Al Aqsa Flood A Turning Point In The Middle Eastern Politics
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Al Aqsa Flood A Turning Point In The Middle Eastern Politics
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Author : Muhittin Ataman
language : ar
Publisher: SET Vakfı İktisadi İşletmesi
Release Date :
Al Aqsa Flood A Turning Point In The Middle Eastern Politics written by Muhittin Ataman and has been published by SET Vakfı İktisadi İşletmesi this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Political Science categories.
The comprehensive and effective attack launched by Hamas on October 7, 2023, the al-Aqsa Flood Operation, has become a turning point not only in the PalestinianIsraeli question and the Middle Eastern balance of power but also in modern world history. Being isolated from the rest of the world, subjected to any kind of inhumane treatment and under a fierce blockade for 17 years, Hamas, the Palestinian resistance movement that has ruled the Gaza Strip since 2006, initiated the al-Aqsa Flood Operation and inflicted what is to date the biggest military, political, economic, social and psychological damage to Israel. Israel replied with one of the most brutal and disproportionate attacks against not only Hamas but also against the whole people of Gaza, with a population of more than 2.3 million, a large portion of which were forcefully displaced by the Zionist regime and live in refugee camps.
Insight Turkey Fall 2023 Turktime Has Begun
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Author : Abzal Dosbolov
language : en
Publisher: SET Vakfı İktisadi İşletmesi
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Insight Turkey Fall 2023 Turktime Has Begun written by Abzal Dosbolov and has been published by SET Vakfı İktisadi İşletmesi this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Political Science categories.
The 10th Summit of the Heads of State of the Organization of Turkic States (OTS) is a significant event for the Turkic World, scheduled for November 3, 2023, in Astana, Kazakhstan. Hosted by President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, this summit is set to be a vital gathering for the leaders of Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Türkiye, Uzbekistan, and observer states, along with the Secretary General of the OTS. The Summit was crowned with the central theme, “TURKTIME,” a visionary proclamation from the leaders to future generations. This theme embodies a unified, cooperative spirit, and a collective determination to steer the Turkic World toward a trajectory of prosperity and comprehensive development. The acronym “TURKTIME” encapsulates key principles that serve as the guiding framework of the Summit: Traditions, Unification, Reforms, Knowledge, Trust, Investments, Mediation, and Energy. Each pillar of “TURKTIME” represents a fundamental commitment and strategic focus area: – Traditions: Upholding and valuing the rich cultural and historical heritage of the Turkic nations. – Unification: Fostering a sense of unity and solidarity among the Turkic States, enhancing regional integration. – Reforms: Advocating for progressive changes and modernization across various sectors to meet contemporary challenges. – Knowledge: Promoting the exchange of knowledge, information, and best practices among member states. – Trust: Building a foundation of trust, both within and outside the Turkic community, essential for effective collaboration. – Investments: Encouraging investment flows within the region, focusing on sustainable and mutually beneficial economic growth. – Mediation: Engaging in constructive mediation to resolve conflicts, thereby ensuring regional stability and peace. – Energy: Intensifying cooperation in the energy sector, recognizing its critical role in the economic vitality and security of the Turkic states. This holistic roadmap, anchored by the “TURKTIME” ethos, charts a transformative course for the OTS. It emphasizes the importance of unity, cooperation, and sustainable development as cornerstones for the future. The Summit’s strategic vision, as encapsulated by “TURKTIME,” aligns the collective efforts of the Turkic World towards achieving shared goals and facing global challenges with a united front. While cooperation is gaining momentum in the Turkestan region, the global landscape simultaneously confronts multifaceted challenges. Politically, the rise of populist movements and shifts in global leadership dynamics have introduced new complexities. Escalating regional conflicts and the proliferation of non-state actors have amplified security concerns. Economically, the world faces uncertainty, marked by fluctuating markets, trade tensions, and concerns over sustainable development. Environmentally, the escalating impacts of climate change, biodiversity loss, and resource depletion present critical challenges. Furthermore, the rapid advancement and integration of technology in every sphere poses opportunities and unprecedented challenges, particularly in cybersecurity, digital privacy, and the ethical implications of artificial intelligence. This intricate tapestry of political, security, economic, environmental, and technical issues encapsulates the multifaceted nature of contemporary global difficulties. Besides resurgence of traditional security issues such as the return of power politics and the intensified global