Accelerator Driven Subcritical Reactors
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Accelerator Driven Subcritical Reactors
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Author : H Nifenecker
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2003-06-01
Accelerator Driven Subcritical Reactors written by H Nifenecker and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-06-01 with Science categories.
This book describes the basic knowledge in nuclear, neutron, and reactor physics necessary for understanding the principle and implementation of accelerator driven subcritical nuclear reactors (ADSRs), also known as hybrid reactors. Since hybrid reactors may contribute to future nuclear energy production, the book begins with a discussion of the general energy problem. It proceeds by developing the elementary physics of neutron reactors, including the basic nuclear physics involved. The book then presents computational methods, with special emphasis on Monte Carlo methods. It examines the specifics of ADSR, starting from the neutron spallation source to safety features. A thorough discussion is given on the size of hybrid reactors, which follows very different constraints from that of critical reactors. The possibility to optimize the source importance is examined in detail. The discussion of the fuel evolution follows with its relevance to safety and to the waste production and incineration. The conditions for having a constant reactivity over sufficiently long lapse of time are also discussed. The book also evaluates a number of practical designs that have been proposed. Finally, the last chapter deals with the examination of proposed and possible waste transmutation policies and the role which could be played by ADSR in this context. The potential advantage of the Thorium cycle is discussed as well as different scenarios that could be used to implement it.
Spent Nuclear Fuel And Accelerator Driven Subcritical Systems
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Author : Vinod Kumar Verma
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-10-12
Spent Nuclear Fuel And Accelerator Driven Subcritical Systems written by Vinod Kumar Verma and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-12 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book offers a comprehensive overview of the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuels, and discusses the applications of radiation, particularly spallation neutrons and gamma rays. The unspent nuclear fuel of a reactor amounts to roughly 95 per cent of the loaded fuel. It contains both fertile and fissile fuels, minor and higher actinides and radioactive fission products. In 2015, out of approximately 4 million metric tons of spent fuel, only 90,000 metric tons was reprocessed worldwide; the rest was either sent to repositories, kept for cooling down, or put on a waiting list for future reprocessing. With regard to the direct reutilization of spent nuclear fuel, the new technique of ‘Energy Amplifiers’ has attracted considerable attention among the nuclear energy community. Presenting extensive information on this technique, the book is divided into eight major sections: (i) spent nuclear fuel and alternative transmutation methods, (ii) general concept of accelerator-driven subcritical systems (ADSS), (iii) spallation neutron sources and the possibility of incineration, (iv) requirements for nuclear data, (v) transmutation of spent nuclear fuel and extension of the fuel cycle, (vi) spallation neutron production facilities, (vii) major experimental facilities for ADSS, and (viii) software tools for the design and modelling of ADSS. The book is ideally suited as a textbook for graduate students as well as a reference guide for researchers and practitioners.
Applications Of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date :
Applications Of High Intensity Proton Accelerators written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Status Of Accelerator Driven Systems Research And Technology Development
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Author : International Atomic Energy Agency
language : en
Publisher: IAEA Tecdoc
Release Date : 2015
Status Of Accelerator Driven Systems Research And Technology Development written by International Atomic Energy Agency and has been published by IAEA Tecdoc this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Science categories.
One of the greatest challenges for nuclear energy is how to properly manage the highly radioactive waste generated during irradiation in nuclear reactors. Accelerator Driven Systems (ADSs) may offer new prospects and advantages for the transmutation of such high level nuclear waste. ADS or accelerator driven transmutation of waste (ATW) consists of a high power proton accelerator, a heavy metal spallation target that produces neutrons when bombarded by the high power beam, and a sub-critical core that is neutronically coupled to the spallation target. This publication provides a comprehensive state of the art of the ADS technology by representing the different ADS concepts proposed worldwide in the last 15 years, as well as the related R&D activities and demonstration initiatives carried out at national international level.
Proceedings Of The Workshop On Applications Of High Intensity Proton Accelerators
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Author : Rajendran Raja
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2010
Proceedings Of The Workshop On Applications Of High Intensity Proton Accelerators written by Rajendran Raja and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Science categories.
This volume captures the contents of the talks given at the Workshop on Applications of High Intensity Proton Accelerators held at Fermilab Oct 19ndash;21, 2009. This workshop brought together experts from a variety of disciplines to explore new and profound ways proton accelerators can be used in the future. The workshop explored uses of such a proton source for producing intense muon, kaon and neutrino beams as well as using the intense protons for new forms of nuclear reactors that go by the name Accelerator Driven Sub-critical systems that promise to increase our available nuclear fuel supply by orders of magnitude while at the same time solving the nuclear waste problem. Intense proton beams can also be used to produce short-lived nuclear isotopes that are important in the medical industry.
