An Investigation Of Factors That Interact With The Effect Of Sleep On False Memory In The Drm Paradigm
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An Investigation Of Factors That Interact With The Effect Of Sleep On False Memory In The Drm Paradigm
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Author : Zainab Mohumad A. Alyobi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
An Investigation Of Factors That Interact With The Effect Of Sleep On False Memory In The Drm Paradigm written by Zainab Mohumad A. Alyobi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
The Timing Of Misinformation Matters
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Author : Alison J. Day
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
The Timing Of Misinformation Matters written by Alison J. Day and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Electronic dissertations categories.
Prior work investigating the effect of sleep on false memory using the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm has yielded equivocal results. Here, we sought to clarify the effect of sleep on false memory using the misinformation paradigm. Participants watched a film of a mock robbery, were given post-event misinformation about the film, and completed a recognition test after a 12-hour retention interval that consisted of waking activity or sleep. We manipulated when participants received misinformation; half received misinformation after watching the film and before the retention interval and half received misinformation after the retention interval, before the test. Thus, for participants who slept, half received misinformation prior to sleep and half received it after a sleep period. Most interesting, we found an interaction between sleep condition and timing of misinformation. In the sleep group, participants who received misinformation before the retention interval showed higher false memory than those who received misinformation after the retention interval. Timing of misinformation did not affect false memory in the wake condition. These results suggest that consolidation processes can have opposite effects on false memory. If conflicting information is presented after sleep, consolidation protects memory from distortion possibly by mitigating interference effects. However, the same consolidation processes may increase distortion if conflicting information is presented prior to sleep possibly by integrating related memories that are available at the time of sleep (i.e. the true event and the conflicting information). This work has implications for theories of memory and applied implications for the criminal justice system.
The Science Of False Memory
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Author : C. J. Brainerd
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2005-05-05
The Science Of False Memory written by C. J. Brainerd and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-05-05 with Psychology categories.
Findings from research on false memory have major implications for a number of fields central to human welfare, such as medicine and law. Although many important conclusions have been reached after a decade or so of intensive research, the majority of them are not well known outside the immediate field. To make this research accessible to a much wider audience, The Science of False Memory has been written to require little or no background knowledge of the theory and techniques used in memory research. Brainerd and Reyna introduce the volume by considering the progenitors to the modern science of false memory, and noting the remarkable degree to which core themes of contemporary research were anticipated by historical figure such as Binet, Piaget, and Bartlett. They continue with an account of the varied methods that have been used to study false memory both inside and outside of the laboratory. The first part of the volume focuses on the basic science of false memory, revolving around three topics: old and new theoretical ideas that have been used to explain false memory and make predictions about it; research findings and predictions about false memory in normal adults; and research findings and predictions about age-related changes in false memory between early childhood and adulthood. Throughout Part I, Brainerd and Reyna emphasize how current opponent-processes conceptions of false memory act as a unifying influence by integrating predictions and data across disparate forms of false memory. The second part focuses on the applied science of false memory, revolving around four topics: the falsifiability of witnesses and suspects memories of crimes, including false confessions by suspects; the falsifiability of eyewitness identifications of suspects; false-memory reports in investigative interviews of child victims and witnesses, particularly in connection with sexual-abuse crimes; false memory in psychotherapy, including recovered memories of childhood abuse, multiple-personality disorders, and recovered memories of previous lives. Although Part II is concerned with applied research, Brainerd and Reyna continue to emphasize the unifying influence of opponent-processes conceptions of false memory. The third part focuses on emerging trends, revolving around three expanding areas of false-memory research: mathematical models, aging effects, and cognitive neuroscience. False Memory will be an invaluable resource for professional researchers, practitioners, and students in the many fields for which false-memory research has implications, including child-protective services, clinical psychology, law, criminal justice, elementary and secondary education, general medicine, journalism, and psychiatry.
Associative Illusions Of Memory
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Author : David Gallo
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2013-05-13
Associative Illusions Of Memory written by David Gallo and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-13 with Psychology categories.
