A World Becoming Cashless Description And Analysis
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A World Becoming Cashless Description And Analysis
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Author : Henrik Fürst
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2017-02-15
A World Becoming Cashless Description And Analysis written by Henrik Fürst and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-15 with Business & Economics categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject Economics - Finance, grade: 10,0, University of Southern Denmark, language: English, abstract: The history of the evolution of money also shows how the human beings developed itself on a mental way. Starting with a so called "Barter economy" where for example animals like cows and sheep where used as kind of "currency" or rather "exchange product", years later going over to using shells as currency and finally ended up with money as we know it today, as paper- and metal-money. As mentioned, bartering where a common way of "paying", which basically means, that to receive some goods, you had to give some other goods. To avoid disagreements of the value of different goods, commodity money was invented. Commodity money were daily goods, like salt. That some commodity goods brought problems like the size or defensibility, was found out later. The Lydian's were the first folk, who invented coins. Decades later the Chinese were the first ones, who invented paper money. This invention of coins, named commodity money, quick became a worldwide used item. From now on, a "customers" needs could easier be fulfilled, since there was something that had a certain value. By inventing the first representative money, the society especially in Europe where allowed to enter a totally new era. Banks created the first so-called currency market, international trade activities where possible and the value of a countries currency depended on its political behavior. During the 17th century, commodity money slowly got replaced by representative money, since global bank and trade networks were steadily increased. Representative money is in form of paper bills or guarantees of the bank. Later the value of money for the first time was tied up to gold, the gold standard. Since the economy kept on growing, representative money got replaced by fiat money. Enforceable legal tender laws have been made, which basically means that the money's value is given by the governments decree and fiat. Free capital was invented. The growth of economic sectors was significantly fostered by this invention, but also the chance to make debts.
Building A Cashless Society
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Author : Niklas Arvidsson
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-02-22
Building A Cashless Society written by Niklas Arvidsson and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-22 with Business & Economics categories.
This open access book tells the story of how Sweden is becoming a virtually cashless society. Its goal is to improve readers’ understanding of what is driving this transition, and of the factors that are fostering and hampering it. In doing so, the book covers the role of central banks, political factors, needs for innovation, and the stakeholders involved in developing a cashless ecosystem. Adopting a historical standpoint, and drawing on a unique dataset, it presents an academic perspective on Sweden’s leading role in this global trend. The global interest in the future of cash payments makes the Swedish case particularly interesting. As a country that is close to becoming a cashless economy, it offers a role model for many other countries to learn from - whether they want to stimulate or reduce the use of cash. This highly topical book will be of interest to politicians, researchers, businesses, financial service providers and payment service providers, as well as fintech start-ups, regulators and other authorities.
The Cashless Revolution
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Author : Martin Chorzempa
language : en
Publisher: Hachette UK
Release Date : 2022-10-04
The Cashless Revolution written by Martin Chorzempa and has been published by Hachette UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-04 with Business & Economics categories.
Financial Times, Best Books of 2022: Economics The startling picture of how China’s revolution in finance and technology is changing both Wall Street and the way individuals manage their personal finances. The future of finance – the way Wall Street operates and how individuals manage their money - is on the verge of upheaval. And the force underlying the change comes from China, where finance and technology are being merged into a system with consequences that resonate far beyond China’s border. The changes of this global revolution in finance and technology - fintech - will be as powerful as those wrought in social media, retailing and advertising by giants such as Amazon, Facebook, Google, and Twitter, which have overturned how we shop and communicate. China reinvented money with lightning speed, transforming a backward, antiquated cash-based finance system into one centered on super-apps created by technology giants Alibaba and Tencent. More powerful than anything available outside of China, they allow their billion users to pay, borrow, invest, buy goods and services, travel, chat (and far more) all fused together in one mobile phone application. Think Facebook, Google, Twitter, Goldman Sachs, Amazon, J.P. Morgan Chase all rolled into one app. We in the West need to understand China’s cashless revolution for reasons ranging from the macroeconomic to issues of personal liberty: The cutting edge of finance is now in China, forcing major financial firms in the United States and the West to figure out how not to be left behind.. China’s cashless revolution is also a harbinger of our future if we let the genie out of the bottle and allow big tech to become big finance. As money goes digital and central banks around the world consider launching digital currencies, we may have both immense convenience and a frightening concentration of power that could violate our privacy, stifle competition, increase financial risk, and give big firms or the government more control over our financial lives. And, once this genie is out of the bottle, the struggle to put it back in may be impossible.
The Global Findex Database 2017
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Author : Asli Demirguc-Kunt
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2018-04-19
The Global Findex Database 2017 written by Asli Demirguc-Kunt and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-19 with Business & Economics categories.
In 2011 the World Bank—with funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation—launched the Global Findex database, the world's most comprehensive data set on how adults save, borrow, make payments, and manage risk. Drawing on survey data collected in collaboration with Gallup, Inc., the Global Findex database covers more than 140 economies around the world. The initial survey round was followed by a second one in 2014 and by a third in 2017. Compiled using nationally representative surveys of more than 150,000 adults age 15 and above in over 140 economies, The Global Findex Database 2017: Measuring Financial Inclusion and the Fintech Revolution includes updated indicators on access to and use of formal and informal financial services. It has additional data on the use of financial technology (or fintech), including the use of mobile phones and the Internet to conduct financial transactions. The data reveal opportunities to expand access to financial services among people who do not have an account—the unbanked—as well as to promote greater use of digital financial services among those who do have an account. The Global Findex database has become a mainstay of global efforts to promote financial inclusion. In addition to being widely cited by scholars and development practitioners, Global Findex data are used to track progress toward the World Bank goal of Universal Financial Access by 2020 and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The database, the full text of the report, and the underlying country-level data for all figures—along with the questionnaire, the survey methodology, and other relevant materials—are available at www.worldbank.org/globalfindex.
