Africa 1960 1970
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Africa 1960 1970
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Author : Godfrey Mwakikagile
language : en
Publisher: New Africa Press
Release Date : 2009
Africa 1960 1970 written by Godfrey Mwakikagile and has been published by New Africa Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with History categories.
The author looks at Africa in the sixties and at the major events which have shaped the destiny of the continent for decades since the end of colonial rule. Most of the countries had won independence by 1968. It was the euphoric and turbulent sixties when African countries were confronted with the harsh realities of nationhood including nation building and state consolidation. They were also years of military coups and assassinations as well as conflicts: the ouster of Kwame Nkrumah who led Ghana to become the first black African country to win independence; the Congo crisis including the secession of Katanga province and the assassination of Patrice Lumumba; the Nigerian civil war triggered by the secession of the Eastern Region which declared independence as the Republic of Biafra; the Zanzibar Revolution followed by the union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar which led to the creation of a new country, Tanzania, which is the only union of independent states ever formed on the continent; and liberation wars in the countries of southern Africa which were under white minority rule. There were many other events which took place across the continent during those years. Almost all the major events which have taken place on the continent through the decades can be traced back to the sixties in one way or another. That was when the foundations of the young African nations were laid. It was also during those years when African governments adopted and implemented policies, including imported -isms which had a profound impact on the continent for decades. It was probably the most important decade in the history of post-colonial Africa.
The Road To Democracy In South Africa 1970 1980
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Author : South African Democracy Education Trust
language : en
Publisher: Unisa Press
Release Date : 2004
The Road To Democracy In South Africa 1970 1980 written by South African Democracy Education Trust and has been published by Unisa Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with History categories.
v. 3: The third volume in the series examines the role of anti-apartheid movements around the world. The global anti-apartheid movement was very successful in creating awareness of the liberation struggle in South Africa, and in contributing to the downfall of the apartheid government. This volume, in 2 parts, brings together analyses which in the main are written by activist scholars with deep roots in the movements and organizations they are writing about.
The Road To Democracy In South Africa
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
The Road To Democracy In South Africa written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Anti-apartheid movements categories.
Volume 1 tells the history of the struggle for liberation in South Africa in the 1960s and includes chapters about "The turn to the armed struggle" and "The Morogoro Conference." Volume 2 is about the history of the liberation struggle in the crucial decade of the 1970s and includes chapters on "The Soweto Uprisings" and "The ANC Undeground." Volume 3 tells how other countries of the world (those outside the African continent) helped the oppressed majority in South Africa gain their freedom. Volume 4 concentrates on the 1980s, when the liberation movement took major strides that finally broke the backbone of white supremacist rule. Volume 5 highlights the role of supporting the liberation movement that was played by countries on the African continent, including Ghana, Algeria, and Tanzania. Volume 6 describes the crucial period from the unbanning of liberation organisations in 1990 to the triumph of South Africa's first democratic elections in April 1994. It further discusses the afterrmath of the elections: the on-going violence in areas such as Natal and the PWV region, and how South Africans of all political persuasions adjusted to the new dispensation and worked together to devise the 1996 Constitution.--Edited information from back covers.
Africa
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Author : Anatoly A. Gromyko
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983
Africa written by Anatoly A. Gromyko and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with categories.
The White Redoubt The Great Powers And The Struggle For Southern Africa 1960 1980
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Author : Filipe Ribeiro de Meneses
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-12-05
The White Redoubt The Great Powers And The Struggle For Southern Africa 1960 1980 written by Filipe Ribeiro de Meneses and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-05 with History categories.
This work examines the attempt by the governments of Portugal, Rhodesia and South Africa to defy the drive for African independence in the 1960s and 70s, and the international community’s response. From 1961 to 1974, Portugal, Rhodesia and South Africa collaborated in the attempt to preserve white minority rule in their respective territories. Hard-pressed by African nationalists, recently decolonized states, and many of the world’s Great Powers, they supported each other economically, politically and militarily, turning southern Africa into a major diplomatic concern which defied Cold War logic. This book examines how this collaboration came about and how the international community responded to it, paying close attention to the evolving situation in each country. The Portuguese Revolution of April 1974 undid this ‘white redoubt’, and the diplomatic policy subsequently adopted by apartheid South Africa – détente – led it to sacrifice Rhodesia in return for the illusion of permanent safety. A true work of transnational history, this book is based on the archival material of eight different countries, yet it serves as well as an introduction to the politics of southern Africa during the late colonial era.