The last decade has seen a flurry of experimental research into the neurocognitive underpinnings of illusory memories. Using simple materials and tests (e.g., recalling words or pictures), methods such as the famed Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) task have attracted considerable attention. These tasks elicit false memories of nonstudied events that are vivid, long lasting, and difficult to consciously avoid. Additional research shows that these memory illusions are fundamentally related to more complex memory distortions. As a result, this rapidly expanding literature has generated a great deal of excitement - and even some controversy - in contemporary psychology. Associative Illusions of Memory provides an ambitious overview of this research area. Starting with the historical roots and major theoretical trends, this book exhaustively reviews the most recent studies by cognitive psychologists, neuropsychologists, and cognitive neuroscientists. The strengths and limits of various experimental techniques are outlined, and the large body of existing data is meaningfully distilled into a few core theoretical concepts. This book highlights the malleability of memory, as well as the strategies and situations that can help us avoid false memories. Throughout the review, it is argued that these basic memory illusions contribute to a deeper understanding of how human memory works.
Associative Illusions Of Memory
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Author : David Gallo
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2013-05-13
Associative Illusions Of Memory written by David Gallo and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-13 with Psychology categories.
The last decade has seen a flurry of experimental research into the neurocognitive underpinnings of illusory memories. Using simple materials and tests (e.g., recalling words or pictures), methods such as the famed Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) task have attracted considerable attention. These tasks elicit false memories of nonstudied events that are vivid, long lasting, and difficult to consciously avoid. Additional research shows that these memory illusions are fundamentally related to more complex memory distortions. As a result, this rapidly expanding literature has generated a great deal of excitement - and even some controversy - in contemporary psychology. Associative Illusions of Memory provides an ambitious overview of this research area. Starting with the historical roots and major theoretical trends, this book exhaustively reviews the most recent studies by cognitive psychologists, neuropsychologists, and cognitive neuroscientists. The strengths and limits of various experimental techniques are outlined, and the large body of existing data is meaningfully distilled into a few core theoretical concepts. This book highlights the malleability of memory, as well as the strategies and situations that can help us avoid false memories. Throughout the review, it is argued that these basic memory illusions contribute to a deeper understanding of how human memory works.
Memory Online
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Author : Qi Wang
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2022-12-30
Memory Online written by Qi Wang and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-30 with Psychology categories.
This book presents cutting-edge research on memory in the age of the Internet and social media. The empirical studies reported in the ten chapters address the influence of the digital age on remembering in three broad areas: offloading memory and the associated costs, benefits, and boundary conditions; autobiographical memory online; and false memory at a time of fake news and misinformation. These studies employ innovative and rigorous methodological approaches that are ecologically valid in the online context. Their findings reveal complex and dynamic characteristics of human memory in a digitally mediated world that shapes our learning, our sense of self, and our beliefs and decision making. Collectively, the chapters in this volume provide rich theoretical insights into the workings and functions of memory. This book ushers in a new era of research on memory in the age of digitization. Memory Online will be a beneficial read for students and scholars of Psychology, Cognitive Science, Communication, and Media Studies. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Memory.
Timing Of Misinformation Impacts False Memory Consolidation During Sleep
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Author : Josue Franco
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Timing Of Misinformation Impacts False Memory Consolidation During Sleep written by Josue Franco and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with Electronic dissertations categories.
The impact of sleep on the consolidation of veridical memory is well-established, but its effect on false memory remains unclear. Two experiments were conducted using the misinformation paradigm to investigate how sleep affects false memory. Participants completed three experimental phases - encoding, misinformation, and test. We manipulated the delay interval between encoding and test (Wake and Sleep) and the timing of misinformation (Pre-retention Interval and Post-retention Interval). Both experiments followed a similar general procedure, with one primary difference. In Experiment 1, participants were warned, prior to the test, that they had been exposed to misinformation. In Experiment 2, participants were not warned about the misinformation. In Experiment 1, there was lower false memory in the sleep group when misinformation was presented after a retention interval, compared to when the misinformation was presented prior to the retention interval. The Sleep group also outperformed the Wake group on correct recognition. In Experiment 2, false recognition of suggested items was higher when misinformation was presented after the retention interval for both delay conditions, Sleep and Wake. Correct recognition was similar for all groups. These findings suggest that sleep-dependent consolidation processes can reduce false memory, but only when conflicting information is encountered after a period of sleep and when participants are aware of the manipulation. It is therefore possible that awareness is an essential factor in preventing false memory. This research has important implication for theories of memory consolidation as well as applied implications for the criminal justice system, as inaccurate recollection has a profound effect on eyewitness testimony.
