A New Approach To Utilitarianism

DOWNLOAD

Download A New Approach To Utilitarianism PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get A New Approach To Utilitarianism book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page

A New Approach To Utilitarianism

DOWNLOAD
Author : C.L. Sheng
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2012-10-31

A New Approach To Utilitarianism written by C.L. Sheng and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-31 with Philosophy categories.

1.1 Utilitarian Theories This book is a monograph on moral philosophy and social philosophy, particularly the part of the philosophy of economics that is related to the general distribution problem. It presents a comprehensive ethical theory, together with an application of the theory to distributive justice. The viewpoint of this theory is utilitarian. However, this theory is different in some crucial points, as well as in minor details, from all existing forms of utilitarianism. Moral philosophy deals essentially with the moral judgment of actions, i. e., whether a moral action is right or wrong, good or bad. The judgment is usually based on a line of logical reasoning, which can be traced to a final reason called the justification or ultimate principle. An ethical theory is a self-consistent system built upon a basic, or ultimate, principle. An ultimate principle can never be rigorously proven, and is not unique. Different philosophers establish different ethical theories upon different principles. Therefore, in the history of development of moral philosophy, there have been a large number of ethical theories and schools. Even wi thin the same school having the same ultimate principle, different philosophers may have different versions of the theory, because of small variations in the interpretation of the ultimate principle or in the elaboration of the details.

A New Approach To Utilitarianism

DOWNLOAD
Author : C.L. Sheng
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

A New Approach To Utilitarianism written by C.L. Sheng and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Philosophy categories.

1.1 Utilitarian Theories This book is a monograph on moral philosophy and social philosophy, particularly the part of the philosophy of economics that is related to the general distribution problem. It presents a comprehensive ethical theory, together with an application of the theory to distributive justice. The viewpoint of this theory is utilitarian. However, this theory is different in some crucial points, as well as in minor details, from all existing forms of utilitarianism. Moral philosophy deals essentially with the moral judgment of actions, i. e., whether a moral action is right or wrong, good or bad. The judgment is usually based on a line of logical reasoning, which can be traced to a final reason called the justification or ultimate principle. An ethical theory is a self-consistent system built upon a basic, or ultimate, principle. An ultimate principle can never be rigorously proven, and is not unique. Different philosophers establish different ethical theories upon different principles. Therefore, in the history of development of moral philosophy, there have been a large number of ethical theories and schools. Even wi thin the same school having the same ultimate principle, different philosophers may have different versions of the theory, because of small variations in the interpretation of the ultimate principle or in the elaboration of the details.

A New Approach To Utilitarianism

DOWNLOAD
Author : Qinglai Sheng
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1991

A New Approach To Utilitarianism written by Qinglai Sheng and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Business & Economics categories.

