A Modern History Of Monetary And Financial Systems Of Congo 1885 1995
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A Modern History Of Monetary And Financial Systems Of Congo 1885 1995
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Author : Edouard Mambu ma Khenzu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
A Modern History Of Monetary And Financial Systems Of Congo 1885 1995 written by Edouard Mambu ma Khenzu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Business & Economics categories.
This study addresses the modern history of money and finance in the region of the current Democratic Republic of Congo during the period 1885-1995. It explores everything from the devices used as money in the Ancient Kingdom, the monetary and financial provisions set up for the Congo Free State, an examination of the colonial period, then an analysis of the monetary and financial dimension of major political events and unrest that occurred in Congo since June 1960. The study ends with a focus on the political background of the Congolese monetary and financial collapse of the early 1990s which was marked with periods of hyperinflation.
Encyclopaedia Of Historical Metrology Weights And Measures
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Author : Jan Gyllenbok
language : en
Publisher: Birkhäuser
Release Date : 2018-04-12
Encyclopaedia Of Historical Metrology Weights And Measures written by Jan Gyllenbok and has been published by Birkhäuser this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-12 with Science categories.
This third volume of Gyllenbok's encyclopaedia of historical metrology comprises the second part of the compendium of measurement systems and currencies of all sovereign states of the modern World (J-Z). Units of measurement are of vital importance in every civilization through history. Since the early ages, man has through necessity devised various measures to assist him in everyday life. They have enabled and continue to enable us to trade in commonly and equitably understood amounts, and to investigate, understand, and control the chemical, physical, and biological processes of the natural world. The encyclopeadia will be of use not only to historians of science and technology, but also to economic and social historians and should be in every major academic and national library as standard reference work on the topic.
Rogue Empires
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Author : Steven Press
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2017-04-10
Rogue Empires written by Steven Press and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-10 with History categories.
In the 1880s Europeans grabbed vast swaths of the African continent, using documents, not guns, as their weapon of choice. Steven Press follows a paper trail of questionable contracts to discover the confidence men who exploited a loophole in international law to assert sovereignty over lands, and whose actions touched off the Scramble for Africa.
Islamic Law And Transnational Diplomatic Law
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Author : Muhammad-Basheer .A. Ismail
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-04-12
Islamic Law And Transnational Diplomatic Law written by Muhammad-Basheer .A. Ismail and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-12 with Political Science categories.
This book, in its effort to formulate compatibility between Islamic law and the principles of international diplomatic law, argues that the need to harmonize the two legal systems and have a thorough cross-cultural understanding amongst nations generally with a view to enhancing unfettered diplomatic cooperation should be of paramount priority.
Religion Colonization And Decolonization In Congo 1885 1960 Religion Colonisation Et D Colonisation Au Congo 1885 1960
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Author : Vincent Viaene
language : en
Publisher: Leuven University Press
Release Date : 2020-10-30
Religion Colonization And Decolonization In Congo 1885 1960 Religion Colonisation Et D Colonisation Au Congo 1885 1960 written by Vincent Viaene and has been published by Leuven University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-30 with Religion categories.
Religion in today’s Democratic Republic of Congo has many faces: from the overflowing seminaries and Marian shrines of the Catholic Church to the Islamic brotherhoods, from the healers of Kimban-guism to the televangelism of the booming Pentecostalist churches in the great cities, from the Orthodox communities of Kasai to the ‘invisible’ Mai Mai warriors in the brousse of Kivu. During the colonial period religion was no less central to people’s lives than it is today. More surprisingly, behind the seemingly smooth facade of missions linked closely to imperial power, faith and worship were already marked by diversity and dynamism, tying the Congo into broader African and global movements. The contributions in this book provide insight into the multifaceted history of the interaction between religion and colonization. The authors outline the institutional political framework, and focus on the challenge that old and new forms of slavery entailed for the missions. The atrocities committed at the time of the Congo Free State became an existential question for young Christian communities. In the Belgian Congo after 1908, more structural forms of colonial violence remained a key issue marking religious experiences. And yet, religion also acted as a bridge. The authors emphasize the role intermediaries such as catechists or medical assistants played in the African “appropriation” of Christianity. They examine the complex interaction with indigenous religious beliefs and practices, and zoom in on the part religions played in the independence movement, as well as on their reaction to independence itself. Coming at a moment when Belgium confronts its colonial past, this volume provides a timely reassessment of religion as a key factor.
Belgium And The Congo 1885 1980
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Author : Guy Vanthemsche
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2012-04-30
Belgium And The Congo 1885 1980 written by Guy Vanthemsche and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-30 with Business & Economics categories.