rivalry, the world now faces unconventional threats such as food crisis, health issues, climate change, global warming, and illegal refugee problems. The United States (U.S.) lost much of its constructive power and political will to act as an effective hegemon. Neither the U.S. nor the challenging powers such as Russia respect the main principles of international law and decisions of global international organization such as the United Nations (UN). Enforcement and respect for international law are critical challenges in current International Relations. International law acts as a framework for global governance, but its effectiveness largely depends on the willingness and power of states. The U.S. and Russia, as permanent members of the UN Security Council, profoundly influence the interpretation and enforcement of international norms and laws. However, their actions often reveal a selective adherence to international legal obligations, influenced by national interests and political objectives. This selective adherence of states above, brings to light the complexity of applying international law, where balancing national interests and political agendas with international legal commitments becomes a delicate task. A significant instance of this selective adherence is the U.S.’ exercise of its veto power at the UN Security Council, obstructing a widely supported resolution for an immediate humanitarian ceasefire in Gaza. This act is indicative of the U.S.’s distinct role in international decision-making, which should ideally contribute to global welfare rather than represent a form of exceptionalism. Against this backdrop, the “World is Bigger than Five” discourse by President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan becomes increasingly relevant, calling for a more inclusive, just and representative global decision-making process for the UN. Echoing UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres’ comments on the U.S.’ veto in the Security Council —where he noted, “The delay comes at a cost, the (Security) Council’s authority and credibility were severely undermined, and the resolution is not being implemented”— there is an urgent need for reform in the UN system. Such reforms are vital to confront challenges like the U.S.’ veto power, ensuring the UN’s capacity to effectively prevent wars and maintain international peace and security. At the end, the world system has totally collapsed, especially after the most recent violations of the system such as the invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation and the Israeli genocidal acts in the Gaza Strip against the innocent Palestinians. While the Western states, which are considered as the pro-status quo powers, fiercely opposed the Russian invasion of Ukraine, they did not oppose the Israeli atrocities. On the contrary, Western countries, particularly the U.S., have provided unconditional and limitless military, political, and economic support to Israel. As mentioned earlier, such selective adherence exacerbates the crisis on this matter. Furthermore, global international organizations such as the UN, as Secretary General Guterres underlined, fail to prevent regional and global conflict and to punish the states who violates basic human rights and commit war crimes. In this chaotic and unstable world, many middle power states have been trying to form regional coalitions to increase their deterrent powers and to establish balance of power against real or potential threats. Türkiye, as a regional power and a global actor, has also been trying to form bilateral and multilateral regional coalitions with certain countries to maximize its national interests and also to increase its regional effectiveness. Within this context, the AK Party government, under the leadership of President Erdoğan, has declared the establishment of a Turkish Axis at the beginning of the second century of the Turkish Republic. When examined closely, it can be easily inferred that there are two main groups of states that Türkiye can improve its relations to form the Turkish Axis, namely Turkic and Muslim states. Türkiye has accordingly tried to improve its relations with the Turkic states in the context of ongoing geopolitical turbulence and shifts at the global and regional levels. In alignment with its broader geopolitical strategy, Türkiye has played a crucial role in shaping the OTS, particularly since the 8th Turkic Summit, which took place in İstanbul on November 12, 2021. This influential role was further highlighted in the wake of Türkiye’s significant support to Azerbaijan during the Second Karabakh War. This involvement not only solidified Türkiye’s relations with fellow Turkic states but also expanded its strategic and economic engagement in the (Turkestan) region. Such developments are indicative of Türkiye’s escalating influence within the Eurasian geopolitical sphere, characterized by a harmonious blend of diplomatic, economic, and cultural cooperation under the auspices of the OTS framework. Türkiye recognizes the strategic significance of its engagement with the Turkic states located in Central Asia and the Caucasus, the regions that have long attracted the attention of global powers due to their abundant natural resources, strategic location, potential for economic development, transportation, logistics, and connectivity. Türkiye has consistently nurtured and