Adolphe Quetelet Social Physics And The Average Men Of Science 1796 1874
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Adolphe Quetelet Social Physics And The Average Men Of Science 1796 1874
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Author : Kevin Donnelly
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-10-06
Adolphe Quetelet Social Physics And The Average Men Of Science 1796 1874 written by Kevin Donnelly and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-06 with Science categories.
Adolphe Quetelet was an influential scientist whose controversial work was condemned by John Stuart Mill and Charles Dickens. He was in contact with many Victorian elite, including Babbage, Herschel and Faraday. This is the first scholarly biography of Quetelet, exploring his contribution to quantitative reasoning and place in intellectual history.
Adolphe Quetelet Social Physics And The Average Men Of Science 1796 1874
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Author : Kevin Padraic Donnelly
language : en
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Press
Release Date : 2015-06-15
Adolphe Quetelet Social Physics And The Average Men Of Science 1796 1874 written by Kevin Padraic Donnelly and has been published by University of Pittsburgh Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-15 with Science categories.
Adolphe Quetelet was an influential astronomer and statistician whose controversial work inspired heated debate in European and American intellectual circles. In creating a science designed to explain the "average man," he helped contribute to the idea of normal, most enduringly in his creation of the Quetelet Index, which came to be known as the Body Mass Index. Kevin Donnelly presents the first scholarly biography of Quetelet, exploring his contribution to quantitative reasoning, his place in nineteenth-century intellectual history, and his profound influence on the modern idea of average.
How Data Happened A History From The Age Of Reason To The Age Of Algorithms
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Author : Chris Wiggins
language : en
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
Release Date : 2023-03-21
How Data Happened A History From The Age Of Reason To The Age Of Algorithms written by Chris Wiggins and has been published by W. W. Norton & Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-03-21 with Technology & Engineering categories.
“Fascinating.” —Jill Lepore, The New Yorker A sweeping history of data and its technical, political, and ethical impact on our world. From facial recognition—capable of checking people into flights or identifying undocumented residents—to automated decision systems that inform who gets loans and who receives bail, each of us moves through a world determined by data-empowered algorithms. But these technologies didn’t just appear: they are part of a history that goes back centuries, from the census enshrined in the US Constitution to the birth of eugenics in Victorian Britain to the development of Google search. Expanding on the popular course they created at Columbia University, Chris Wiggins and Matthew L. Jones illuminate the ways in which data has long been used as a tool and a weapon in arguing for what is true, as well as a means of rearranging or defending power. They explore how data was created and curated, as well as how new mathematical and computational techniques developed to contend with that data serve to shape people, ideas, society, military operations, and economies. Although technology and mathematics are at its heart, the story of data ultimately concerns an unstable game among states, corporations, and people. How were new technical and scientific capabilities developed; who supported, advanced, or funded these capabilities or transitions; and how did they change who could do what, from what, and to whom? Wiggins and Jones focus on these questions as they trace data’s historical arc, and look to the future. By understanding the trajectory of data—where it has been and where it might yet go—Wiggins and Jones argue that we can understand how to bend it to ends that we collectively choose, with intentionality and purpose.
Politics Statistics And Weather Forecasting 1840 1910
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Author : Aitor Anduaga
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-07-12
Politics Statistics And Weather Forecasting 1840 1910 written by Aitor Anduaga and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-12 with Science categories.
Weather forecasting is the most visible branch of meteorology and has its modern roots in the nineteenth century when scientists redefined meteorology in the way weather forecasts were made, developing maps of isobars, or lines of equal atmospheric pressure, as the main forecasting tool. This book is the history of how weather forecasting was moulded and modelled by the processes of nation-state building and statistics in the Western world.
Victorians And Numbers
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Author : Lawrence Goldman
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2022-02-03
Victorians And Numbers written by Lawrence Goldman and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-03 with History categories.
A defining feature of nineteenth-century Britain was its fascination with statistics. The processes that made Victorian society, including the growth of population, the development of industry and commerce, and the increasing competence of the state, generated profuse numerical data. This is a study of how such data influenced every aspect of Victorian culture and thought, from the methods of natural science and the struggle against disease, to the development of social administration and the arguments and conflicts between social classes. Numbers were collected in the 1830s by newly-created statistical societies in response to this 'data revolution'. They became a regular aspect of governmental procedure thereafter, and inspired new ways of interrogating both the natural and social worlds. William Farr used them to study cholera; Florence Nightingale deployed them in campaigns for sanitary improvement; Charles Babbage was inspired to design and build his famous calculating engines to process them. The mid-Victorians employed statistics consistently to make the case for liberal reform. In later decades, however, the emergence of the academic discipline of mathematical statistics - statistics as we use them today - became associated with eugenics and a contrary social philosophy. Where earlier statisticians emphasised the unity of mankind, some later practitioners, following Francis Galton, studied variation and difference within and between groups. In chapters on learned societies, government departments, international statistical collaborations, and different Victorian statisticians, Victorians and Numbers traces the impact of numbers on the era and the intriguing relationship of Victorian statistics with 'Big Data' in our own age.
