A Spatial Temporal Analysis Method To Detect Brown Bear Ursus Arctos Home Range Change
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A Spatial Temporal Analysis Method To Detect Brown Bear Ursus Arctos Home Range Change
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Author : P.B. Kooij
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
A Spatial Temporal Analysis Method To Detect Brown Bear Ursus Arctos Home Range Change written by P.B. Kooij and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
In 1984 the Scandinavian Brown Bear Research Project was founded with as main goal to document the basic ecology of the Scandinavian brown bear. This is done by tracking brown bears using radio and GPS equipment. In this thesis these tracking data are used to detect changes in the home ranges of brown bears over a longer period of time (more than two years).
Spatial Temporal Analysis Of Grizzly Bear Habitat Use
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Spatial Temporal Analysis Of Grizzly Bear Habitat Use written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
This research develops spatial-explicit methods to characterize the relationship between wildlife and habitat use and selection. Both home range analysis and resource selection function (RSF) models, two common methods of representing wildlife-habitat associations, are often summarized aspatially. I apply a novel method to home range analysis which quantifies the spatial-temporal patterns of site fidelity and range drift. As a result, the spatial structure of home ranges is described, thus building on current methods which summarize ranges as aspatial metrics, often mean area. Furthermore, I develop a new method to spatially assess the ability of RSF models to predict wildlife occurrence using conditional randomization. As opposed to summarizing RSF model accuracy as a single value, I produce spatially-explicit and mappable outputs. I also demonstrate how this spatial method may be used to improve RSF model results. I apply these two spatial-temporal methods to a case study on adult female grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) in the Northeastern slopes of the Canadian Rockies. Through describing the spatial-temporal pattern of grizzly bear home range change, I determine that offspring status and season impact the size and spatial configuration of a bear's home range. By spatially evaluating the predictive success of a RSF model, I locate and quantify the spatial pattern of areas where the model is under-predicting bear occurrence using Local Moran's I. Further, I evaluate landscape characteristics at these locations and suggest additions to the model which may increase accuracy. Both home range analysis methods and RSF evaluation techniques could assist in conservation by aiding in the delineation of critical grizzly bear habitat areas in both space and time.
Spatial Temporal Analysis Of Grizzly Bear Habitat Use
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Author : Mary Catherine Alexandra Smulders
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Spatial Temporal Analysis Of Grizzly Bear Habitat Use written by Mary Catherine Alexandra Smulders and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
This research develops spatial-explicit methods to characterize the relationship between wildlife and habitat use and selection. Both home range analysis and resource selection function (RSF) models, two common methods of representing wildlife-habitat associations, are often summarized aspatially. I apply a novel method to home range analysis which quantifies the spatial-temporal patterns of site fidelity and range drift. As a result, the spatial structure of home ranges is described, thus building on current methods which summarize ranges as aspatial metrics, often mean area. Furthermore, I develop a new method to spatially assess the ability of RSF models to predict wildlife occurrence using conditional randomization. As opposed to summarizing RSF model accuracy as a single value, I produce spatially-explicit and mappable outputs. I also demonstrate how this spatial method may be used to improve RSF model results. I apply these two spatial-temporal methods to a case study on adult female grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) in the Northeastern slopes of the Canadian Rockies. Through describing the spatial-temporal pattern of grizzly bear home range change, I determine that offspring status and season impact the size and spatial configuration of a bear's home range. By spatially evaluating the predictive success of a RSF model, I locate and quantify the spatial pattern of areas where the model is under-predicting bear occurrence using Local Moran's I. Further, I evaluate landscape characteristics at these locations and suggest additions to the model which may increase accuracy. Both home range analysis methods and RSF evaluation techniques could assist in conservation by aiding in the delineation of critical grizzly bear habitat areas in both space and time.
