Analogue Neural Vlsi
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Analogue Neural Vlsi
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Author : Alan F. Murray
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Analogue Neural Vlsi written by Alan F. Murray and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Computers categories.
Analog Vlsi Implementation Of Neural Systems
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Author : Carver Mead
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Analog Vlsi Implementation Of Neural Systems written by Carver Mead and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This volume contains the proceedings of a workshop on Analog Integrated Neural Systems held May 8, 1989, in connection with the International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. The presentations were chosen to encompass the entire range of topics currently under study in this exciting new discipline. Stringent acceptance requirements were placed on contributions: (1) each description was required to include detailed characterization of a working chip, and (2) each design was not to have been published previously. In several cases, the status of the project was not known until a few weeks before the meeting date. As a result, some of the most recent innovative work in the field was presented. Because this discipline is evolving rapidly, each project is very much a work in progress. Authors were asked to devote considerable attention to the shortcomings of their designs, as well as to the notable successes they achieved. In this way, other workers can now avoid stumbling into the same traps, and evolution can proceed more rapidly (and less painfully). The chapters in this volume are presented in the same order as the corresponding presentations at the workshop. The first two chapters are concerned with fmding solutions to complex optimization problems under a predefmed set of constraints. The first chapter reports what is, to the best of our knowledge, the first neural-chip design. In each case, the physics of the underlying electronic medium is used to represent a cost function in a natural way, using only nearest-neighbor connectivity.
Vlsi Design Of Neural Networks
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Author : Ulrich Ramacher
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Vlsi Design Of Neural Networks written by Ulrich Ramacher and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The early era of neural network hardware design (starting at 1985) was mainly technology driven. Designers used almost exclusively analog signal processing concepts for the recall mode. Learning was deemed not to cause a problem because the number of implementable synapses was still so low that the determination of weights and thresholds could be left to conventional computers. Instead, designers tried to directly map neural parallelity into hardware. The architectural concepts were accordingly simple and produced the so called interconnection problem which, in turn, made many engineers believe it could be solved by optical implementation in adequate fashion only. Furthermore, the inherent fault-tolerance and limited computation accuracy of neural networks were claimed to justify that little effort is to be spend on careful design, but most effort be put on technology issues. As a result, it was almost impossible to predict whether an electronic neural network would function in the way it was simulated to do. This limited the use of the first neuro-chips for further experimentation, not to mention that real-world applications called for much more synapses than could be implemented on a single chip at that time. Meanwhile matters have matured. It is recognized that isolated definition of the effort of analog multiplication, for instance, would be just as inappropriate on the part ofthe chip designer as determination of the weights by simulation, without allowing for the computing accuracy that can be achieved, on the part of the user.
Neural Information Processing And Vlsi
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Author : Bing J. Sheu
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Neural Information Processing And Vlsi written by Bing J. Sheu and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Neural Information Processing and VLSI provides a unified treatment of this important subject for use in classrooms, industry, and research laboratories, in order to develop advanced artificial and biologically-inspired neural networks using compact analog and digital VLSI parallel processing techniques. Neural Information Processing and VLSI systematically presents various neural network paradigms, computing architectures, and the associated electronic/optical implementations using efficient VLSI design methodologies. Conventional digital machines cannot perform computationally-intensive tasks with satisfactory performance in such areas as intelligent perception, including visual and auditory signal processing, recognition, understanding, and logical reasoning (where the human being and even a small living animal can do a superb job). Recent research advances in artificial and biological neural networks have established an important foundation for high-performance information processing with more efficient use of computing resources. The secret lies in the design optimization at various levels of computing and communication of intelligent machines. Each neural network system consists of massively paralleled and distributed signal processors with every processor performing very simple operations, thus consuming little power. Large computational capabilities of these systems in the range of some hundred giga to several tera operations per second are derived from collectively parallel processing and efficient data routing, through well-structured interconnection networks. Deep-submicron very large-scale integration (VLSI) technologies can integrate tens of millions of transistors in a single silicon chip for complex signal processing and information manipulation. The book is suitable for those interested in efficient neurocomputing as well as those curious about neural network system applications. It has beenespecially prepared for use as a text for advanced undergraduate and first year graduate students, and is an excellent reference book for researchers and scientists working in the fields covered.
Vlsi For Artificial Intelligence And Neural Networks
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Author : Jose G. Delgado-Frias
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Vlsi For Artificial Intelligence And Neural Networks written by Jose G. Delgado-Frias and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
This book is an edited selection of the papers presented at the International Workshop on VLSI for Artifidal Intelligence and Neural Networks which was held at the University of Oxford in September 1990. Our thanks go to all the contributors and especially to the programme committee for all their hard work. Thanks are also due to the ACM-SIGARCH, the IEEE Computer Society, and the lEE for publicizing the event and to the University of Oxford and SUNY-Binghamton for their active support. We are particularly grateful to Anna Morris, Maureen Doherty and Laura Duffy for coping with the administrative problems. Jose Delgado-Frias Will Moore April 1991 vii PROLOGUE Artificial intelligence and neural network algorithms/computing have increased in complexity as well as in the number of applications. This in tum has posed a tremendous need for a larger computational power than can be provided by conventional scalar processors which are oriented towards numeric and data manipulations. Due to the artificial intelligence requirements (symbolic manipulation, knowledge representation, non-deterministic computations and dynamic resource allocation) and neural network computing approach (non-programming and learning), a different set of constraints and demands are imposed on the computer architectures for these applications.
An Analog Vlsi System For Stereoscopic Vision
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Author : Misha Mahowald
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1994-03-31
An Analog Vlsi System For Stereoscopic Vision written by Misha Mahowald and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-03-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.