Unpacking E Commerce Business Models Trends And Policies
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2019-06-06
Unpacking E Commerce Business Models Trends And Policies written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-06 with categories.
As digital transformation has accelerated, the e-commerce landscape has become increasingly dynamic. New players have emerged at the same time that established actors have taken on new roles; some barriers to e-commerce at the firm, individual and country levels have been overcome, while other barriers have emerged. Innovative business models have transformed buyer-seller relationships and pushed out the frontier of what is possible to buy and sell online.
The Book Of Payments
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Author : Bernardo Batiz-Lazo
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-12-04
The Book Of Payments written by Bernardo Batiz-Lazo and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-12-04 with Business & Economics categories.
This book examines the nature of retail financial transaction infrastructures. Contributions assume a long-term outlook in their exploration of the key financial processes and systems that support a global transition to a cashless economy. The volume offers both modern and historic accounts that demonstrate the constantly changing role of payment instruments. It brings together different theoretical approaches to the study, re-examining and forecasting changes in retail payment systems. Chapters explore a global transition to a cashless society and contemplate future alternatives to cash, cheques and plastic, featuring the perspectives of academics from different disciplines in conversation and industry participants from six continents. Readers are invited to discover the innovation in payment systems and how it co-evolves with changes in society and organisations through personal, corporate and governmental processes.
The Future Of Money
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Author : Eswar S. Prasad
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2021-09-28
The Future Of Money written by Eswar S. Prasad and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-28 with Business & Economics categories.
A cutting-edge look at how accelerating financial change, from the end of cash to the rise of cryptocurrencies, will transform economies for better and worse. We think weÕve seen financial innovation. We bank from laptops and buy coffee with the wave of a phone. But these are minor miracles compared with the dizzying experiments now underway around the globe, as businesses and governments alike embrace the possibilities of new financial technologies. As Eswar Prasad explains, the world of finance is at the threshold of major disruption that will affect corporations, bankers, states, and indeed all of us. The transformation of money will fundamentally rewrite how ordinary people live. Above all, Prasad foresees the end of physical cash. The driving force wonÕt be phones or credit cards but rather central banks, spurred by the emergence of cryptocurrencies to develop their own, more stable digital currencies. Meanwhile, cryptocurrencies themselves will evolve unpredictably as global corporations like Facebook and Amazon join the game. The changes will be accompanied by snowballing innovations that are reshaping finance and have already begun to revolutionize how we invest, trade, insure, and manage risk. Prasad shows how these and other changes will redefine the very concept of money, unbundling its traditional functions as a unit of account, medium of exchange, and store of value. The promise lies in greater efficiency and flexibility, increased sensitivity to the needs of diverse consumers, and improved market access for the unbanked. The risk is instability, lack of accountability, and erosion of privacy. A lucid, visionary work, The Future of Money shows how to maximize the best and guard against the worst of what is to come.
Maintaining Financial Stability In Times Of Risk And Uncertainty
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Author : Behl, Abhishek
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2018-12-04
Maintaining Financial Stability In Times Of Risk And Uncertainty written by Behl, Abhishek and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-04 with Business & Economics categories.
Risks and uncertainties?market, financial, operational, social, humanitarian, environmental, and institutional?are the inherent realities of the modern world. Stock market crashes, demonetization of currency, and climate change constitute just a few examples that can adversely impact financial institutions across the globe. To mitigate these risks and avoid a financial crisis, a better understanding of how the economy responds to uncertainties is needed. Maintaining Financial Stability in Times of Risk and Uncertainty is an essential reference source that discusses how risks and uncertainties affect the financial stability and security of individuals and institutions, as well as probable solutions to mitigate risk and achieve financial resilience under uncertainty. Featuring research on topics such as financial fraud, insurance ombudsman, and Knightian uncertainty, this book is developed for researchers, academicians, policymakers, students, and scholars.
The Macroeconomics Of De Cashing
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Author : Mr.Alexei P Kireyev
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2017-03-27
The Macroeconomics Of De Cashing written by Mr.Alexei P Kireyev and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-27 with Business & Economics categories.
The paper presents a simple framework for the analysis of the macroeconomic implications of de-cashing. Defined as replacing paper currency with convertible deposits, de-cashing would affect all key macroeconomic sectors. The overall macreconomic impact of de-cashing would depend on the balance of growth-enhancing and growth-constraining factors. Starting from a traditional saving-investment balance, the paper develops a four-sector macroeconomic framework. It is purely illustrative and is designed to provide a roadmap for a systematic evaluation of de-cashing. The framework is disaggregated into the real, fiscal, monetary, and external sectors and potential implications of de-cashing are then identified in each sector. Finally, the paper draws a balance on possible positive and negative macroeconomic implications of de-cashing, and proposes policies capable of augmenting its economic and social benefits, while reducing potential costs.
The Payment System
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Author : Mr.Bruce J. Summers
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1994-12-15
The Payment System written by Mr.Bruce J. Summers and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-12-15 with Business & Economics categories.
This book makes a practical contribution to increased understanding of payment system design and management and of the relationship between the payment system and monetary policy. The authors of the twelve papers included in the book are central banking experts from around the world who draw on their experiences in providing technical assistance to the central banks of the countries of the former U.S.S.R.