progressively strengthened its relationships with fellow Turkic states since their independence. As previously mentioned, this bond was further reinforced by Türkiye’s pivotal role in the Second Karabakh War, highlighting its significant strategic influence in shaping the region’s geopolitical landscape. During this conflict, Ankara played an instrumental role in facilitating the liberation of Azerbaijani territories and at the same time underscored Türkiye’s strategic importance and bolstered its standing among these nations. Türkiye’s successful interventions in regional crises such as Libya and Syria also had a positive impact on its image. In this context, the Turkic states’ decision to align with Türkiye can be seen as a strategic move to leverage Türkiye’s increasing influence in regional geopolitics and global affairs. This collaboration allows them to amplify their voice on the international stage, enhancing their bargaining power and positioning in global geopolitics. The alignment with Türkiye is not just about leveraging Türkiye’s capabilities; it’s also about cultivating a unified front to address the complex dynamics of global challenges, thereby fostering regional stability, economic growth, and cultural exchange among the Turkic states. The establishment of OTS has increased expectations for the Turkic states to initiate a multidimensional and multi-level relations within the Turkic world. Considering that many states want to become part of OTS as observer members, it is clear that the organization will serve as the main locomotive of a possible regional integration of the Turkic world and make a great contribution to the institutionalization of cooperation among the Turkic states. OTS has a great potential in political, economic, strategic, and social dimensions within international and regional systems. The Turkic nations, who have a common language, culture, and religion, are likely to collaborate economic and technical sectors such as in trade, transport, energy, agriculture, education, and high-tech ventures and tackle common challenges such as water resource management. Furthermore, the security and military dimension has become increasingly prominent within the multidimensional areas of cooperation among the Turkic states in recent years. In conclusion, the ascendance of the OTS in the Eurasian geopolitical landscape signals a transformative phase in the region’s dynamics, with the OTS poised to enhance economic and strategic connectivity between Europe and Asia. This evolving role of the OTS, indicative of a new geopolitical order, is significantly influenced by Türkiye’s active participation and leadership. Türkiye’s role in the OTS has been instrumental in transitioning the organization from a platform for dialogue to a powerful union of states committed to trade enhancement, economic cooperation, and bolstering regional stability. This pivotal role played by Türkiye, leveraging its unique geographical and cultural position as a linchpin between Europe and Asia, has been crucial in steering the OTS towards greater regional integration and a heightened global presence. As mentioned above, the 10th Summit of the OTS, themed “Turk Time!” encapsulates the essence of this transformation. The acronym “TURKTIME” symbolizes the core principles guiding the Summit. These principles reflect not only the Summit’s focal areas but also the overarching goals and aspirations of the OTS with Türkiye’s stewardship. They highlight a commitment to preserving cultural heritage, fostering unity, driving meaningful reforms, expanding knowledge, building trust, promoting strategic investments, facilitating mediation in conflicts, and prioritizing energy cooperation. This thematic framework of “TURKTIME” not only shapes the discourse of the Summit but also mirrors the broader strategy of the OTS in its quest for a more interconnected and influential role on the global stage. Thus, the OTS, with Türkiye’s significant influence, stands as a testament to the evolving nature of regional alliances and their capacity to shape international relations in the 21st century. In its special issue highlighting the importance of the Turkic World, Insight Turkey presents 4 commentaries and 4 research articles related to the subject. Additionally, it includes 4 off-topic publications which touch upon the Palestinian issue focusing on the aftermath of October 7 operation and the role of energy in Türkiye-Russia relations. Our first commentary, with the contributions of Farid Shafiyev, begins by discussing the evolution of the OTS, emphasizing its transformation from a consultative mechanism to a powerful international organization of geostrategic importance. In his analysis, Shafiyev highlights Azerbaijan’s goal of promoting Turkic unity by examining significant events such as the Shusha Declaration, the aftermath of the Second Karabakh War, and the strategic alliance between Turkic states. By focusing on current trends in regional and global politics that have given rise to the development of the OTS, the author argues that it is imperative to strengthen and enhance cooperation among Turkic states and that the importance of Turkic unity in today’s complex geopolitical landscape is only growing. In the second commentary, Yerkin Tukomov focuses on the relations between the Turkic World and Kazakhstan. Tukomov argues that Kazakhstan is fully cognizant