The Road To Democracy In South Africa 1960 1970
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Author : South African Democracy Education Trust
language : en
Publisher: Struik Pub
Release Date : 2004
The Road To Democracy In South Africa 1960 1970 written by South African Democracy Education Trust and has been published by Struik Pub this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with History categories.
A five-volume work that aims to redress the lack of historical material on the events that led to democracy in South Africa over a period of four decades
The Road To Democracy In South Africa
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
The Road To Democracy In South Africa written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Government, Resistance to categories.
The Road to Democracy project is a chronological analysis of four decades - 1960-1970, 1970-1980, 1980-1990, 1990-1994, bearing in mind the four areas of focus above and the following themes for each decade which include: Political context: the political dynamics of each decade, such as the banning of the liberation movements, the formation of insurgency structures, exile and the containment of black resistance in the 1960s, key organizations and key individuals: the formation, policies and objectives, membership and activities of key organizations during each decade, and the role of key historical, as well as less well-known but significant, actors, strategy and tactics: the evolution of the strategy and tactics of key organizations, including debates around changing strategies and the impact of adopted strategies and tactics on revolutionary developments, regime response: the response of the apartheid regime to the activities of the liberation movements, including changes in the nature of the apartheid state, the evolution of policies to contain black resistance, and repression and counter-revolutionary strategy, international context: the role of the international community in the liberation of South Africa and international events and processes that impacted on the liberation struggle, regional context: regional events and processes that had an impact on the liberation struggle and the decision to adopt a negotiation strategy and studies of provincial and local involvement in the liberation struggle as well as the major outcomes at the end of each decade.
Africa
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Author : Anatolij Andreevič Gromyko
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
Africa written by Anatolij Andreevič Gromyko and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with categories.
African Poverty In Cape Town 1960 1970
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Author : Michael Hubbard
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1971
African Poverty In Cape Town 1960 1970 written by Michael Hubbard and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1971 with Black people categories.
Africa After Independence
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Author : Godfrey Mwakikagile
language : en
Publisher: New Africa Press
Release Date : 2006
Africa After Independence written by Godfrey Mwakikagile and has been published by New Africa Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with History categories.
This work focuses on the early years of independence and the problems African countries faced soon after the end of colonial rule. Many of those problems still exist today. They include poverty and underdevelopment; adoption of alien ideologies and economic and political systems; structural flaws of the modern African state and its institutions inherited at independence; nation-building, democratization, national integration, and ethnoregional rivalries among others. It is also a historical study of the continent since the partition of Africa by the imperial powers and of the struggle for independence. It also focuses on the continent's demographic composition, shedding some light on the complexity and diversity of the world's second largest continent. The history of Africa's indigenous peoples and their earliest contact with foreigners provides a background to this telescopic survey. The sixties was one of the most important decades in the history of Africa and this work provides a balanced perspective on those years when Africans celebrated the end of colonial rule on their continent. It is a compact study covering a vast expanse of territory from the advent of imperial rule to the attainment of sovereign status for African countries during the sixties and the problems they faced in those years. As a demographic portrait, it excels in depicting the continent as a tapestry that reflects the racial diversity and multiethnic composition of this vast land mass, the second largest after Asia. And as a historical and political analysis, it addresses some of the most important issues in the post-colonial era including the Cold War, with the Congo figuring prominently in the analysis as thefirst theatre of combat and super-power rivalry in the early sixties on the African continent. The dawn of freedom provided opportunities and challenges for the young African nations as they tried to modernize and consolidate their independence in a world dominated by major powers and contending ideologies. It was a rude awakening to the harsh realities of nationhood. One of these was the desire by the major powers to turn African countries into client states as the two ideological camps, East and West, competed for world domination. As Julius Nyerere warned, "We are not going to allow our friends to choose our enemies for us." One of the most contentious grounds for this hegemonic control was, of course, the Congo, right in the middle of the continent. It became the bleeding heart of Africa as the country was turned into a combat theatre mainly between the surrogate forces of the West and the Congolese nationalist forces supported by a number of African countries and by the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China. The Congo imbroglio since the turbulent sixties mainly as a result of foreign intrigue and intervention is one of the most important subjects addressed in this book. And it raises serious questions that have profound implications even today for a continent mired in conflict; this time ignited by the Africans themselves in many - but not in all - cases. Yet, prospects for the world's poorest and most embattled continent are not bleak if Africans seek their own solutions to their own problems in this post-Cold War era of globalization dominated by the industrialized nations. The book includes many photos from the early sixties, the dawn of a new era when Africancountries won independence, which Oginga Odinga described as "Not Yet Uhuru."