This book explains how and why Belgium, a small but influential European country, was changed through its colonial activities in the Congo, from the first expeditions in 1880 to the Mobutu regime in the 1980s. Belgian politics, diplomacy, economic activity and culture were influenced by the imperial experience. Belgium and the Congo, 1885-1980 yields a better understanding of the Congo's past and present.
Index To Theses With Abstracts Accepted For Higher Degrees By The Universities Of Great Britain And Ireland And The Council For National Academic Awards
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Index To Theses With Abstracts Accepted For Higher Degrees By The Universities Of Great Britain And Ireland And The Council For National Academic Awards written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Dissertations, Academic categories.
American Book Publishing Record
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
American Book Publishing Record written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with American literature categories.
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Author : د. محمد بشير إسماعيل
language : ar
Publisher: Arkan for Studies, Research and Publishing
Release Date :
written by د. محمد بشير إسماعيل and has been published by Arkan for Studies, Research and Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with History categories.
على الرغم من أن «كارل فون كلاوسفيتس» قد ذكر في القرن التاسع عشر أن الحربَ استمرارٌ للسياسة ولكن بوسائل أخرى، فإن تلك المقولة تعكس بشكل أساسي ما يمكن تسميته بالدبلوماسية السلبية، التي ينبغي اللجوء إليها حينما تفشل الدبلوماسية البناءة والإيجابية فشلًا ذريعًا فقط. على أن الدبلوماسية الإيجابية والبناءة عادةً ما تخفق بسبب الافتقار لفهم القانون الدبلوماسي في الثقافات المختلفة، أو لوجود منظور موحد للدبلوماسية، وهذا هو السبب في أن المنظور العابر للثقافات والنظم القانونية للدبلوماسية والقانون الدبلوماسي أمرٌ شديد الأهمية في الأزمنة كافة. ومع أن ميثاق الأمم المتحدة استُهِل بتصميم صريح للعمل من أجل “أن ننقذ الأجيال المقبلة من ويلات الحرب التي في خلال جيل واحد جلبت على الإنسانية مرتين أحزانًا يعجز عنها الوصف”، فإن مما يستدعي السخرية أن الأمم لا تزال تعرض وتقيس قوتها بحيازتها للسلاح، وبقدرتها على إخضاع بعضها لبعض بالحرب، وليس بقدرتها على حل الصراعات والنزاعات بواسطة الدبلوماسية الإيجابية والبناءة. ومن ثم يعتبر هذا الإسهام عن الشريعة الإسلامية والقانون الدبلوماسي الدولي أمرًا في منتهى الأهمية، خاصة فيما يتعلق بدعم السلم والأمن الدوليين في عالمنا اليوم. وبالنظر إلى نشوب العديد من الصراعات حول العالم في الأعوام الأخيرة، فقد تأخر للغاية إجراء هذا التحليل المقارَن المفصَّل عن مفهوم الدبلوماسية وممارستها، خاصةً من المنظور القانوني الإسلامي والدولي. ورغم وجود العديد من الدراسات المنشورة في الماضي، التي استكشفت موضوع الدبلوماسية في ظل الشريعة الإسلامية أو القانون الدولي أو الحضارات الأخرى، كلًّا على حدة، يتضح بشكل جَلِيٍّ أن هذا العمل الحالي هو أول دراسة كاملة مُطَوَّلة في الآونة الأخيرة أجرت بحثًا معمقًا ومقارنًا بين الثقافات والنظم القانونية عن ذلك الموضوع في إطار الشريعة الإسلامية والقانون الدولي. وبالنظر إلى الأهمية المتزايدة لتطوير الدبلوماسية والقانون الدبلوماسي من أجل الاستجابة للتحديات المعاصرة في العلاقات الدولية، يُسهم هذا الكتاب إسهامًا حقيقيًّا في تدعيم الدبلوماسية الإيجابية والبناءة، عن طريق تقديم تحليل مقارن دقيق لهذا الموضوع، فضلًا عن أطروحة التوافق والتكميل بين القانون الدبلوماسي الدولي والقانون الدبلوماسي الإسلامي. وبالتأكيد سيجد الأكاديميون والدبلوماسيون وصناع السياسة على حد سواء أن هذا العمل لا غنى عنه على مستوى النظرية وعلى مستوى الممارسة.
The British National Bibliography
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Author : Arthur James Wells
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
The British National Bibliography written by Arthur James Wells and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Bibliography, National categories.