I: A Unified Utilitarian Theory.- 1 Introduction.- 1.1 Utilitarian Theories.- 1.2 A New Scientific Approach to Utilitarianism.- 1.3 Difficulties with Utilitarianism.- 1.4 Deduction and Statistics.- 1.5 The Importance of Normative Ethics.- 1.6 Moral Philosophy and Social Philosophy.- 1.7 The Scope of This Book.- 2 A Particular Interpretation of Utilitarianism.- 2.1 The Problem of Interpretation.- 2.2 Good and Right - Positive and Negative Duties.- 2.3 The Flexible Nature of Morality and a Classification of Situations of Action.- 2.4 Schism of Utilitarianism and Interpretation of the Ultimate Criterion.- 2.5 Implications of Flexibility and Reformulation of Utilitarianism.- 2.6 The Importance of Virtues.- 3 Basic Principles.- 3.1 Basic Principles.- 3.2 Prima Facie Nature.- 3.3 Strictness of Rules in Ethical Theories.- 3.4 The Principle of Utility.- 3.5 The Principle of Nature.- 3.6 Principle of Coexistence.- 4 A Theory of Value.- 4.1 Establishing a Theory of Value.- 4.2 The Problem of Determination of Utility and Value.- 4.3 Classification of Values.- 4.4 Clarification of Some Concepts Related to Utility.- 4.5 Definition of Utility.- 4.6 General Properties of Value.- 4.7 Comparison with Existing Theories of Value.- 4.8 On Right, Obligatory and Ought.- 5 Decision-Making and Moral Action.- 5.1 The Nature of Decision-Making.- 5.2 Applications of Decision-Making.- 5.3 Additive and Multiplicative Weights.- 5.4 Feeling of Moral Satisfaction as a Decisive Factor in Moral Decision-Making.- 5.5 Decision-Making under Conditions of Uncertainty.- 5.6 Utility and Utility Functions.- 5.7 Clarification of the Concepts of Value and Utility.- 5.8 A Mathematical Model for Moral Decision-Making.- 6 Moral Judgment and Justification.- 6.1 The Statistical Nature of Moral Judgment.- 6.2 Value of Moral Principle, Virtue, or Moral Rule.- 6.3 Value of Consequences of a Moral Action.- 6.4 Moral Value of the Feeling of Moral Satisfaction.- 6.5 Value of Motive or Intention.- 6.6 Value of a Moral Action.- 6.7 Value of a Person.- 6.8 Justification for Moral Judgment.- 6.9 On Mill's "Proof" of the Principle of Utility.- 6.10 An Answer to "Why Do We Take Moral Actions?".- 7 Comparisons with Other Theories.- 7.1 Comparison of the Unified Utilitarian Theory with Existing Forms of Utilitarianism.- 7.2 Brief Comparison of Utilitarianism and Deontologism.- 7.3 Defense of Utilitarianism Against Charges Raised by Rights-Theorists and Other Nonutilitarianism.- 7.4 Arguments Against Rights-Theory.- 7.5 Utilitarian Interpretation of Absolute Rights.- 8 Summary, Refutation of Objections, and a General View.- 8.1 Summary of the Unified Utilitarian Theory.- 8.2 Refutation of Objections to Utilitarianism.- 8.3 Compatibility of Utilitarianism with the Principle of Justice.- 8.4 A New Look at Moral Philosophy.- 8.5 Scientific Approach and Systems Theory.- II: A Utilitarian Theory of Distributive Justice.- 9 The General Distribution Problem and Distributive Justice.- 9.1 Various Distribution Problems.- 9.2 Income and Wealth.- 9.3 Freedom, Right, Conflict and Justice.- 9.4 Equality As a Crude Criterion for the Resolution of Conflict.- 9.5 Existing Views of Distributive Justice.- 9.6 A Utilitarian Theory of Distributive Justice.- 10 Maximization of Utility and the Objective Function.- 10.1 The Other Sense of Utility and Marginal Utility.- 10.2 Law of Diminishing Incremental Interest.- 10.3 Utility of Money Versus von Neumann-Morgenstern Utility.- 10.4 A General Utility Function.- 10.5 Interpersonal Comparisons of Utility.- 10.6 On Normalization and Terminal Utilities.- 10.7 On Recent Developments in Utility and Risk Theory.- 10.8 The Social Welfare Function as an Objective Function.- 11 The Constraint.- 11.1 Optimization and Constraint.- 11.2 Comments on Pareto Optimality as a Constraint.- 11.3 Comments on Rawls' Difference Principle.- 11.4 Constant Total Value as a Constraint.- 11.5 The Dynamic Nature of Distribution.- 11.6 Utilitarianism Is Not Indifferent to Distribution.- 1...

The Cambridge Companion To Utilitarianism

DOWNLOAD
Author : Ben Eggleston
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2014-01-30

The Cambridge Companion To Utilitarianism written by Ben Eggleston and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-30 with History categories.

This book offers a comprehensive overview of one of the most important and frequently discussed accounts of morality. It will be an important resource for all those studying moral philosophy, political philosophy, political theory and history of ideas.

Utilitarianism

DOWNLOAD
Author : John Stuart Mill
language : en
Publisher: BookRix
Release Date : 2019-06-28

Utilitarianism written by John Stuart Mill and has been published by BookRix this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-28 with Philosophy categories.