An Analog VLSI System for Stereoscopic Vision investigates the interaction of the physical medium and the computation in both biological and analog VLSI systems by synthesizing a functional neuromorphic system in silicon. In both the synthesis and analysis of the system, a point of view from within the system is adopted rather than that of an omniscient designer drawing a blueprint. This perspective projects the design and the designer into a living landscape. The motivation for a machine-centered perspective is explained in the first chapter. The second chapter describes the evolution of the silicon retina. The retina accurately encodes visual information over orders of magnitude of ambient illumination, using mismatched components that are calibrated as part of the encoding process. The visual abstraction created by the retina is suitable for transmission through a limited bandwidth channel. The third chapter introduces a general method for interchip communication, the address-event representation, which is used for transmission of retinal data. The address-event representation takes advantage of the speed of CMOS relative to biological neurons to preserve the information of biological action potentials using digital circuitry in place of axons. The fourth chapter describes a collective circuit that computes stereodisparity. In this circuit, the processing that corrects for imperfections in the hardware compensates for inherent ambiguity in the environment. The fifth chapter demonstrates a primitive working stereovision system. An Analog VLSI System for Stereoscopic Vision contributes to both computer engineering and neuroscience at a concrete level. Through the construction of a working analog of biological vision subsystems, new circuits for building brain-style analog computers have been developed. Specific neuropysiological and psychophysical results in terms of underlying electronic mechanisms are explained. These examples demonstrate the utility of using biological principles for building brain-style computers and the significance of building brain-style computers for understanding the nervous system.
Analog Vlsi Neural Networks
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Author : Yoshiyasu Takefuji
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Analog Vlsi Neural Networks written by Yoshiyasu Takefuji and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book brings together in one place important contributions and state-of-the-art research in the rapidly advancing area of analog VLSI neural networks. The book serves as an excellent reference, providing insights into some of the most important issues in analog VLSI neural networks research efforts.
Introduction To Analog Vlsi Design Automation
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Author : Mohammed Ismail
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Introduction To Analog Vlsi Design Automation written by Mohammed Ismail and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
Very large scale integration (VLSI) technologies are now maturing with a current emphasis toward submicron structures and sophisticated applications combining digital as well as analog circuits on a single chip. Abundant examples are found on today's advanced systems for telecom munications, robotics, automotive electronics, image processing, intelli gent sensors, etc .. Exciting new applications are being unveiled in the field of neural computing where the massive use of analog/digital VLSI technologies will have a significant impact. To match such a fast technological trend towards single chip ana logi digital VLSI systems, researchers worldwide have long realized the vital need of producing advanced computer aided tools for designing both digital and analog circuits and systems for silicon integration. Ar chitecture and circuit compilation, device sizing and the layout genera tion are but a few familiar tasks on the world of digital integrated circuit design which can be efficiently accomplished by matured computer aided tools. In contrast, the art of tools for designing and producing analog or even analogi digital integrated circuits is quite primitive and still lack ing the industrial penetration and acceptance already achieved by digital counterparts. In fact, analog design is commonly perceived to be one of the most knowledge-intensive design tasks and analog circuits are still designed, largely by hand, by expert intimately familiar with nuances of the target application and integrated circuit fabrication process. The techniques needed to build good analog circuits seem to exist solely as expertise invested in individual designers.
Analog Vlsi Circuits For The Perception Of Visual Motion
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Author : Alan A. Stocker
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2006-05-12
Analog Vlsi Circuits For The Perception Of Visual Motion written by Alan A. Stocker and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-05-12 with Computers categories.
Although it is now possible to integrate many millions of transistors on a single chip, traditional digital circuit technology is now reaching its limits, facing problems of cost and technical efficiency when scaled down to ever-smaller feature sizes. The analysis of biological neutral systems, especially for visual processing, has allowed angineers to better understand how complex network can effictively process large amounts of information, whilst dealing with difficult computational challenges. Analog and parallel processing are key characteristics of biological neutral networks. Analog VLSI circuits using the same features can therefore be developed to emulate brain-style processing. Using standard CMOS technology, they can be cheaply manufactured, permitting efficient industrial and consumer applications in robotics and mobile electronics. This book explores the theory, design and implementation of analog VLSI circuits, inspired by visual motion processing in biological neutral networks. Using a novel approach pioneered by the author himself, Stocker explains in detail the construction of a series of electronic chips, providing the reader with a valuable practical insight into the technology. Analog VLSI Circuits for the Perception of Visual Motion: analyzes the computational problems in visual motion perception; examines the issue of optimization in analog networks through high level processes such as motion segmentation and selective attention; demonstrates network implementation in anallog VLSI CMOS technology to provide computationally efficient devices; sets out measurements of final hardware implementation; illustrates the similarities of the presented circuits with the human visual motion perception system; includes an accompanying website with video clips of circuits under real-time visual conditions and additional supplementary material. With a complete review of all existing neuromorphic analog VLSI systems for visual motion sensing, Analog VLSI Circuits for the Perception of Visual Motion is a unique reference for advanced students in electrical engineering, artificial intelligence, robotics and computational neuroscience. It will also be useful for researcher, professionals, and electronics engineers working in the field.
Analog Vlsi Design Automation
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Author : Sina Balkir
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2003-06-27
Analog Vlsi Design Automation written by Sina Balkir and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-06-27 with Computers categories.
The explosive growth and development of the integrated circuit market over the last few years have been mostly limited to the digital VLSI domain. The difficulty of automating the design process in the analog domain, the fact that a general analog design methodology remained undefined, and the poor performance of earlier tools have left the analog