of the strategic importance of its relations with the OTS member states and is actively engaged in managing the complex balance between geopolitical challenges and opportunities. In his commentary, Tukomov endeavors to provide a comprehensive summary of Kazakhstan’s short and medium-term strategic priorities. On the other hand, Ferrukh Khakimov examines the current bilateral and multilateral relations between Uzbekistan and Türkiye in the context of ongoing geopolitical turmoil and changes at global and regional levels. Khakimov argues that strengthening a comprehensive strategic partnership between Uzbekistan and Türkiye is vital to maintaining the geopolitical balance of power in the region and effectively addressing the common challenges of sustainable development. Later, the analysis provided by Ömer Kocaman presents a comprehensive and nuanced account of the OTS. The evaluation traces the evolution of the OTS from the dissolution of the Soviet Union to its recent summits, examining aspects such as its establishment, institutionalization, and regional and international involvement. Additionally, the analysis delves into the organization’s development, project implementation, and increasing global influence while emphasizing the OTS’ dedication to fostering cooperation and solidarity among Turkic states. This special issue of Insight Turkey centers on the importance of the Turkic World, and within it, Abzal Dosbolov and Göktuğ Sönmez present a research article that examines how the OTS supported Central Asian republics in addressing their historical legacies, specifically after Russian influence in the 18th century. Examining the post-independence phase of the Central Asian republics from a postcolonial perspective, the authors highlight the role of OTS in promoting regional cooperation, cultural revival, and social unity. The article provides a comprehensive overview of the role of OTS in promoting growth and development in Central Asia, while underlining the importance of strategic autonomy for Central Asia in the context of evolving regional dynamics. Similarly, in the second research article, with a focus on the intricate geopolitical landscape of Central Asia and the Caucasus, Muhammet Koçak thoroughly examines and analyzes the OTS and its potential in economic, strategic, and social dimensions within international and regional systems. In his analysis, Koçak delves into the various factors that impact the potential of OTS to foster cooperation and solidarity among the Turkic states. He also examines the mechanism at play in the interconnected strategic, economic, and social structures to provide a comprehensive understanding of the situation. In our next research articles, the security aspect in Central Asia is discussed both under the umbrella of OTS and in the context of the Azerbaijan-Armenia war. Based on the Turkic states’ attempts to come together and become a comprehensive international organization, Buğra Sarı touches upon the issue of member states pursuing coordinated policies on security issues of mutual interest. According to Sarı, the security dimension has been added to the multidimensional cooperation areas within OTS in recent years. In this regard, the author aims to investigate the positive results of the security cooperation developed and strengthened between the Turkic states under the umbrella of OTS, focusing especially on basic security issues such as systemic security, regional security, counter-terrorism and military capacity. On the other hand, Sarwat Rauf examines the Azerbaijan-Armenia conflict and explores the main factors that led Russia, the European Union and Türkiye to offer mediation to resolve the conflict. In her research, Rauf shows that a new geopolitical shift is taking place in the South Caucasus region, leading to complexities among some of the options identified by mediators. Furthermore, to broaden the scope of our coverage, our Fall issue confidently presents two commentaries and one research article focusing on the Palestinian issue. In this respect, our two valuable authors evaluated the current situation in the commentaries section by emphasizing the latest events in Gaza and considering the historical perspective. Firstly, Salman Abu Sitta offers a rigorous and critical examination of the Palestinian Nakba and the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict, delving into its historical roots to gain a comprehensive understanding of the current situation in Gaza. Emphasizing that the ongoing conflicts in Gaza since October 7, 2023 have deeply affected the world and countless innocent lives have been tragically lost, Sitta defends the fundamental right of Palestinian refugees to return to their homeland, claiming that this is an important element on the path to conflict resolution and permanent peace. Similarly, Muhammad Hüseyin Mercan’s commentary discusses the Operation al-Aqsa Flood. Mercan also examines the possible impact of the operation on global and regional politics, taking into account that the ongoing process will change the political balances in the Middle East. Next, Berdal Aral in his research article discusses the legal debates regarding the crisis caused by the military operation launched by the Palestinian forces of the Gaza-based resistance against Southern Israel on October 7, 2023. In his article, Aral answers questions such as which side of