Aelian S On The Nature Of Animals
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Aelian S On The Nature Of Animals
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Author : Gregory McNamee
language : en
Publisher: Trinity University Press
Release Date : 2012-08-31
Aelian S On The Nature Of Animals written by Gregory McNamee and has been published by Trinity University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-31 with Nature categories.
Not much can be said with certainty about the life of Claudius Aelianus, known to us as Aelian. He was born sometime between A.D. 165 and 170 in the hill town of Praeneste, what is now Palestrina, about twenty-five miles from Rome, Italy. He grew up speaking that town’s version of Latin, a dialect that other speakers of the language seem to have found curious, but—somewhat unusually for his generation, though not for Romans of earlier times—he preferred to communicate in Greek. Trained by a sophist named Pausanias of Caesarea, Aelian was known in his time for a work called Indictment of the Effeminate, an attack on the recently deceased emperor Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, who was nasty even by the standards of Imperial Rome. He was also fond of making almanac-like collections, only fragments of which survive, devoted to odd topics such as manifestations of the divine and the workings of the supernatural. His De Natura Animalium (On the Nature of Animals) has a similar patchwork quality, but it was esteemed enough in his time to survive more or less whole, and it is about all that we know of Aelian’s work today. A mostly randomly ordered collection of stories that he found interesting enough to relate about animals—whether or not he believed them—Aelian’s book constitutes an early encyclopedia of animal behavior, affording unparalleled insight into what ancient Romans knew about and thought about animals—and, of particular interest to modern scholars, about animal minds. If the science is sometimes sketchy, the facts often fanciful, and the history sometimes suspect, it is clear enough that Aelian had a fine time assembling the material, which can be said, in the most general terms, to support the notion of a kind of intelligence in nature and that extends human qualities, for good and bad, to animals. His stories, which extend across the known world of Aelian’s time, tend to be brief and to the point, and many return to a trenchant question: If animals can respect their elders and live honorably within their own tribes, why must humans be so appallingly awful? Aelian is as brisk, as entertaining, and as scholarly a writer as Pliny, the much better known Roman natural historian. That he is not better known is simply an accident: he has not been widely translated into English, or indeed any European language. This selection from his work will introduce readers to a lively mind and a witty writer who has much to tell us.
Man And Animal In Severan Rome
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Author : Steven D. Smith
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2014-07-24
Man And Animal In Severan Rome written by Steven D. Smith and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-24 with History categories.
This book argues that Aelian's important work on animals, the De natura animalium, represents a sophisticated literary critique of Severan Rome. His fascination with animals reflects the cultural issues of his day: philosophy, religion, the exoticism of Egypt and India, sex, gender, and imperial politics.
A Companion To Byzantine Science
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2020-01-13
A Companion To Byzantine Science written by and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-13 with History categories.
Science in Byzantium has rarely been systematically explored. A first of its kind, this collection of essays highlights the disciplines, achievements, and contexts of Byzantine science across the eleven centuries of the Byzantine empire. After an introduction on science in Byzantium and the 21st century, and a study of Christianization and the teaching of science in Byzantium, it offers a comprehensive and up-to-date survey of the scientific disciplines cultivated in Byzantium, from the exact to the natural sciences, medicine, polemology, and the occult sciences. The volume showcases the diversity and vivacity of the varied scientific endeavours in the Byzantine world across its long history, and aims to bring the field into broader conversations within Byzantine studies, medieval studies, and history of science. Contributors are Fabio Acerbi, Anne-Laurence Caudano, Gonzalo Andreotti Cruz, Katerina Ierodiakonou, Herve Inglebert, Stavros Lazaris, Divna Manolova, Maria K. Papathanassiou, Inmaculada Pérez Martín, Thomas Salmon, Ioannis Telelis, Anne Tihon, Alain Touwaide, Arnaud Zucker.
