Addressing China S Growing Water Shortages And Associated Social And Environmental Consequences
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Addressing China S Growing Water Shortages And Associated Social And Environmental Consequences
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Author : Zmarak Shalizi
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2006
Addressing China S Growing Water Shortages And Associated Social And Environmental Consequences written by Zmarak Shalizi and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with China categories.
"China has experienced a wide-scale and rapid transformation from an agricultural based economy to the manufacturing workshop of the world. The associated relocation of the population from relatively low density rural areas to very high density urban areas is having a significant impact on the quantity and quality of water available as inputs into the production and consumption process, as well as the ability of the water system to absorb and neutralize the waste byproducts deposited into it. Water shortages are most severe in the north of the country, where surface water diversion is excessive and groundwater is being depleted. In addition, the quality of water is deteriorating because of pollution, thereby aggravating existing water shortages. The biggest challenge ahead will be for national and local governments to craft policies and rules within China's complex cultural and legal administrative system that provide incentives for users to increase efficiency of water use, and for polluters to clean up the water they use and return clean water to stream flows. Using a standard public economics framework, water requirements for public goods-such as ecosystem needs-should be set aside first, before allocating property rights in water (to enable water markets to function and generate efficient allocation signals). Even then, water markets will have to be regulated to ensure public goods, such as public health, are not compromised. Until water markets are implemented, staying the course on increasing water and wastewater prices administratively and encouraging water conservation are necessary to reduce the wasting of current scarce water resources, as well as the new water supplies to be provided in the future. "--World Bank web site.
Addressing China S Growing Water Shortages And Associated Social And Environmental Consequences
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Author : Zmarak Shalizi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Addressing China S Growing Water Shortages And Associated Social And Environmental Consequences written by Zmarak Shalizi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
China has experienced a wide-scale and rapid transformation from an agricultural based economy to the manufacturing workshop of the world. The associated relocation ofthe population from relatively low density rural areas to very high density urban areas is having a significant impact on the quantity and quality of water available as inputs into the production and consumption process, as well as the ability of the water system to absorb and neutralize the waste byproducts deposited into it. Water shortages are most severe in the north of the country, where surface water diversion is excessive and groundwater is being depleted. In addition, the quality of water is deteriorating because of pollution, thereby aggravating existing water shortages. The biggest challenge ahead will be for national and local governments to craft policies and rules within China's complex cultural and legal administrative system that provide incentives for users to increase efficiency of water use, and for polluters to clean up the water they use and return clean water to stream flows. Using a standard public economics framework, water requirements for public goods - such as ecosystem needs - should be set aside first, before allocating property rights in water (to enable water markets to function and generate efficient allocation signals). Even then, water markets will have to be regulated to ensure public goods, such as public health, are not compromised. Until water markets are implemented, staying the course on increasing water and wastewater prices administratively and encouraging water conservation are necessary to reduce the wasting of current scarce water resources, as well as the new water supplies to be provided in the future.
Addressing China S Water Scarcity
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2009
Addressing China S Water Scarcity written by and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Nature categories.
This report reviews China's water scarcity situation, assesses the policy and institutional requirements for addressing it, and recommends key areas for strengthening and reform. It is a synthesis of the main findings and recommendations from analytical work and case studies prepared under the World Bank Analytical and Advisory Assistance (AAA) program entitled 'Addressing China's Water Scarcity: from Analysis to Action.' These studies focus on several strategically important thematic areas for China where additional research was needed, as identified by the research team and advisory group based on a review of pressing issues. These areas are governance, water rights, pricing, ecological compensation, pollution control, and emergency response. The approach has been to evaluate Chinese and international experience to identify policy and institutional factors that have proven effective in promoting the adoption of water conservation and pollution reduction technologies. The research was based on literature reviews, qualitative and quantitative policy analyses, household surveys, field trips, and case studies to develop feasible recommendations for a plan of action based on realities on the ground.
China And Sustainable Development In Latin America
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Author : Rebecca Ray
language : en
Publisher: Anthem Press
Release Date : 2017-01-02
China And Sustainable Development In Latin America written by Rebecca Ray and has been published by Anthem Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-02 with Social Science categories.