the conflict can rightfully claim the right to self-defense, did Israel commit genocide in Gaza, do Israel’s statehood and territorial claims rest on firm legal grounds, is it legally sensible to argue that Israel is a threat to international peace and security, to elucidate the legal issues surrounding the current crisis and the broader context of Israel’s legal status as a state and its territorial claims. Finally, our last off-topic research article by Suinbay Suyundikov and Ahmet Gökbel examines the significance of energy in the relations between Türkiye and Russia. Suyundikov and Gökbel first introduce the theory of interdependence and then analyze the energy policies and energy situation of Russia and Türkiye in detail. The authors argue that Russia plays an important role in Türkiye’s energy supply with its rich energy resources and that Türkiye is an important market for Russia’s energy exports and examine the energy relations between Türkiye and Russia within the framework of the theory of interdependence. As we bid farewell to another eventful year, we are thrilled to present this latest issue of Insight Turkey, enriched with six thought-provoking commentaries and six in-depth research articles. Each piece has been carefully selected to enhance and diversify our coverage, providing our readers with a multifaceted and profound understanding of the various topics discussed. It is our earnest hope that this issue not only enlightens but also engages our readers in meaningful reflection and dialogue, furthering the pursuit of knowledge and understanding in these dynamic times.
Turning Point
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Author : Dan Tschirgi
language : en
Publisher: Praeger
Release Date : 2007-08-30
Turning Point written by Dan Tschirgi and has been published by Praeger this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-08-30 with Political Science categories.
Assessing meaning and significance of the war on terror, this book raises issues related to the Middle East and American policy toward that region. It stresses the need for resolving the war on terrorism favourably. It demonstrates the dynamics through which traditional peoples have opted to wage hopeless struggle against more powerful states.
Insight Turkey Spring 2024 The Middle East On Fire
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Author : ALI KAMEL DARBAJ
language : ar
Publisher: SET Vakfı İktisadi İşletmesi
Release Date :
Insight Turkey Spring 2024 The Middle East On Fire written by ALI KAMEL DARBAJ and has been published by SET Vakfı İktisadi İşletmesi this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Political Science categories.
The modern Middle East took shape following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire after the First World War. This event led to the establishment of the current regional system and the integration of Arab states into the international system. The Western colonial powers played a significant role in shaping the post-Ottoman Middle Eastern regional structure. The main developments at the beginning of the emergence of the regional system were the Arab Revolt (McMahon/British and Sheriff Hussein/Arab cooperation against the Ottoman state), the Sykes-Picot Agreement (the secret Anglo-French collaboration on the division of the Middle Eastern territories), and the Balfour Declaration (the process of the creation of a Jewish state in the region). As the main root causes of Middle Eastern developments, these three factors continue to influence the current political instability and many regional conflicts. First of all, the Sharif Hussein Revolt against the Ottoman Empire in 1916 is a turning point in the recent history of the region. The Western states coined the term “the Arab Revolt,” which does not reflect reality since only a small percentage of the Arab people revolted against the Ottoman State. The same colonial powers crafted the image and perception of “Arabs stabbing Turks from behind” and “imperialist Turks.” Thus, colonial states sowed the seeds of hostility between Arabs and Turks and successfully built a wall or barrier between the two most influential states in the region. Despite the effective support given by a group of Arabs to the colonial Western states, they did not allow Arabs to establish a pan-Arab state after the First World War. They not only kept Arabs divided but also created many artificial political entities in the region. In other words, they kept the Arabs dependent on the Western global powers. Second, Western colonial powers agreed to divide the territory of the region and to keep it dependent. Literally, the Sykes-Picot Agreement is a secret agreement signed by France and Britain in 1916 dividing the Ottoman Middle Eastern territories. In reality, it does represent the imperialist spirit of the division of the region by the traditional colonial powers. Similar to the spirit and trauma of the Sevres Treaty, the Sykes-Picot Treaty has been haunting the regional people and states since then. Hence, many scholars coined the term “Sykes-Picot Version 2” to describe the further fragmentation of Middle Eastern states following the so-called Arab Spring. These already-divided territories experienced another wave of division. Third, the process of creating the Israeli state in the Palestinian territories was initiated by the colonial powers after the First