On The Characteristics Of Animals Books I V
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Author : Aelian
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1958
On The Characteristics Of Animals Books I V written by Aelian and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1958 with Animals categories.
AELIAN (Claudius Aelianus), a Roman born c. A.D. 170 at Praeneste (where he held a religious office), was a pupil of the rhetorician Pausanias of Caesarea, and taught and practised rhetoric. Expert in good Attic Greek, he became a serious scholar and studied history under the patronage of the Roman Empress Julia Domna. He apparently spent all his life in Italy where he died after A.D. 230. In three volumes we present his On the Characteristics of Animals, in 17 books, which is a mixed collection of facts and beliefs concerning the habits of animals taken from Greek authors with some personal observation, and having as their chief object entertainment. Fact, fancy, legend, stories and gossip all play their part in a narrative which has, of set purpose, no arrangement. If there is any ethical motive, it is that the virtues of untaught yet reasoning animals can be a lesson to thoughtless and selfish mankind. Aelian's philosophy is an easy stoicism. Another surviving work is 'Varied History' in 14 books, consisting mainly of historical, biographical, and antiquarian anecdotes and short narratives, many of them taken from authors whose works are lost. Here also Aelian follows no scheme of arrangement. We have also fragments of a work on 'Providence' and one on 'Divine Manifestations' and these also were apparently collections of stories. Some Letters, by fictitious persons, on husbandry and other country matters survive -- these are rhetorical.
On Animals Volume Iii
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Author : Aelian
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1959
On Animals Volume Iii written by Aelian and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1959 with Fiction categories.
Occasionally zany zoological lore. Aelian (Claudius Aelianus), a Roman born ca. AD 170 at Praeneste, was a pupil of the rhetorician Pausanias of Caesarea, and taught and practiced rhetoric. Expert in Attic Greek, he became a serious scholar and studied history under the patronage of the Roman empress Julia Domna. He apparently spent all his life in Italy where he died after AD 230. Aelian's On the Characteristics of Animals, in 17 books, is a collection of facts and beliefs concerning the habits of animals drawn from Greek authors and some personal observation. Fact, fancy, legend, stories, and gossip all play their part in a narrative that is meant to entertain. If there is any ethical motive, it is that the virtues of untaught yet reasoning animals can be a lesson to thoughtless and selfish mankind. The Loeb Classical Library edition of this work is in three volumes. The Historical Miscellany (LCL 486) is of similar nature. In 14 books, it consists mainly of historical and biographical anecdotes and retellings of legendary events. Some of Aelian's material is drawn from authors whose works are lost. Aelian's Letters--portraying the affairs and country ways of a series of fictitious writers--offer engaging vignettes of rural life. These are available in LCL 383.
The Nature Of Fear
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Author : Daniel T. Blumstein
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2020-09-08
The Nature Of Fear written by Daniel T. Blumstein and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-08 with Science categories.
A leading expert in animal behavior takes us into the wild to better understand and manage our fears. Fear, honed by millions of years of natural selection, kept our ancestors alive. Whether by slithering away, curling up in a ball, or standing still in the presence of a predator, humans and other animals have evolved complex behaviors in order to survive the hazards the world presents. But, despite our evolutionary endurance, we still have much to learn about how to manage our response to danger. For more than thirty years, Daniel Blumstein has been studying animals’ fear responses. His observations lead to a firm conclusion: fear preserves security, but at great cost. A foraging flock of birds expends valuable energy by quickly taking flight when a raptor appears. And though the birds might successfully escape, they leave their food source behind. Giant clams protect their valuable tissue by retracting their mantles and closing their shells when a shadow passes overhead, but then they are unable to photosynthesize, losing the capacity to grow. Among humans, fear is often an understandable and justifiable response to sources of threat, but it can exact a high toll on health and productivity. Delving into the evolutionary origins and ecological contexts of fear across species, The Nature of Fear considers what we can learn from our fellow animals—from successes and failures. By observing how animals leverage alarm to their advantage, we can develop new strategies for facing risks without panic.