A Multi Scale Assessment Of Spatial Temporal Change In The Movement Ecology And Habitat Of A Threatened Grizzly Bear Ursus Arctos Population In Alberta Canada
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Author : Mathieu Louis Bourbonnais
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
A Multi Scale Assessment Of Spatial Temporal Change In The Movement Ecology And Habitat Of A Threatened Grizzly Bear Ursus Arctos Population In Alberta Canada written by Mathieu Louis Bourbonnais and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Given current rates of anthropogenic environmental change, combined with the increasing lethal and non-lethal mortality threat that human activities pose, there is a vital need to understand wildlife movement and behaviour in human-dominated landscapes to help inform conservation efforts and wildlife management. As long-term monitoring of wildlife populations using Global Positioning System (GPS) telemetry increases, there are new opportunities to quantify change in wildlife movement and behaviour. The objective of this PhD research is to develop novel methodological approaches for quantifying change in spatial-temporal patterns of wildlife movement and habitat by leveraging long time series of GPS telemetry and remotely sensed data. Analyses were focused on the habitat and movement of individuals in the threatened grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) population of Alberta, Canada, which occupies a human-dominated and heterogeneous landscape. Using methods in functional data analysis, a multivariate regionalization approach was developed that effectively summarizes complex spatial-temporal patterns associated with landscape disturbance, as well as recovery, which is often left unaccounted in studies quantifying patterns associated with disturbance. Next, the quasi-experimental framework afforded by a hunting moratorium was used to compare the influence of lethal (i.e., hunting) and non-lethal (i.e., anthropogenic disturbance) human-induced risk on antipredator behaviour of an apex predator, the grizzly bear. In support of the predation risk allocation hypothesis, male bears significantly decrease risky daytime behaviours by 122% during periods of high lethal human-induced risk. Rapid behavioural restoration occurred following the end of the hunt, characterized by diel bimodal movement patterns which may promote coexistence of large predators in human-dominated landscapes. A multi-scale approach using hierarchical Bayesian models, combined with post hoc trend tests and change point detection, was developed to test the influence of landscape disturbance and conditions on grizzly bear home range and movement selection over time. The results, representing the first longitudinal empirical analysis of grizzly bear habitat selection, revealed selection for habitat security at broad scales and for resource availability and habitat permeability at finer spatial scales, which has influenced potential landscape connectivity over time. Finally, combining approaches in movement ecology and conservation physiology, a body condition index was used to characterize how the physiological condition (i.e., internal state) of grizzly bears influences behavioral patterns due to costs and benefits associated with risk avoidance and resource acquisition. The results demonstrated individuals in poorer condition were more likely to engage in risky behaviour associated with anthropogenic disturbance, which highlights complex challenges for carnivore conservation and management of human-carnivore conflict. In summary, this dissertation contributes 1) a multivariate regionalization approach for quantifying spatial-temporal patterns of landscape disturbance and recovery applicable across diverse natural systems, 2) support for the growing theory that apex predators modify behavioural patterns to account for temporal overlap with lethal and non-lethal human-induced risk associated with humans, 3) an integrated approach for considering multi-scale spatial-temporal change in patterns of wildlife habitat selection and landscape connectivity associated with landscape change, 4) a cross-disciplinary framework for considering the impacts of the internal state on behavioural patterns and risk tolerance.