Human Associative Memory
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Author : John R. Anderson
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-02-25
Human Associative Memory written by John R. Anderson and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-25 with Psychology categories.
First published in 1973. This book proposes and tests a theory about human memory, about how a person encodes, retains, and retrieves information from memory. The book is especially concerned with memory for sentential materials. We propose a theoretical framework which is adequate for describing comprehension of linguistic materials, for exhibiting the internal representation of propositional materials, for characterizing the interpretative processes which encode this information into memory and make use of it for remembering, for answering questions, recognizing instances of known categories, drawing inferences, and making deductions.
Sleep Restriction Racial Stereotyping And False Memories In Mock Jurors
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Author : Siuoneh Didarloo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Sleep Restriction Racial Stereotyping And False Memories In Mock Jurors written by Siuoneh Didarloo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Cognitive psychology categories.
Many studies have investigated factors that affect susceptibility to false memories. A large body of research has demonstrated the negative effects of sleep restriction and sleep deprivation on decision making. However, few have investigated the effects of sleep restriction on racial stereotypes and false memory formation. In two separate studies, I examined the relationship between self-reported sleep duration and false memories in jury eligible participants. Participants in both studies watched an audio-visual presentation of a trial and were randomly assigned to one of four conditions in which the race of the defendant and the race of one of the witnesses was manipulated. Rested and sleep restricted participants were tested on their memory regarding the facts of the case. Overall, I found that sleep restriction affected participants' memory for details regarding the trial in both studies. Additionally, there were significant interactions between sleep restriction and the race of the defendant with regard to false memories of the facts presented in the trial. Sleep restricted participants were more likely to misremember details about the defendant's drug history, especially in the Black defendant's case. These findings lend support to the conclusion that sleep restricted participants are vulnerable to false memory formation.
The Seven Sins Of Memory
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Author : Daniel L. Schacter
language : en
Publisher: HMH
Release Date : 2002-05-07
The Seven Sins Of Memory written by Daniel L. Schacter and has been published by HMH this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-05-07 with Psychology categories.
A New York Times Notable Book: A psychologist’s “gripping and thought-provoking” look at how and why our brains sometimes fail us (Steven Pinker, author of How the Mind Works). In this intriguing study, Harvard psychologist Daniel L. Schacter explores the memory miscues that occur in everyday life, placing them into seven categories: absent-mindedness, transience, blocking, misattribution, suggestibility, bias, and persistence. Illustrating these concepts with vivid examples—case studies, literary excerpts, experimental evidence, and accounts of highly visible news events such as the O. J. Simpson verdict, Bill Clinton’s grand jury testimony, and the search for the Oklahoma City bomber—he also delves into striking new scientific research, giving us a glimpse of the fascinating neurology of memory and offering “insight into common malfunctions of the mind” (USA Today). “Though memory failure can amount to little more than a mild annoyance, the consequences of misattribution in eyewitness testimony can be devastating, as can the consequences of suggestibility among pre-school children and among adults with ‘false memory syndrome’ . . . Drawing upon recent neuroimaging research that allows a glimpse of the brain as it learns and remembers, Schacter guides his readers on a fascinating journey of the human mind.” —Library Journal “Clear, entertaining and provocative . . . Encourages a new appreciation of the complexity and fragility of memory.” —The Seattle Times “Should be required reading for police, lawyers, psychologists, and anyone else who wants to understand how memory can go terribly wrong.” —The Atlanta Journal-Constitution “A fascinating journey through paths of memory, its open avenues and blind alleys . . . Lucid, engaging, and enjoyable.” —Jerome Groopman, MD “Compelling in its science and its probing examination of everyday life, The Seven Sins of Memory is also a delightful book, lively and clear.” —Chicago Tribune Winner of the William James Book Award