Alternatives To Unemployment And Underemployment
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Alternatives To Unemployment And Underemployment
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Author : Michael Hopkins
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-03-05
Alternatives To Unemployment And Underemployment written by Michael Hopkins and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-05 with Political Science categories.
The creation of jobs is critical in Third World countries where growing populations face unemployment or inadequate employment. Many have put forth theories and suggestions that address this problem, but there has been insufficient empirical analysis of the effects of specific policies on employment growth. The author examines macroeconomic theories of labour market behavior and labour force definitions and concepts, assessing how productive they are in formulating employment strategies for Colombia. The implications of a range of alternative policies for generating jobs, their effectiveness in reducing unemployment, and possible programs for the future are analyzed.
Alternatives To Unemployment And Underemployment
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Author : Michael Hopkins
language : en
Publisher: Westview Press
Release Date : 1985-08-20
Alternatives To Unemployment And Underemployment written by Michael Hopkins and has been published by Westview Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985-08-20 with History categories.
The Social Costs Of Underemployment
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Author : David Dooley
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003-11-24
The Social Costs Of Underemployment written by David Dooley and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-11-24 with Social Science categories.
Going beyond the usual focus on unemployment, this 2004 book explores the health effects of other kinds of underemployment including forms of inadequate employment as involuntary part-time and poverty wage work. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, this compares falling into unemployment versus inadequate employment relative to remaining adequately employed. Outcomes include self-esteem, alcohol abuse, depression, and low birth weight. The panel data permit study of the plausible reverse causation hypothesis of selection. Because the sample is national and followed over two decades, the study explores cross-level effects (individual change and community economic climate) and developmental transitions. Special attention is given to school leavers and welfare mothers, and, in cross-generational analysis, the effect of mothers' employment on babies' birth weights. There emerges a way of conceptualizing employment status as a continuum ranging from good jobs to bad jobs to employment with implications for policy on work and health.
Employment Without Inflation
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Author : Benjamin Higgins
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-01-16
Employment Without Inflation written by Benjamin Higgins and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-16 with Business & Economics categories.
The world economy has undergone a fundamental transformation in recent decades and theoretical structures inherited from the 1930s through the 1950s, while retaining large elements of truth, are inadequate to deal with current problems. Benjamin Higgins feels that for a society such as the United States a fiscal policy needs to be adopted that can deal simultaneously with existing unemployment and inflation. He suggests three possible governmental policies: stimulating a high rate of long-run growth, by use of reward innovations and by maintaining the highest possible level of scientific and technical activity; isolating regions that are generators of inflation and others that are pools for unemployment; and establishing a system of direct controls similar to those used in wartime. Higgins describes the transformation of the cogent prewar business cycle, with its alternations of inflation or unemployment, then a transitional period of underemployment equilibrium and secular stagnation, and finally, the strange new world of today, one with economic fluctuations in the form of shifting trade-off curves and loops. He then applies his new paradigm to current problems, showing why they cannot be managed through macroeconomic monetary and fiscal policy. Higgins offers case studies of efforts to fight inflation and unemployment, and to reduce regional gaps, to show their strengths and weaknesses. It can be said that unemployment always results from too many people chasing too few jobs, and inflation is always caused by too much money chasing too few goods and services. Beyond such banal generalizations, Higgins maintains there is no single cause for either unemployment or inflation, and thus no single cure can be prescribed for either, let alone for both at once. Nor is it to be expected that the appropriate cure will prove to be the same in all countries at all times. He suggests that an optimal blend of monetary and fiscal policy that will produce the "minimum discomfort" is a good start. Employment Without Inflation will be of direct policy interest to economists, sociologists, and national planners.
Welcome To The Poverty Class
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Author : Nicholas Kayafas
language : en
Publisher: Dorrance Publishing
Release Date : 2008
Welcome To The Poverty Class written by Nicholas Kayafas and has been published by Dorrance Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Business & Economics categories.
Not Working
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Author : David G. Blanchflower
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2021-04-13
Not Working written by David G. Blanchflower and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-13 with Business & Economics categories.