World War. Historically, the Balfour Declaration was the first official document promising a “national home” for the Jewish people. In reality, it paved the way for the establishment of a Jewish state. The declaration of the Israeli state and its aggressive and expansionist policies since then are among the main reasons for Middle Eastern insecurity and instability. With the unconditional support of Western colonial powers, Israel has been using violence against both the Arab states and the Palestinian people. The region has been experiencing one of the most dramatic transition periods since October 7, 2023. Representing the Gaza Strip, which has been under Israeli blockade since 2007, Hamas attacked the Israeli targets and caused great damage on the Israeli side. It was an overall reaction to the continuous Israeli expansionism and the ongoing ethnic cleansing of the Palestinian people living in Jerusalem, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip. The Israeli response was, or is, the most brutal one in the modern history of the region. Backed by some of the most powerful global powers, such as the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Canada, and Australia, Israel has been indifferently targeting innocent Palestinians, killing children and women, and destroying residential areas, hospitals, and schools. So far, Israel, with the support of its complicit states, has killed more than 37,000 Palestinians, most of whom are civilian non-combatants. Approximately 75 percent of those who are killed by Israel are children, women, and the elderly. Most observers call the Israeli atrocities genocide. Due to the longtime regional problems created by the colonial powers, the ongoing impact of Arab insurgencies and revolutions, and the persistent use of violence by Israel, the Middle East is on fire again. As a matter of fact, the region has been on fire since the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. That is why Sezai Karakoç, a respected Turkish poet, writer, and thinker, descried the modern/post-Ottoman Middle East as “a rooster whose head is plucked” and remains in blood. Today, there is still no regional leader/hegemon or institution/political platform to provide regional security. For instance, neither the Arab League nor the Islamic Cooperation Organization can play an effective role in the resolution of regional problems. Most regional countries experience certain difficulties in their domestic and foreign policies. Many regional states lack national unity, central authority, internal legitimacy, or economic welfare. While some states are quite vulnerable, others are failed ones. In addition, as one of the most penetrated regions in the world, the Middle East is still open to the intensive intervention of global powers, and the fate of the regional nations is largely determined by the very same global powers. This issue of Insight Turkey focuses on the latest developments in Middle Eastern politics. It explores the trends and developments across the region, ranging from Israel’s war in Gaza to political affairs among Arab states. Our current issue includes four commentaries and seven research articles to provide a comprehensive analysis of the topic. Additionally, this issue includes an off-topic commentary and four off-topic research articles. The commentary section starts with an analysis of the implications of Israeli aggression in the Gaza Strip towards Palestinian people by Faed Mustafa. In his commentary, he examines the resilience of the Palestinian people in light of the Israel’s indiscriminate attacks and illegal settlements. Within a similar perspective, Sami al-Arian examines the implications of the al-Aqsa Flood for the regional order in the Middle East. Al-Arian contends that due to Operation al-Aqsa Flood, the conflict in the region may enter a new phase. He also discusses the failure of the strategic decision made by Arab states to exclusively support a political resolution with Israel. In the subsequent commentary, Hilal Khashan examines the implication of the al-Aqsa Flood on Hezbollah’s strategy against Israel. In that, Khashan argues that Hezbollah believed it was necessary to initiate an offensive act in Southern Lebanon in order to alleviate the military pressure exerted by Israel on Hamas. Finally, the commentary by Mohammad Sarmini studies the political stalemate in Syria within the context of international efforts and regional dynamics. He contends that the formulation of a peace agreement for Syria must take into account the security concerns and diverse interests of foreign forces on the ground. Then, in our initial research article, Zeynep Burcu Uğur, Ömer Demir, and İbrahim Dalmış investigate the perception and the reaction of Turkish people to Israel’s war in Gaza. By using a survey of 1,393 respondents, the authors found out that preferences matter in understanding support for the Palestinian cause. In addition to this, Alptekin Cihangir İşbilir investigates the architectural and demographic dynamics of Jerusalem, examining public discourse to determine the presence of neo-colonial ethnic segregation and socio-spatial divisions. In the next research article, Ali Kamel Darbaj shows how the U.S. recognition of Golan Heights creates a threat to international peace. According to Darbaj, it has several implications, such as this recognition threatening international