An Invitation To Formal Reasoning
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An Invitation To Formal Reasoning
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Author : Fred Sommers
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-03-02
An Invitation To Formal Reasoning written by Fred Sommers and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-02 with Philosophy categories.
An Invitation to Formal Reasoning introduces the discipline of formal logic by means of a powerful new system formulated by Fred Sommers. This system, term logic, is different in a number of ways from the standard system employed in modern logic; most striking is its greater simplicity and naturalness. Based on a radically different theory of logical syntax than the one Frege used when initiating modern mathematical logic in the 19th Century, term logic borrows insights from Aristotle's syllogistic, Scholastic logicians, Leibniz, and the 19th century British algebraists. Term logic takes its syntax directly from natural language, construing statements as combinations of pairs of terms, where complex terms are taken to have the same syntax as statements. Whereas standard logic requires extensive 'translation' from natural language to symbolic language, term logic requires only 'transcription' into the symbolic language. Its naturalness is the result of its ability to stay close to the forms of sentences usually found in every day discourse. Written by the founders of the term logic approach, An Invitation to Formal Reasoning is a unique introduction and exploration of this new system, offering numerous exercises and examples throughout the text. Summarising the standard system of mathematical logic to set term logic in context, and showing how the two systems compare, this book presents an alternative approach to standard modern logic for those studying formal logic, philosophy of language or computer theory. Fred Sommers is Professor Emeritus, Brandeis University, USA; George Englebretsen is Professor of Philosophy, Bishop's University, Canada.
Tools Of Thought
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Author : Peter H. Barnett
language : en
Publisher: Schenkman Books
Release Date : 1981
Tools Of Thought written by Peter H. Barnett and has been published by Schenkman Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Philosophy categories.
Formal Reasoning
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Author : John Symons
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017-08-07
Formal Reasoning written by John Symons and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-07 with categories.
Tools Of Thought
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Author : Peter H. Barnett
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
Tools Of Thought written by Peter H. Barnett and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Philosophy categories.
Reasoning And Formal Logic
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Author : Richard L Epstein
language : en
Publisher: Advanced Reasoning Forum
Release Date : 2018-11-05
Reasoning And Formal Logic written by Richard L Epstein and has been published by Advanced Reasoning Forum this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-05 with Philosophy categories.
This series of books presents the fundamentals of logic in a style accessible to both students and scholars. The text of each essay presents a story, the main line of development of the ideas, while the notes and appendices place the research within a larger scholarly context. The basic theme here is the analysis of formal logic in terms of what metaphysical assumptions we need when we develop the formal systems we use. The essays together give a perspective of formal logic as part of the art of reasoning well. The essays are • Possibilities and Valid Inferences, • A General Framework for Semantics for Propositional Logics, • Why Are There So Many Logics? • Truth and Reasoning, • On Translations, • Reflections on Temporal and Modal Logic, • The Timelessness of Classical Predicate Logic, • Events in the Metaphysics of Predicate Logic, • Categoricity with Minimal Metaphysics, • Reflections on Gödel's Theorems, • On the Error in Frege's Proof that Names Denote, and • Postscript: Logic as the Art of Reasoning Well.
Non Axiomatic Logic A Model Of Intelligent Reasoning
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Author : Wang Pei
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2013-05-03
Non Axiomatic Logic A Model Of Intelligent Reasoning written by Wang Pei and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-03 with Computers categories.
This book provides a systematic and comprehensive description of Non-Axiomatic Logic, which is the result of the author's research for about three decades.Non-Axiomatic Logic is designed to provide a uniform logical foundation for Artificial Intelligence, as well as an abstract description of the “laws of thought” followed by the human mind. Different from “mathematical” logic, where the focus is the regularity required when demonstrating mathematical conclusions, Non-Axiomatic Logic is an attempt to return to the original aim of logic, that is, to formulate the regularity in actual human thinking. To achieve this goal, the logic is designed under the assumption that the system has insufficient knowledge and resources with respect to the problems to be solved, so that the “logical conclusions” are only valid with respect to the available knowledge and resources. Reasoning processes according to this logic covers cognitive functions like learning, planning, decision making, problem solving, etc.This book is written for researchers and students in Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science, and can be used as a textbook for courses at graduate level, or upper-level undergraduate, on Non-Axiomatic Logic.
Real World Reasoning Toward Scalable Uncertain Spatiotemporal Contextual And Causal Inference
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Author : Ben Goertzel
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-12-02
Real World Reasoning Toward Scalable Uncertain Spatiotemporal Contextual And Causal Inference written by Ben Goertzel and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-12-02 with Computers categories.
The general problem addressed in this book is a large and important one: how to usefully deal with huge storehouses of complex information about real-world situations. Every one of the major modes of interacting with such storehouses – querying, data mining, data analysis – is addressed by current technologies only in very limited and unsatisfactory ways. The impact of a solution to this problem would be huge and pervasive, as the domains of human pursuit to which such storehouses are acutely relevant is numerous and rapidly growing. Finally, we give a more detailed treatment of one potential solution with this class, based on our prior work with the Probabilistic Logic Networks (PLN) formalism. We show how PLN can be used to carry out realworld reasoning, by means of a number of practical examples of reasoning regarding human activities inreal-world situations.
Reasoning And Formal Logic
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Author : Richard L. Epstein
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015-06-06
Reasoning And Formal Logic written by Richard L. Epstein and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-06 with Mathematics categories.
This series of books presents the fundamentals of logic in a style accessible to both students and scholars. The text of each essay presents a story, the main line of development of the ideas, while the notes and appendices place the research within a larger scholarly context. The basic theme here is the analysis of formal logic in terms of what metaphysical assumptions we need when we develop the formal systems we use. The essays together give a perspective of formal logic as part of the art of reasoning well. The essays are Possibilities and Valid Inferences, A General Framework for Semantics for Propositional Logics, Why Are There So Many Logics? Truth and Reasoning, On Translations, Reflections on Temporal and Modal Logic, The Timelessness of Classical Predicate Logic, Events in the Metaphysics of Predicate Logic, Categoricity with Minimal Metaphysics, Reflections on Godel's Theorems, On the Error in Frege's Proof that Names Denote, and Postscript: Logic as the Art of Reasoning Well."
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date :
written by and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Invitation To Critical Thinking
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Author : Joel Rudinow
language : en
Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing Company
Release Date : 2004
Invitation To Critical Thinking written by Joel Rudinow and has been published by Wadsworth Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Education categories.
As with successful previous editions, the Fifth Edition of INVITATION TO CRITICAL THINKING continues to focus on the recognition, analysis, evaluation, and composition of arguments as discursive tools of rational persuasion. Fostering discussions of critical thinking and its application in mass media, effective writing, and problem solving, this book introduces students to a wide variety of strategies for identifying and analyzing arguments in the world about them. This latest edition features integrated and innovative WebTutor technology developed by Judith Hawkins. This online battery of tools provides critical thinking students with an unprecedented variety of interactive exercises to facilitate increased retention and application of the most essential concepts in critical thinking.