Climate Change And Energy Options For A Sustainable Future
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Author : Dinesh Kumar Srivastava
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2021-02-02
Climate Change And Energy Options For A Sustainable Future written by Dinesh Kumar Srivastava and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-02 with Science categories.
'This book could not be more timely — published after a year that saw the costliest slew of weather disasters in history along with one of the deadliest pandemic, the emergence and spread of which is linked to climate change ... This book will be a valuable resource for scientists, policy makers but also educators and especially a young generation of readers who want to be informed citizens shaping the right choices for their local communities but also as cosmopolitan citizens of the world.'Journal of Indian Physics AssociationThe signs of global warming can be seen everywhere — hotter summers, frequent heavy rains, prolonged droughts, more severe forest fires, fiercer storms (including snow storms) and cyclones, as well as melting polar ice caps. Our indiscriminate actions are raising the spectre of millions of climate refugees who are victims of battles for water, crops, fish, and so on. It is poignant that the poorer countries, that are the least equipped to face these calamities have contributed the least to global warming, but are the worst hit.Only a concerted effort from the entire world by a rapid transition to renewable, clean and green energy sources, while checking wastage, deforestation and pollution, and a genuine adjustment in lifestyles towards moderation can avert the Earth, the only habitable planet we know, from turning into a hothouse.
Proceedings Of The Workshop On Utilisation And Reliability Of High Power Proton Accelerators
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Author : NEA Nuclear Science Committee
language : en
Publisher: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Release Date : 1999
Proceedings Of The Workshop On Utilisation And Reliability Of High Power Proton Accelerators written by NEA Nuclear Science Committee and has been published by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The use of high power particle accelerators in various areas of applied nuclear science is presented with special emphasis on accelerator driven reactor systems (ADS) for transmutation of nuclear waste.
Utilisation And Reliability Of High Power Proton Accelerators
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2003
Utilisation And Reliability Of High Power Proton Accelerators written by and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Business & Economics categories.
This publication presents the proceedings of a NEA workshop, held in May 2002 in the US, to discuss RandD activities regarding the use of high power proton accelerators in nuclear energy systems. Issues discussed include: the reliability of the accelerator and the impact of beam interruptions on the design and performance of accelerator-driven systems; spallation target design characteristics and their impact on the subcritical system design; safety and operational characteristics of a subcritical system driven by a spallation source; and test facilities.
Accelerator Driven System At Kyoto University Critical Assembly
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Author : Cheol Ho Pyeon
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2021-03-20
Accelerator Driven System At Kyoto University Critical Assembly written by Cheol Ho Pyeon and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-20 with Science categories.
This open access book is a unique compilation of experimental benchmark analyses of the accelerator-driven system (ADS) at the Kyoto University Critical Assembly (KUCA) on the most recent advances in the development of computational methods. It is devoted especially to nuclear engineers and scientists. Readers will find a detailed description of advanced measurement techniques and calculation methodologies for the ADS with 14 MeV neutrons and high-energy neutrons (with combined use of 100 MeV protons and Pb-Bi target) at KUCA. Additionally, experimental results of nuclear transmutation of minor actinides by ADS and at a critical state are included. Readers also have access to benchmarks of specific ADS experiments with raw data in the Appendix. The book is a valuable resource for the ADS experiments at KUCA which are globally recognized as both static and kinetic studies from the point of view of fundamental research.
Thorium Energy For The World
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Author : Jean-Pierre Revol
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-04-05
Thorium Energy For The World written by Jean-Pierre Revol and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-05 with Science categories.
The Thorium Energy Conference (ThEC13) gathered some of the world’s leading experts on thorium technologies to review the possibility of destroying nuclear waste in the short term, and replacing the uranium fuel cycle in nuclear systems with the thorium fuel cycle in the long term. The latter would provide abundant, reliable and safe energy with no CO2 production, no air pollution, and minimal waste production. The participants, representatives of 30 countries, included Carlo Rubbia, Nobel Prize Laureate in physics and inventor of the Energy Amplifier; Jack Steinberger, Nobel Prize Laureate in physics; Hans Blix, former Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Rolf Heuer, Director General of CERN; Pascal Couchepin, former President of the Swiss Confederation; and Claude Haegi, President of the FEDRE, to name just a few. The ThEC13 proceedings are a source of reference on the use of thorium for energy generation. They offer detailed technical reviews of the status of thorium energy technologies, from basic R&D to industrial developments. They also describe how thorium can be used in critical reactors and in subcritical accelerator-driven systems (ADS), answering the important questions: – Why is thorium so attractive and what is the role of innovation, in particular in the nuclear energy domain? – What are the national and international R&D programs on thorium technologies and how are they progressing? ThEC13 was organized jointly by the international Thorium Energy Committee (iThEC), an association based in Geneva, and the International Thorium Energy Organisation (IThEO). It was held in the Globe of Science and Innovation at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland, in October 2013.