Adventures In Statistics
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Author : Robert T. Stewart
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2024-07-08
Adventures In Statistics written by Robert T. Stewart and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07-08 with Mathematics categories.
This book is about how statistics play a role in life, whether in business, psychology, biology, economics, or just about anything short of basket weaving. You cannot make a trip to the doctor, watch a football game, or even go to the grocery store without some statistic staring you down. Your age, weight, and cholesterol make you a high risk for diabetes ... the chance that your team will win the game is 12.5 percent ... 4 out of 5 dentists like this toothpaste. What does it all mean? Adventures in Statistics: How We Live in a World of Numbers tells you what all those numbers mean. But the book does not spit out a bunch of mathematical formulas; the book tells stories. Stories that explain statistics through popular culture, sports, and history. You’re confused about that false positive warning in that drug commercial, the 2007 comedy Juno explains how medical tests – including pregnancy tests – fail and why. Not clear about what your coworkers are talking about when they say, ‘black swans.’ the 1997 blockbuster Titanic makes sense of the concept. Adventures in Statistics: How We Live in a World of Numbers shows how professionals in medicine, business, politics, sports, and many other fields use numbers. So, just about everyone would gain from reading this book, perhaps even basket weavers.
Historical And Conceptual Foundations Of Measurement In The Human Sciences
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Author : Derek C. Briggs
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2021-11-15
Historical And Conceptual Foundations Of Measurement In The Human Sciences written by Derek C. Briggs and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-15 with Education categories.
Historical and Conceptual Foundations of Measurement in the Human Sciences explores the assessment and measurement of nonphysical attributes that define human beings: abilities, personalities, attitudes, dispositions, and values. The proposition that human attributes are measurable remains controversial, as do the ideas and innovations of the six historical figures—Gustav Fechner, Francis Galton, Alfred Binet, Charles Spearman, Louis Thurstone, and S. S. Stevens—at the heart of this book. Across 10 rich, elaborative chapters, readers are introduced to the origins of educational and psychological scaling, mental testing, classical test theory, factor analysis, and diagnostic classification and to controversies spanning the quantity objection, the role of measurement in promoting eugenics, theories of intelligence, the measurement of attitudes, and beyond. Graduate students, researchers, and professionals in educational measurement and psychometrics will emerge with a deeper appreciation for both the challenges and the affordances of measurement in quantitative research.
Engaged Criminology
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Author : Rena C. Zito
language : en
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Release Date : 2022-11-15
Engaged Criminology written by Rena C. Zito and has been published by SAGE Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-15 with Social Science categories.
Engaged Criminology: An Introduction invites students to learn and think like a criminologist through its applied learning approach. Author Rena C. Zito adopts a conversational tone, prompting students to interrogate inequalities, consider unintended consequences, and envision solutions, all while highlighting the role of systemic inequalities as predictors and outcomes of criminal conduct and punishment. Real-world examples and hands-on activities get students doing criminology rather than just retaining definitions, as well as fostering critical interaction with the most central ideas in contemporary criminology. This title is accompanied by a complete teaching and learning package in SAGE Vantage, an intuitive learning platform that integrates quality SAGE textbook content with assignable multimedia activities and auto-graded assessments to drive student engagement and ensure accountability. Unparalleled in its ease of use and built for dynamic teaching and learning, Vantage offers customizable LMS integration and best-in-class support.
Pioneers Of Sociological Science
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Author : John H. Goldthorpe
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2021-02-18
Pioneers Of Sociological Science written by John H. Goldthorpe and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-18 with History categories.
In this study of pioneers of the field, Goldthorpe explains how present-day sociological science developed from the seventeenth century onwards. It will appeal to students and scholars of sociology and to anyone engaged in social science research, from statisticians to social historians.
Sociology And Statistics In Britain 1833 1979
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Author : Plamena Panayotova
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-09-28
Sociology And Statistics In Britain 1833 1979 written by Plamena Panayotova and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-28 with Social Science categories.
At the beginning of the twentieth century, Britain stood at the forefront of science and statistics and had a long and respected tradition of social investigation and reform. But it still did not yet have a ‘science of society.’ When, in the early 1900s, a small band of enthusiasts got together to address this situation, the scene was set for a grand synthesis. No such synthesis ever took place and, instead, British sociology has followed a resolutely non-statistical path. Sociology and Statistics in Britain, 1833-1979 investigates how this curious situation came about and attempts to explain it from an historical perspective. It uncovers the prevalence of a deep and instinctive distrust within British sociology of the statistical methodology and mindset, resulting in a mix of quiet indifference and active hostility, which has persisted from its beginnings right up to the present day. While British sociology has thrived institutionally since the post-war expansion of higher education, this book asks whether or not it is poorer for having failed to recognise that statistics provides the foundations for the scientific study of society and for having missed opportunities to build upon those foundations. Ultimately, this important, revealing and timely book is about British sociology’s refusal to come to grips with a modern scientific way of thinking which no discipline that aspires to an effective study of society can afford to ignore.