peace, and this recognition contradicts all resolutions that have been issued in a legitimate manner, including those issued by the United Nations obligating Israel to return these lands. Within a similar issue, Saeed Baroud, Orhun Cem Karsavuran, and Emrah Atar explore the role of foreign aid as a soft power tool by providing an understanding of the interrelation between foreign policy and aid and by taking humanitarian aid in Syria as a case study. Accordingly, the authors suggest that foreign aid and foreign policy are closely connected, as foreign aid is typically managed by foreign ministries, reflecting the intersection of international assistance and diplomatic strategy. Additionally, the study also demonstrates how aid can become influenced by politics, for example, when the Syrian government instrumentalizes aid as a weapon. In the next articles, we delve into the Middle East in the context of the economy. Firstly, Erhan Akkaş’s article analyzes the intricate economic ties between Türkiye and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. It particularly focuses on exploring the multifaceted economic and trade relations that exist between the two regions. It suggests that although the AK Party era has led to increased overall connections, the ups and downs of historical business relationships have been influenced by regional and foreign policy decisions. In addition to this topic, Ömer Naim Küçük focused on the link between economic diversification and regional investment in the Gulf. Focusing on investment trends in Egypt by Saudi and Emirati leaders as a case study, the research delves into how these investments are used as tools of economic statecraft by Saudi and Emirati leadership. The objective is to reinforce diversification goals and tackle political, economic, and environmental challenges. The author found that although these local investments could help with diversifying the economy and fostering economic cooperation within the area, they are also influenced by the economic strategies of Saudi and Emirati leaders, who are looking to protect against political and economic instabilities. To provide a comprehensive understanding of bilateral relations, Betül Doğan Akkaş provides a thorough study of Turkish-Bahrain relations. The role of Türkiye in Bahrain’s foreign policy within the context of the Middle East, especially in relation to Saudi Arabia’s regional dominance, is the focus of Doğan Akkaş’s analysis. She suggests that Bahrain’s approach to dealing with Türkiye is influenced by two main factors: its close alliance with Saudi Arabia and its strategic adjustments in the region. Our first off-topic research article focuses on Türkiye-Balkans relations. Specifically, Nedim Emin and Mehmet Uğur Ekinci examine the issue of Türkiye’s military activism in the Balkans. In that, Emin and Ekinci analyze the renewed military and defense involvement of Türkiye in the Balkans since the late 2010s. Additionally, Türkiye has experienced significant growth in the export of defense industry products to the region, contributing to the enhancement of these countries’ defense capabilities. Ultimately, the increased activity in the military and defense sectors signals a new direction in Türkiye’s Balkan policy. In addition, we feature three off-topic research articles focusing on Indonesia. Regarding Türkiye’s bilateral relations, Hadza Min Fadly Robby and Tufan Kutay Boran analyze the potential of the strategic partnership between Indonesia and Türkiye. This study argues that although military and commercial relations between Türkiye and Indonesia have reached a significant level, bilateral relations are still not sufficient for strategic partnership and investigates the reasons for this. The second off-topic research article on Indonesia focuses on its foreign policy. Gizem Bütün, Yanyan Mochamad Yani, Arry Bainus, and R. Widya Setiabudi Sumadinata explore the connection between Indonesia’s Global Maritime Fulcrum (GMF) and its “free and active foreign policy,” particularly in relation to the need for infrastructure investment and the tensions stemming from China’s economic influence through the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Lastly, Zuly Qodir emphasizes Indonesia’s domestic policy within the context of contemporary Islamic thought. The author provides a perspective on the expansion of post-Islamist movements and the contested public sphere in Indonesian politics. Finally, our off-topic commentary studies the state of vocational education and training in Türkiye, written by Mahmut Özer. In his commentary, Özer analyzes the changes occurring in the field of vocational education in Türkiye, discussing the obstacles it faces, the new ideas being introduced, and the consequences of these changes. Overall, this issue of Insight Turkey offers a thorough examination of the current state of Middle Eastern politics, exploring the characteristics, patterns, and progress in the region and their impact on global politics. Additionally, we address other subjects such as Türkiye’s bilateral relations with the Balkans and Indonesia, Indonesia’s foreign and domestic policy, and educational changes in Türkiye. We hope that the detailed discussions and diverse viewpoints presented in this edition will provide our readers with valuable insights and deepen their understanding of the complex geopolitical landscape.
