Air Force Reference Atmospheres
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Air Force Reference Atmospheres
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Author : Allen E. Cole
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
Air Force Reference Atmospheres written by Allen E. Cole and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with Atmospheric density categories.
Sets of mean monthly reference atmospheres that describe seasonal changes in the vertical distributions of temperature, density, and pressure up to 90 km are presented for 15 intervals of latitude between the equator and pole. Specialized atmospheres are included that portray longitudinal variations in monthly median values of temperature, density, and pressure during winter months. Other models illustrate the magnitude of the changes in the vertical distributions of these atmospheric properties during winter warmings and coolings of the stratosphere and mesosphere in arctic and subarctic regions. Estimates of the day-to-day variations around the monthly median values of temperature and density are provided for each set of models. (Author).
U S Standard Atmosphere
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1976
U S Standard Atmosphere written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1976 with Standard atmosphere categories.
Hot Cold And Annual Reference Atmospheres For Edwards Air Force Base California 1975 Version
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Author : D. L. Johnson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1975
Hot Cold And Annual Reference Atmospheres For Edwards Air Force Base California 1975 Version written by D. L. Johnson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with Atmospheric thermodynamics categories.
Guide To Reference And Standard Atmosphere Models
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Author : American National Standards Institute
language : en
Publisher: AIAA (American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics)
Release Date : 1997
Guide To Reference And Standard Atmosphere Models written by American National Standards Institute and has been published by AIAA (American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Science categories.
This standard provides guidelines for selecting reference and standard atmospheric models for engineering design or scientific research. The guide describes the content of the model, uncertainties and limitations, technical basis, data bases from which the model is formed, publication references, and sources of computer code for thirty-three (33) atmospheric models for altitudes from Earth's surface to 2400 kilometers, which are generally recognized in the aerospace sciences. Information on atmospheric models for Mars and Venus is also included. This Guide is intended to assist aircraft and space vehicle designers and developers, geophysicists, meteorologists, and climatotogists in understanding available models, comparing sources of data, and interpreting engineering and scientific results based on different atmospheric models.
Air Force Reference Atmospheres
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Author : Allen E. Cole
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
Air Force Reference Atmospheres written by Allen E. Cole and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with Atmosphere, Upper categories.
Sets of mean monthly reference atmospheres that describe seasonal changes in the vertical distributions of temperature, density, and pressure up to 90 km are presented for 15 intervals of latitude between the equator and pole. Specialized atmospheres are included that portray longitudinal variations in monthly median values of temperature, density, and pressure during winter months. Other models illustrate the magnitude of the changes in the vertical distributions of these atmospheric properties during winter warmings and coolings of the stratosphere and mesosphere in arctic and subarctic regions. Estimates of the day-to-day variations around the monthly median values of temperature and density are provided for each set of models. (Author)
Early Years Of Air Force Geophysics Research Contributing To Internationally Recognized Standard And Reference Atmospheres
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Author : K. S. W. Champion
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Early Years Of Air Force Geophysics Research Contributing To Internationally Recognized Standard And Reference Atmospheres written by K. S. W. Champion and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Artificial satellites categories.
Some of the research done at the Air Force Cambridge Research Center Geophysics Research Directorate and the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories during the early years of the Space Program is reviewed. Vignettes are provided of some of the programs in which the laboratories were world leaders. The period starts with the testing of captured V-2 rockets at White Sands, NM in 1946 and ends with satellites that were launched in 1983. A very extensive scientific rocket program from 1956 had the goals of determining the properties of the upper atmosphere and ionosphere and, in some cases, modifying them. There was participation in many joint field programs with other organizations. When the satellite age started in 1957, AFCRC was in the forefront of supporting satellite tracking, determining drag effects on orbits, and developing first time accurate upper atmosphere models. This was followed by developing and flying unique satellites to determine atmospheric properties and providing instruments for satellites that were developed jointly with other DoD organizations and NASA. Finally, the laboratory made major contributions to the development of updated versions of the U.S. Standard Atmosphere and Supplements, and to the development of several versions of CIRA (CO SPAR International Reference Atmospheres).
Modeling Of Atmospheric Structure 70 130 Km
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Author : Gerald Vann Groves
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987
Modeling Of Atmospheric Structure 70 130 Km written by Gerald Vann Groves and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Atmosphere, Upper categories.
A formulation is presented for modeling neutral atmosphere structure in an intermediate height region (70-130 km) between given lower and upper models in temperature, pressure, density and constituent gas concentrations and to maintain continuity in the second derivative of temperature and the other properties with respect to height. The method employs temperature as the prime parameter requiring simultaneously a best fit to available temperature data at the intermediate heights and hydrostatic consistency between the nitrogen partial pressures at 70 and 130 km. The method is well suited to upper and lower models that have analytical representations and is developed as the upper model and for polynomially-generated height-latitude cross-sections in the lower region. Attention is given to comparisons between observed and model temperatures and it is found that mid-latitude data (primarily obtained using the incoherent scatter technique) are on average higher than the models due to the requirement to maintain hydrostatic consistency in nitrogen partial pressures between the 70 km and 130 km values of the given lower and upper models. This discrepancy which at present remains an unresolved problem is discussed in the text. Tables of temperature, pressure, and density are included in the report based on the best fit to available data and simultaneously satisfying the constraints of the upper and lower models. Keywords: Temperature; Mesosphere; Pressure; Lower thermosphere; Density; Model atmospheres. (JHD).
Arctic And Subarctic Atmospheres 0 To 90 Km
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Author : Allen E. Cole
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1977
Arctic And Subarctic Atmospheres 0 To 90 Km written by Allen E. Cole and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Atmosphere categories.
Sets of mean monthly reference atmospheres that describe seasonal changes in the vertical distributions of temperature, density, and pressure at altitudes up to 90 km are presented for latitudes 60 deg N and 75 deg N. Also provided are specialized atmospheric models that reflect longitudinal differences in the vertical structure of temperature and density at these latitudes. Estimates of the seasonal, day-to-day, diurnal, and spatial variations are given with special emphasis placed on density. (Author)
Dynamics And Structure Of The Quiet Thermosphere
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Author : K. S. W. Champion
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1974
Dynamics And Structure Of The Quiet Thermosphere written by K. S. W. Champion and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1974 with Atmospheric physics categories.
The COSPAR International Reference Atmospheres (CIRA) 1972 provides both a Mean International Reference Atmosphere of the thermosphere and a parametric set of models for the region. The models are based on knowledge of the thermosphere as of mid 1971. The differences in the diurnal variations of atmospheric density scale height obtained from satellite drag studies and temperatures obtained from incoherent radar scatter observations are probably due to different diurnal variations of density and temperature and not due to systematic discrepancies in the measurements. The answer to this question should be provided by data obtained from recently launched satellites ESRO IV, AEROS, and AE-C. The second major area of interest involves the absolute number densities and variations with time of day, latitude, and season of the major and minor constituents of the thermosphere. Recent data obtained with mass spectrometers and optical instruments are reviewed in addition to the results of theoretical composition calculations, which include turbulence and other transport effects.
Air Force Interim Supplemental Atmospheres To 90 Kilometers
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Author : Allen E. Cole
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1963
Air Force Interim Supplemental Atmospheres To 90 Kilometers written by Allen E. Cole and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1963 with Atmosphere categories.