A candid explanation of how the labor market really works and is central to everything—and why it is not as healthy as we think Relying on unemployment numbers is a dangerous way to gauge how the labor market is doing. Because of a false sense of optimism prior to the COVID-19 shock, the working world was more vulnerable than it should have been. Not Working is about how people want full-time work at a decent wage and how the plight of the underemployed contributes to widespread despair, a worsening drug epidemic, and the unchecked rise of right-wing populism. David Blanchflower explains why the economy since the Great Recession is vastly different from what came before, and calls out our leaders for their continued failure to address one of the most unacknowledged social catastrophes of our time. This revelatory and outspoken book is his candid report on how the young and the less skilled are among the worst casualties of underemployment, how immigrants are taking the blame, and how the epidemic of unhappiness and self-destruction will continue to spread unless we deal with it. Especially urgent now, Not Working is an essential guide to strengthening the labor market for all when we need it most.
Jobs Income And Work
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Author : Holly Sklar
language : en
Publisher: American Friends Service Committee
Release Date : 1995
Jobs Income And Work written by Holly Sklar and has been published by American Friends Service Committee this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Income distribution categories.
This book examines recent trends in the areas of jobs, income, and work. Among the trends discussed are the following: upward redistribution of wealth; persistent impoverishment; less disposable income; lower wages and higher education; union-free labor and increasing numbers of "disposable" workers; competition for global corporations and free trading on cheap labor; rising U.S. unemployment; deceptive methods of measuring unemployment and underemployment; "technological unemployment"; attempts to hide bad economics behind scapegoats, blame women for illegitimate economics, and reduce welfare instead of poverty; unreversed discrimination; the locking up of "surplus" labor; the cycle of unequal opportunity; disinvestment and misinvestment; and unfair and unsustainable development. The need to include economic rights among human rights is emphasized. The following are among the policy elements said to be keys to a viable future: all-age social security; fair taxation and income support; work fair and full employment; shorter hours and shared work; workers' rights; environmentally sustainable development; conversion of the military-industrial economy; nonviolent conflict resolution; codes of conduct; corporate accountability; community investment and redevelopment; nondiscrimination; child caring; universal health care; equal educational opportunity; and participatory democracy. Twenty-one tables/figures and 215 reference notes are included. (MN)
Theories Of Poverty And Underemployment
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Author : David M. Gordon
language : en
Publisher: Lexington, Mass : Lexington Books
Release Date : 1972
Theories Of Poverty And Underemployment written by David M. Gordon and has been published by Lexington, Mass : Lexington Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with Business & Economics categories.
Theoretical study of underemployment based on a comparison of economic theories concerning the persistence of poverty among low income Blacks and other urban area minority groups in the USA - considers the labour market segmentation theory regarding the tendency to remain in jobs providing poor chances of promotion, low wages, etc., and discusses labour mobility and unemployment. Bibliography pp. 149 to 168.
The Full Employment Alternative
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Author : Andrew Levison
language : en
Publisher: Coward McCann
Release Date : 1980
The Full Employment Alternative written by Andrew Levison and has been published by Coward McCann this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Full employment policies categories.
Hardship
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Author : Robert Taggart
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982
Hardship written by Robert Taggart and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Business & Economics categories.
Social statistics may exaggerate the degree of hardship caused by labor market problems. Yet, in many ways social statistics underestimate the degree of hardship caused by extended unemployment, underemployment, and low wages. Therefore, new measures are needed to reassess long-term and cyclical labor market developments, the changing status of minorities, the interrelationships between family patterns and employment problems, the effectiveness of income transfers for the working poor, and alternative macroeconomic policies. The proposed hardship measurement and assessment system consists of three sets of core indicators to measure the adequacy of individual earnings, family earnings, and family incomes in terms of both the numbers who fall below minimum standards and dollar shortfalls relative to these standards. After using these measures to examine hardship trends over the period between 1974 and 1980, researchers determined that the number who suffer severe hardship as a result of labor market problems experienced during the year far exceeds average annual unemployment. In addition, the burdens of hardship are even more maldistributed than are those of unemployment. (Appendixes to the report include technical details of the hardship measures and hardship data for the period from 1974 through 1980.) (MN)