A Knowledge Based Approach To Program Understanding
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A Knowledge Based Approach To Program Understanding
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Author : Salwa K. Abd-El-Hafiz
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
A Knowledge Based Approach To Program Understanding written by Salwa K. Abd-El-Hafiz and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
Program understanding plays an important role in nearly all software related tasks. It is vital to the development, maintenance and reuse activities. Program understanding is indispensable for improving the quality of software development. Several development activities such as code reviews, debugging and some testing approaches require programmers to read and understand programs. Maintenance activities cannot be performed without a deep and correct understanding of the component to be maintained. Program understanding is vital to the reuse of code components because they cannot be utilized without a clear understanding of what they do. If a candidate reusable component needs to be modified, an understanding how it is designed is also required. of This monograph presents a· knowledge-based approach to the automation of program understanding. This approach generates rigorous program documentation mechanically by combining and building on strengths of a practical program decomposition method, the axiomatic correctness notation, and the knowledge based analysis approaches. More specifically, this approach documents programs by generating first order predicate logic annotations of their loops. In this approach, loops are classified according to their complexity levels. Based on this taxonomy, variations on the basic analysis approach that best fit each of the different classes are described. In general, mechanical annotation of loops is performed by first decomposing them using data flow analysis. This decomposition encapsulates interdependent statements in events, which can be analyzed individually.
System Fault Diagnostics Reliability And Related Knowledge Based Approaches
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Author : S.G. Tzafestas
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1987-08-31
System Fault Diagnostics Reliability And Related Knowledge Based Approaches written by S.G. Tzafestas and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987-08-31 with Computers categories.
Software Design Cognitive Aspect
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Author : Francoise Detienne
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2001-10-12
Software Design Cognitive Aspect written by Francoise Detienne and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-10-12 with Computers categories.
Covering a variety of areas including software analysis, design, coding and maintenance, this text details the research conducted since the 1970s in this fast-developing field before going on to define a computer program from the viewpoint of computing and cognitive psychology. The two essential sides of programming, software production and software understanding, are given detailed treatment, with parallels drawn throughout between studies on processing texts written in natural language and processing computer programs. Of particular interest to researchers, practitioners and graduates in cognitive psychology, cognitive ergonomics and computer science.
Software Visualization
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Author : Kang Zhang
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Software Visualization written by Kang Zhang and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
Software Visualization: From Theory to Practice was initially selected as a special volume for "The Annals of Software Engineering (ANSE) Journal", which has been discontinued. This special edited volume, is the first to discuss software visualization in the perspective of software engineering. It is a collection of 14 chapters on software visualization, covering the topics from theory to practical systems. The chapters are divided into four Parts: Visual Formalisms, Human Factors, Architectural Visualization, and Visualization in Practice. They cover a comprehensive range of software visualization topics, including *Visual programming theory and techniques for rapid software prototyping and graph visualization, including distributed programming; *Visual formalisms such as Flowchart, Event Graph, and Process Communication Graph; *Graph-oriented distributed programming; *Program visualization for software understanding, testing/debugging and maintenance; *Object-oriented re-design based on legacy procedural software; *Cognitive models for designing software exploration tools; *Human comprehensibility of visual modeling diagrams in UML; *UML extended with pattern compositions for software reuse; *Visualization of software architecture and Web architecture for better understanding; *Visual programming and program visualization for music synthesizers; *Drawing diagrams nicely using clustering techniques for software engineering.
Encyclopedia Of Computer Science And Technology
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Author : Allen Kent
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1997-02-14
Encyclopedia Of Computer Science And Technology written by Allen Kent and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-02-14 with Computers categories.
Artificial Intelligence in Economics and Managemetn to Requirements Engineering
Knowledge Based Systems
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Author : S. G. Tzafestas
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 1997
Knowledge Based Systems written by S. G. Tzafestas and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Computers categories.