John Stuart Mill was a British philosopher, political economist and civil servant. He was an influential contributor to social theory, political theory and political economy. He has been called "the most influential English-speaking philosopher of the nineteenth century". Mill's conception of liberty justified the freedom of the individual in opposition to unlimited state control. He was a proponent of utilitarianism, an ethical theory developed by Jeremy Bentham. Hoping to remedy the problems found in an inductive approach to science, such as confirmation bias, he clearly set forth the premises of falsifiability as the key component in the scientific method. Mill was also a Member of Parliament and an important figure in liberal political philosophy.

A Utilitarian General Theory Of Value

DOWNLOAD
Author : C.L. Sheng
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2022-07-18

A Utilitarian General Theory Of Value written by C.L. Sheng and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-18 with Philosophy categories.

The thesis of this book is to develop a theory of value covering all kinds of values, based on my unified utilitarian theory. It is unique and is different from all traditional and existing theories of value. Like the views of most psychologists and decision-scientists, value is asserted to be subjective in nature because value exists only for a subject. Value and value judgment are considered statistical in nature in three dimensions, namely in the dimensions of subject, object, and judge. This theory covers a modified von Neumann-Morgenstern utility theory as an integral part. The three conceptions of utility held by philosophers, economicsts, and decision-scientists are unified. The traditional and conventional classification of value into intrinsic and instrumental, which may lead to confusion, misunderstanding, and circularity, is not used. Instead, a classification based on the classification of good things in life according to the principle of exchangeability and replaceability is emphasized and used. A decision-theoretic approach is taken for the study of actions in life. All the actions in a person's life are for the pursuit of values, and all the values pursued are related, directly or indirectly, closely or remotely, to a life plan. Thus, this utilitarian general theory of value eventually leads to a philosophy of life, which is also consequential, teleological, and utilitarian.

A New Approach To Utilitarianism

DOWNLOAD
Author : C. L. Sheng
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991-07-31

A New Approach To Utilitarianism written by C. L. Sheng and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-07-31 with categories.

Utilitarianism

DOWNLOAD
Author : Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2017-07-20

Utilitarianism written by Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-20 with Philosophy categories.

Utilitarianism may well be the most influential secular ethical theory in the world today. It is also one of the most controversial. It clashes, or is widely thought to clash, with many conventional moral views, and with human rights when they are seen as inviolable. Would it, for example, be right to torture a suspected terrorist in order to prevent an attack that could kill and injure a large number of innocent people? In this Very Short Introduction Peter Singer and Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek provide an authoritative account of the nature of utilitarianism, from its nineteenth-century origins, to its justification and its varieties. Considering how utilitarians can respond to objections that are often regarded as devastating, they explore the utilitarian answer to the question of whether torture can ever be justified. They also discuss what it is that utilitarians should seek to maximize, paying special attention to the classical utilitarian view that only pleasure or happiness is of intrinsic value. Singer and de Lazari-Radek conclude by analysing the continuing importance of utilitarianism in the world, indicating how it is a force for new thinking on contemporary moral challenges like global poverty, the treatment of animals, climate change, reducing the risk of human extinction, end-of-life decisions for terminally-ill patients, and the shift towards assessing the success of government policies in terms of their impact on happiness. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

New Approaches In Ethics For The Caring Professions

DOWNLOAD
Author : Richard Hugman
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2018-07-09

New Approaches In Ethics For The Caring Professions written by Richard Hugman and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-09 with Social Science categories.

Ethics are central to the caring professions. The very idea of a profession stakes a claim on the ethical basis of knowledge and skills. In this book Richard Hugman examines new approaches in ethics and applies these to the practices and organisation of the caring professions. Hugman addresses debates about the relationship between the individual person and social structures, about pluralism and the possibility of universal values, about the challenges created by industrial society and technology, and about the changing social mandate for the caring professions. These debates are considered from the perspectives of liberalism, feminism, ecology, postmodernism and constructivism. Ideas are explained and the implications for professional ethics are explored using illustrative examples from practice to show their relevance for the caring professions. This book will be essential reading for members of caring professions (especially allied health, medicine, nursing, psychology, social work and teaching) and students entering these professions.

Utilitarianism

DOWNLOAD
Author : J. J. C. Smart
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1973

Utilitarianism written by J. J. C. Smart and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with Philosophy categories.

A serious and controversial work in which the authors contribute essays from opposite points of view on utilitarian assumptions, arguments and ideals.