Engineering Animals
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Author : Mark Denny
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2011-05-16
Engineering Animals written by Mark Denny and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-16 with Science categories.
The alarm calls of birds make them difficult for predators to locate, while the howl of wolves and the croak of bullfrogs are designed to carry across long distances. From an engineer's perspective, how do such specialized adaptations among living things really work? And how does physics constrain evolution, channeling it in particular directions? Writing with wit and a richly informed sense of wonder, Denny and McFadzean offer an expert look at animals as works of engineering, each exquisitely adapted to a specific manner of survival, whether that means spinning webs or flying across continents or hunting in the dark-or writing books. This particular book, containing more than a hundred illustrations, conveys clearly, for engineers and nonengineers alike, the physical principles underlying animal structure and behavior. Pigeons, for instance-when understood as marvels of engineering-are flying remote sensors: they have wideband acoustical receivers, hi-res optics, magnetic sensing, and celestial navigation. Albatrosses expend little energy while traveling across vast southern oceans, by exploiting a technique known to glider pilots as dynamic soaring. Among insects, one species of fly can locate the source of a sound precisely, even though the fly itself is much smaller than the wavelength of the sound it hears. And that big-brained, upright Great Ape? Evolution has equipped us to figure out an important fact about the natural world: that there is more to life than engineering, but no life at all without it.
Animal City
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Author : Andrew A. Robichaud
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Animal City written by Andrew A. Robichaud and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with History categories.
American urbanites once lived alongside livestock and beasts of burden. But as cities grew, human-animal relationships changed. The city became a place for pets, not slaughterhouses or working animals. Andrew Robichaud traces the far-reaching consequences of this shift--for urban landscapes, animal- and child-welfare laws, and environmental justice.
Concealing Coloration In Animals
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Author : Judy Diamond
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2013-04-09
Concealing Coloration In Animals written by Judy Diamond and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-09 with Nature categories.
Color can attract mates, intimidate enemies, and distract predators. But it can also conceal animals from detection. It is an adaptation to the visual features of the environment but also to the perceptual and cognitive capabilities of other organisms. Judy Diamond and Alan Bond reveal factors at work in the evolution of concealing coloration.
Good Natured
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Author : Frans B. M. DE WAAL
language : en
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Release Date : 2009-06-30
Good Natured written by Frans B. M. DE WAAL and has been published by Harvard University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-30 with Science categories.
To observe a dog's guilty look. to witness a gorilla's self-sacrifice for a wounded mate, to watch an elephant herd's communal effort on behalf of a stranded calf--to catch animals in certain acts is to wonder what moves them. Might there he a code of ethics in the animal kingdom? Must an animal be human to he humane? In this provocative book, a renowned scientist takes on those who have declared ethics uniquely human Making a compelling case for a morality grounded in biology, he shows how ethical behavior is as much a matter of evolution as any other trait, in humans and animals alike. World famous for his brilliant descriptions of Machiavellian power plays among chimpanzees-the nastier side of animal life--Frans de Waal here contends that animals have a nice side as well. Making his case through vivid anecdotes drawn from his work with apes and monkeys and holstered by the intriguing, voluminous data from his and others' ongoing research, de Waal shows us that many of the building blocks of morality are natural: they can he observed in other animals. Through his eyes, we see how not just primates but all kinds of animals, from marine mammals to dogs, respond to social rules, help each other, share food, resolve conflict to mutual satisfaction, even develop a crude sense of justice and fairness. Natural selection may be harsh, but it has produced highly successful species that survive through cooperation and mutual assistance. De Waal identifies this paradox as the key to an evolutionary account of morality, and demonstrates that human morality could never have developed without the foundation of fellow feeling our species shares with other animals. As his work makes clear, a morality grounded in biology leads to an entirely different conception of what it means to he human--and humane.