The field of knowledge-based systems (KBS) has expanded enormously during the last years, and many important techniques and tools are currently available. Applications of KBS range from medicine to engineering and aerospace.This book provides a selected set of state-of-the-art contributions that present advanced techniques, tools and applications. These contributions have been prepared by a group of eminent researchers and professionals in the field.The theoretical topics covered include: knowledge acquisition, machine learning, genetic algorithms, knowledge management and processing under uncertainty, conflict detection and resolution, structured knowledge architectures, and natural language-based man-machine communication.The Applications include: Real-time decision support, system fault diagnosis, quality assessment, manufacturing production, robotic assembly, and robotic welding.The reader can save considerable time in searching the scattered literature in the field, and can find here a powerful set of how-to-do issues and results.
The Knowledge Frontier
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Author : Nick Cercone
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1987-10-05
The Knowledge Frontier written by Nick Cercone and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987-10-05 with Computers categories.
Knowledge representation is perhaps the most central problem confronting artificial intelligence. Expert systems need knowledge of their domain of expertise in order to function properly. Computer vlslOn systems need to know characteristics of what they are "seeing" in order to be able to fully interpret scenes. Natural language systems are invaluably aided by knowledge of the subject of the natural language discourse and knowledge of the participants in the discourse. Knowledge can guide learning systems towards better understanding and can aid problem solving systems in creating plans to solve various problems. Applications such as intelligent tutoring. computer-aided VLSI design. game playing. automatic programming. medical reasoning. diagnosis in various domains. and speech recogOltlOn. to name a few. are all currently experimenting with knowledge-based approaches. The problem of knowledge representation breaks down into several subsidiary problems including what knowledge to represent in a particular application. how to extract or create that knowledge. how to represent the knowledge efficiently and effectively. how to implement the knowledge representation scheme chosen. how to modify the knowledge in the face of a changing world. how to reason with the knowledge. and how tc use the knowledge appropriately in the creation of the application solution. This volume contains an elaboration of many of these basic issues from a variety of perspectives.
Scientific And Technical Aerospace Reports
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Scientific And Technical Aerospace Reports written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Aeronautics categories.
Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Project Based Knowledge In Organizing Open Innovation
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Author : Sara Bonesso
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-07-10
Project Based Knowledge In Organizing Open Innovation written by Sara Bonesso and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Enriching understanding of the current theoretical debate on project-based learning and R&D sourcing, ‘Project-based Knowledge in Organizing Open Innovation’ draws on innovation literature and knowledge-based perspectives to solve open problems in the relationship between knowledge development at project level and how firms organize product innovation combining in-house R&D activities with inbound open innovation. Through field research in different industrial settings (pharmaceutical, automotive and machine tools) and with complementary methodological approaches, this book provides empirical evidence on how project knowledge features affect sourcing decisions at firm level. Due to the emerging interest in the management literature on project-based organizations and on the relevance of project forms of organizing in a knowledge-based economy, this volume will appeal to scholars and students in business and management, in particular those in innovation management, organization theory and strategic management. Addressing the still open issue of how the firm level should be complemented by studies at the project level of analysis, this book provides theoretical and empirical arguments on the advantages of a more fine-grained level of analysis to understand how firms organize their innovation processes across boundaries.
Nonproliferation Further Improvements Needed In U S Efforts To Counter Threats From Manportable Air Defense Systems Report To Congressional Committees
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2004
Nonproliferation Further Improvements Needed In U S Efforts To Counter Threats From Manportable Air Defense Systems Report To Congressional Committees written by and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
In 2003, the State Department made important progress in its efforts to control the global proliferation of MANPADS. Thirty-two foreign governments made multilateral commitments to better control MANPADS and prevent their acquisition by terrorists. However, the State Department's ability to assess further progress in MANPADS nonproliferation is limited because the multilateral forums have no mechanisms to monitor members' implementation of commitments. In addition, the State Department obtained foreign government commitments to destroy or better secure MANPADS. DOD is required annually to inventory every Stinger missile system sold overseas. However, DOD's inventory inspection process has flaws. First, DOD records on the number and destination of Stingers sold overseas are incomplete, unreliable, and largely in hard-copy form. Because DOD has not required DOD agencies responsible for end-use monitoring to retain these records, it does not know how many Stingers have been sold overseas. Second, DOD officials overseas use inconsistent practices when inspecting Stinger inventories because DOD lacks procedures for conducting these inspections.