Operation Al Aqsa Flood
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Author : Jacques Baud
language : en
Publisher: Max Milo
Release Date : 2024-03-01
Operation Al Aqsa Flood written by Jacques Baud and has been published by Max Milo this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03-01 with Political Science categories.
The Government And Politics Of The Middle East And North Africa
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Author : Mark Gasiorowski
language : en
Publisher: Hachette UK
Release Date : 2016-07-12
The Government And Politics Of The Middle East And North Africa written by Mark Gasiorowski and has been published by Hachette UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-12 with Political Science categories.
With recent upheavals in the Middle East and North Africa, the eighth edition of The Government and Politics of the Middle East and North Africa has been thoroughly revised to provide a necessary, comprehensive and current examination of the domestic politics and foreign policies of this crucial region. A newly expanded introduction provides students with a comparative and thematic overview of the region, from its political regimes and electoral institutions to its economic and social concerns. Each chapter, written by an invited specialist, uses a common framework to explore the historical background, social and political environment, political structure and dynamics, and foreign policy of a country. Chapters are augmented by a country map, a box providing key facts, and an annotated bibliography summarizing the major literature. The eighth edition provides vital new considerations of the aftermath of the Arab Spring, the ongoing sectarian violence and rise of ISIS, and the growth of social forces like youth movements and women's rights groups. In addition, the inclusion of six new contributors brings fresh perspectives, ensuring that The Government and Politics of the Middle East and North Africa remains an essential guide to the region's political landscape.
When Strategy Collapses The Pkk S Urban Terrorist Campaign
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Author : Murat Yeşiltaş
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
When Strategy Collapses The Pkk S Urban Terrorist Campaign written by Murat Yeşiltaş and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
The Middle East Abstracts And Index
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
The Middle East Abstracts And Index written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Middle East categories.
Turkey And Russia In Syria Testing The Extremes
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Author : Hasan Yükselen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Turkey And Russia In Syria Testing The Extremes written by Hasan Yükselen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
Survival November 2023
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Author : The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS)
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-12-08
Survival November 2023 written by The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-08 with History categories.
Survival, the IISS’s bimonthly journal, challenges conventional wisdom and brings fresh, often controversial, perspectives on strategic issues of the moment. In this issue: Lawrence Freedman assesses Russia’s nuclear red line and how Vladimir Putin’s views compare to those of Russian pundits Steven Simon and Jonathan Stevenson explore the roots of Hamas’s attack on Israel on 7 October, and the options available to the United States for restraining the Israeli government Charlie Laderman assesses the similarities between December 1941 – when Germany and Japan, determining it to be inevitable, declared war on the US – and the ongoing geopolitical crises governments face today Sara Bjerg Moller reflects on NATO allies’ failure to deliver on national collective-defence targets as the Alliance approaches its 75th anniversary Lynn Kuok explores China’s reshaping of international law to achieve its strategic goals, and other countries’ failure to do so And seven more thought-provoking pieces, as well as our regular Book Reviews and Noteworthy column. Editor: Dr Dana Allin Managing Editor: Jonathan Stevenson Associate Editor: Carolyn West Editorial Assistant: Conor Hodges