Spatio Temporal Analysis Of Brown Bear Ursus Arctos Interactions In The Mating Season
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Author : D. Haberkorn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Spatio Temporal Analysis Of Brown Bear Ursus Arctos Interactions In The Mating Season written by D. Haberkorn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Impact Of Climate Change On Bear Movement Regarding Berry Foraging
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Author : E. Pier
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Impact Of Climate Change On Bear Movement Regarding Berry Foraging written by E. Pier and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Little is known about the berry abundance influencing the brown bear (Ursus Arctos) distribution in central Sweden. It is not yet known what happens when this main food source (berries) during the hyperphagia will become less abundant as normal, which may happen due to a changing climate. The berries are estimated to contribute for about 45% of annual energy intake. On average the berry season lasts from mid-July till the end of October. The bear data of only August is used to find correlations between berry abundance and bear behaviour. The MODIS composite NDVI imagery is used to find evidence for global warming by extracting plant phenology parameters with Timesat. The results are compared over a period of 8 years (2003-2010). The suggested increase in growing season length (indication of global warming) was not found in the study area. There are however other spatial trends found in the study area, e.g. a negative correlation between elevation with the growing season length. To find out whether the berry abundance has an influence on the bear behaviour it is necessary to know where these berries are located. After some methods to improve the image quality (i.e. gap filled and pan-sharpened Landsat 7 imagery) it was tried to find these berry locations. The resolution of the imagery is however too coarse (15m) and it is spectrally not detailed enough to distinguish berries from other vegetation. This is partially the result of the growing conditions of the berry shrubs (partial shadow of trees). In this research 6 brown bears are tracked for 6 years (2004-2009). The locations are used to find correlations between bear behaviour (travelled distance, home range size, land use selection and bear-human interactions) during the berry season and the berry yields provided by the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU). The bears show ambiguous behaviour and therefore it can be concluded that not only the berries influence the bear behaviour. This can be underpinned by the fact that the phenology parameter values (e.g. length of season and max NDVI) at berry locations show ambiguous results with the bear density. The bears are also influenced by their reproductive status and dominance relationships. Previous studies suggested difference in bear behaviour regarding reproductive status. Therefore it is recommended to make a longer time series and add these missing bear behaviour parameters.
Predation In Vertebrate Communities
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Author : Bogumila Jedrzejewska
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11
Predation In Vertebrate Communities written by Bogumila Jedrzejewska and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Science categories.
Predation, one of the most dramatic interactions in animals' lives, has long fascinated ecologists. This volume presents carnivores, raptors and their prey in the complicated net of interrelationships, and shows them against the background of their biotic and abiotic settings. It is based on long-term research conducted in the best preserved woodland of Europe's temperate zone. The role of predation, whether limiting or regulating prey (ungulate, rodent, shrew, bird, and amphibian) populations, is quantified and compared to parts played by other factors: climate, food resources for prey, and availability of other potential resources for predators.
Macropods
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Author : Graeme Coulson
language : en
Publisher: CSIRO PUBLISHING
Release Date : 2010-02-03
Macropods written by Graeme Coulson and has been published by CSIRO PUBLISHING this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-02-03 with Science categories.
This book covers the proceedings of a major 2006 symposium on macropods that brought together the many recent advances in the biology of this diverse group of marsupials, including research on some of the much neglected macropods such as the antilopine wallaroo, the swamp wallaby and tree-kangaroos. More than 80 authors have contributed 32 chapters, which are grouped into four themes: genetics, reproduction and development; morphology and physiology; ecology; and management. The book examines such topics as embryonic development, immune function, molar progression and mesial drift, locomotory energetics, non-shivering thermogenesis, mycophagy, habitat preferences, population dynamics, juvenile mortality in drought, harvesting, overabundant species, road-kills, fertility control, threatened species, cross-fostering, translocation and reintroduction. It also highlights the application of new techniques, from genomics to GIS. Macropods is an important reference for academics and students, researchers in molecular and ecological sciences, wildlife and park managers, and naturalists.
Spatial Capture Recapture
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Author : J. Andrew Royle
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2013-08-27
Spatial Capture Recapture written by J. Andrew Royle and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-27 with Science categories.
Spatial Capture-Recapture provides a comprehensive how-to manual with detailed examples of spatial capture-recapture models based on current technology and knowledge. Spatial Capture-Recapture provides you with an extensive step-by-step analysis of many data sets using different software implementations. The authors' approach is practical – it embraces Bayesian and classical inference strategies to give the reader different options to get the job done. In addition, Spatial Capture-Recapture provides data sets, sample code and computing scripts in an R package. Comprehensive reference on revolutionary new methods in ecology makes this the first and only book on the topic Every methodological element has a detailed worked example with a code template, allowing you to learn by example Includes an R package that contains all computer code and data sets on companion website
Canadian Journal Of Zoology
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013-07
Canadian Journal Of Zoology written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07 with Zoology categories.