During Latin America’s China-led commodity boom, governments turned a blind eye to the inherent flaws in the region’s economic policy. Now that the commodity boom is coming to an end, those flaws cannot be ignored. High on the list of shortcomings is the fact that Latin American governments—and Chinese investors—largely fell short of mitigating the social and environmental impacts of commodity-led growth. The recent commodity boom exacerbated pressure on the region’s waterways and forests, accentuating threats to human health, biodiversity, global climate change and local livelihoods. China and Sustainable Development in Latin America documents the social and environmental impact of the China-led commodity boom in the region. It also highlights important areas of innovation, like Chile’s solar energy sector, in which governments, communities and investors worked together to harness the commodity boom for the benefit of the people and the planet.
Addressing Water Security In The People S Republic Of China
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Author : Asian Development Bank
language : en
Publisher: Asian Development Bank
Release Date : 2016-10-01
Addressing Water Security In The People S Republic Of China written by Asian Development Bank and has been published by Asian Development Bank this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Although accounting for about 20% of the global population, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) is endowed with only 7% of the world’s water resources. The country faces severe water scarcity, high levels of urbanization and population growth, and climate change. For the PRC’s continuing development, it must protect and develop its freshwater resources. This publication provides recommended policy initiatives to ensure the PRC’s 13th Five-Year Plan (2016–2020) contributes to significant improvements in national water security, particularly in extreme water-scarce provinces. Some actions proposed for increased water security are better water resources management, more cross-sector planning, deeper reform of the water pricing system, and creation of water markets.
Water Supply And Water Scarcity
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Author : Vasileios A. Tzanakakis
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2020-11-04
Water Supply And Water Scarcity written by Vasileios A. Tzanakakis and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-04 with Science categories.
This Book includes selected papers that has been published in the Water journal Special Issue (SI) on Water Supply and Water Scarcity. Moreover, an overview of the SI is included. The papers selected for publication in the SI include review and research papers on water history, on water management issues under water scarcity regimes, on rainwater harvesting, on water quality and degradation, and on climatic variability impacts on water resources. Overall, the issue identify and highlight the main challenges in water sector, and particularly in management and protection of water resources and in use of alternative (non-conventional) water resources, especially in areas with demographic change and climate vulnerability in order to achieve sustainable and secure water supply. Furthermore, general guidelines and possible solutions for an improved and sophisticated water management system are proposed and discussed, such as the adoption of advanced technological solutions and practices that improve water-use efficiency and the use of alternative water resources, to address the growing environmental and health issues and to reduce the emerging conflicts among water users.
China S Water Crisis
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Author : Jun Ma
language : en
Publisher: Eastbridge Books
Release Date : 2004-02
China S Water Crisis written by Jun Ma and has been published by Eastbridge Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-02 with categories.
China's Water Crisis describes in detail the history of floods, water scarcity, and pollution problems in all seven of China's major drainage basins and proposes solutions for future sustainable management. The book has been described as the first major contribution to China's nascent environmental movement.
Parameters
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Parameters written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Military art and science categories.
Domestic Trends In The United States China And Iran
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Author : John IV Gordon
language : en
Publisher: Rand Corporation
Release Date : 2009-01-13
Domestic Trends In The United States China And Iran written by John IV Gordon and has been published by Rand Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-13 with Political Science categories.
The U.S. Navy faces uncertainty about the degree to which it will have to prepare for a high-end future conflict versus the so-called Long War. To help the Navy understand how critical near-, mid-, and far-term trends in the United States, China, and Iran might influence U.S. security decisions in general and the Navy's investments in particular, RAND examined emerging domestic and regional nonmilitary trends in each of the three countries.
China S Influence On Non Trade Concerns In International Economic Law
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Author : Paolo Davide Farah
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-10-14
China S Influence On Non Trade Concerns In International Economic Law written by Paolo Davide Farah and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-14 with Law categories.
This volume examines the range of Non-Trade Concerns (NTCs) that may conflict with international economic rules and proposes ways to protect them within international law and international economic law. Globalization without local concerns can endanger relevant issues such as good governance, human rights, right to water, right to food, social, economic, cultural and environmental rights, labor rights, access to knowledge, public health, social welfare, consumer interests and animal welfare, climate change, energy, environmental protection and sustainable development, product safety, food safety and security. Focusing on China, the book shows the current trends of Chinese law and policy towards international standards. The authors argue that China can play a leading role in this context: not only has China adopted several reforms and new regulations to address NTCs; but it has started to play a very relevant role in international negotiations on NTCs such as climate change, energy, and culture, among others. While China is still considered a developing country, in particular from the NTCs’ point of view, it promises to be a key actor in international law in general and, more specifically, in international economic law in this respect. This volume assesses, taking into consideration its special context, China’s behavior internally and externally to understand its role and influence in shaping NTCs in the context of international economic law.