irish laws, controlled the army, the judiciary and the executive. Access to this elite was open to any gentleman who was willing to take the oath of allegiance and conform to the state church, the Established Church but not the nonconformists. British kings did not occupy Ireland and impose foreign rule. Ireland had her own Government and elected Parliament. By a decree of King John in the 12th century, the Lordship of Ireland was annexed to the person of the king of England. When not present in Ireland in person, and he rarely was, his powers were exercised by a Lord Lieutenant to whom considerable executive power was given. He presided over the Irish Privy Council which drew up the legislation to be presented to the Irish Parliament. One restraint was imposed on the Irish Parliament. By Poynings’ Law it was not allowed to pass legislation that infringed on the rights of the king or his English Privy Council. The British Parliament had no interest in the internal affairs of Ireland. The Irish Council were free to devise their own legislation and they did so. The events in Irish republican fantasy are examined in detail. The was no major rebellion against alleged British rule. The vast majority of Catholics and Protestants rallied to the support of their lawful Government. The were local uprisings easily suppressed by the local militias and yeomanry. Atrocities were not all on one side. Ireland at last enjoyed a century of peace with no wasteful and destructive wars within its bounds. No longer were its crops burned, its buildings destroyed, its cattle driven off, its population reduced by fever and famine. Its trade was resumed and gradually wealth accumulated and was no longer dispersed on local wars. Gentlemen, as in England, could afford to build great country and town houses. The arts flourished as never before. Skilled masons could build great houses. Stone cutters could carve sculptures. The most delicate mouldings could be applied to ceilings. The theatre flourished. While some gentlemen led the life of wastrels, others devoted themselves to the promotion of agriculture and industry. Everywhere mines were dug to exploit minerals. Ireland had not the same richness of minerals as England, but every effort was made to find and exploit them. Roads were improved, canals dug, rivers deepened, and ports developed. Market towns spread all over Ireland which provided local farmers with outlets for their produce and increased the wealth of the landlords. This wealth was however very unevenly spread. The population was ever increasing and the poor remained miserably poor. In a bad year, hundreds of thousands of the very poor could perish through cold and famine. But the numbers of the very poor kept on growing. Only among the Presbyterians in Ulster was there emigration on any scale. Even before the American Revolution they found a great freedom and greater opportunities in the American colonies. Catholics, were born, lived and died in the same parish. Altogether it was a century of great achievement.
The Economic History Of Ireland In The Eighteenth Century
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Author : George O'Brien
language : en
Publisher: Philadelphia : Porcupine Press
Release Date : 1977
The Economic History Of Ireland In The Eighteenth Century written by George O'Brien and has been published by Philadelphia : Porcupine Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Ireland categories.
The Economic History Of Ireland In The Eighteenth Century
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1918
The Economic History Of Ireland In The Eighteenth Century written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1918 with categories.
A History Of Ireland In The Eighteenth Century Volume 4
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Author : William Edward Hartpole Lecky
language : en
Publisher: Legare Street Press
Release Date : 2023-07-18
A History Of Ireland In The Eighteenth Century Volume 4 written by William Edward Hartpole Lecky and has been published by Legare Street Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-18 with categories.
William Edward Hartpole Lecky's classic history of Ireland in the 18th century remains a landmark work of Irish historiography. From the rise of the Protestant Ascendancy to the impact of rapid industrialization, Lecky provides a detailed account of the political, economic, and social forces that shaped Ireland during this transformative era. This book is a must-read for anyone interested in the history of Ireland or the development of modern European society. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
A History Of Ireland In The Eighteenth Century Volume 3
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Author : William Edward Hartpole Lecky
language : en
Publisher: Arkose Press
Release Date : 2015-11-05
A History Of Ireland In The Eighteenth Century Volume 3 written by William Edward Hartpole Lecky and has been published by Arkose Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-05 with categories.
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Economic History Of Ireland In The Eighteenth Century Classic Reprint
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Author : George O'Brien
language : en
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Release Date : 2016-12-23
The Economic History Of Ireland In The Eighteenth Century Classic Reprint written by George O'Brien and has been published by Forgotten Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-12-23 with History categories.
Excerpt from The Economic History of Ireland in the Eighteenth Century In one sense the eighteenth century is an easy period to treat historically, as the beginning and end of the cen tury were marked by /events which may be truly termed epochs. The seventeenth century did not merge gradually into the eighteenth, nor the eighteenth into the nineteenth. On the contrary, the former two were definitely separated by the Revolution, and the latter two by the Union. The events which marked the years between the Restoration and the beginning of the century were such as to destroy the old condition of things; Irish commerce was successfully attacked; the old popular land system was finally abolished; and the Irish people were reduced to a condition not far removed from slavery. The old economic state had disappeared, and a new one was about to begin. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Eighteenth Century Ireland New Gill History Of Ireland 4
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Author : Ian McBride
language : en
Publisher: Gill & Macmillan Ltd
Release Date : 2009-10-02
Eighteenth Century Ireland New Gill History Of Ireland 4 written by Ian McBride and has been published by Gill & Macmillan Ltd this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-10-02 with History categories.
The eighteenth century is in many ways the most problematic era in Irish history. Traditionally, the years from 1700 to 1775 have been short-changed by historians, who have concentrated overwhelmingly on the last quarter of the period. Professor Ian McBride's survey, the fourth in the New Gill History of Ireland series, seeks to correct that balance. At the same time it provides an accessible and fresh account of the bloody rebellion of 1798, the subject of so much controversy. The eighteenth century was the heyday of the Protestant Ascendancy. Professor McBride explores the mental world of Protestant patriots from Molyneux and Swift to Grattan and Tone. Uniquely, however, McBride also offers a history of the eighteenth century in which Protestant, Catholic and Dissenter all receive due attention. One of the greatest advances in recent historiography has been the recovery of Catholic attitudes during the zenith of the Protestant Ascendancy. Professor McBride's Eighteenth-Century Ireland insists on the continuity of Catholic politics and traditions throughout the century so that the nationalist explosion in the 1790s appears not as a sudden earthquake, but as the culmination of long-standing religious and social tensions. McBride also suggests a new interpretation of the penal laws, in which themes of religious persecution and toleration are situated in their European context. This holistic survey cuts through the clichés and lazy thinking that have characterised our understanding of the eighteenth century. It sets a template for future understanding of that time. Eighteenth-Century Ireland: Table of Contents Introduction Part I. Horizons - English Difficulties and Irish Opportunities - The Irish Enlightenment and its Enemies - Ireland and the Ancien Régime Part II. The Penal Era: Religion and Society - King William's Wars - What Were the Penal Laws For? - How Catholic Ireland Survived - Bishops, Priests and People Part III The Ascendancy and its World - Ascendancy Ireland: Conflict and Consent - Queen Sive and Captain Right: Agrarian Rebellion Part IV. The Age of Revolutions - The Patriot Soldier - A Brotherhood of Affection - 1798