Analogy As Structure And Process
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Analogy As Structure And Process
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Author : Esa Itkonen
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 2005-01-01
Analogy As Structure And Process written by Esa Itkonen and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-01 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The concept of analogy is of central concern to modern cognitive scientists, whereas it has been largely neglected in linguistics in the past four decades. The goal of this thought-provoking book is (1) to introduce a cognitively and linguistically viable notion of analogy; and (2) to re-establish and build on traditional linguistic analogy-based research. As a starting point, a general definition of analogy is offered that makes the distinction between analogy-as-structure and analogy-as-process. Chapter 2 deals with analogy as used in traditional linguistics. It demonstrates how phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and diachronic linguistics make use of analogy and discusses linguistic domains in which analogy does or did not work. The appendix gives a description of a computer program, which performs such instances of analogy-based syntactic analysis as have long been claimed impossible. Chapter 3 supports the ultimate (non-modular) 'unity of the mind' and discusses the existence of pervasive analogies between language and such cognitive domains as vision, music, and logic. The final chapter presents evidence for the view that the cosmology of every culture is based on analogy. At a more abstract level, the role of analogy in scientific change is scrutinized, resulting in a meta-analogy between myth and science.
The Changing English Language
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Author : Marianne Hundt
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-07-20
The Changing English Language written by Marianne Hundt and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-20 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Experts from psycholinguistics and English historical linguistics address core factors in language change.
Conceptual Structures For Knowledge Creation And Communication
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Author : Aldo de Moor
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2003-07-09
Conceptual Structures For Knowledge Creation And Communication written by Aldo de Moor and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-07-09 with Computers categories.
The book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Conceptual Structures, ICCS 2003, held in Dresden, Germany in July 2003. The 23 revised full papers presented together with 5 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected for presentation. The papers are organized in topical sections on the many facets of conceptual structures, logical and linguistic aspects, conceptual representation of time and space, deepening the formal theory and applications of conceptual structures.
Encyclopedia Of The Sciences Of Learning
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Author : Norbert M. Seel
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-10-05
Encyclopedia Of The Sciences Of Learning written by Norbert M. Seel and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-10-05 with Education categories.
Over the past century, educational psychologists and researchers have posited many theories to explain how individuals learn, i.e. how they acquire, organize and deploy knowledge and skills. The 20th century can be considered the century of psychology on learning and related fields of interest (such as motivation, cognition, metacognition etc.) and it is fascinating to see the various mainstreams of learning, remembered and forgotten over the 20th century and note that basic assumptions of early theories survived several paradigm shifts of psychology and epistemology. Beyond folk psychology and its naïve theories of learning, psychological learning theories can be grouped into some basic categories, such as behaviorist learning theories, connectionist learning theories, cognitive learning theories, constructivist learning theories, and social learning theories. Learning theories are not limited to psychology and related fields of interest but rather we can find the topic of learning in various disciplines, such as philosophy and epistemology, education, information science, biology, and – as a result of the emergence of computer technologies – especially also in the field of computer sciences and artificial intelligence. As a consequence, machine learning struck a chord in the 1980s and became an important field of the learning sciences in general. As the learning sciences became more specialized and complex, the various fields of interest were widely spread and separated from each other; as a consequence, even presently, there is no comprehensive overview of the sciences of learning or the central theoretical concepts and vocabulary on which researchers rely. The Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning provides an up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the specific terms mostly used in the sciences of learning and its related fields, including relevant areas of instruction, pedagogy, cognitive sciences, and especially machine learning and knowledge engineering. This modern compendium will be an indispensable source of information for scientists, educators, engineers, and technical staff active in all fields of learning. More specifically, the Encyclopedia provides fast access to the most relevant theoretical terms provides up-to-date, broad and authoritative coverage of the most important theories within the various fields of the learning sciences and adjacent sciences and communication technologies; supplies clear and precise explanations of the theoretical terms, cross-references to related entries and up-to-date references to important research and publications. The Encyclopedia also contains biographical entries of individuals who have substantially contributed to the sciences of learning; the entries are written by a distinguished panel of researchers in the various fields of the learning sciences.
Proceedings Of The Seventeenth Annual Conference Of The Cognitive Science Society
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Author : Cognitive Science Society (U.S.). Conference
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 1995
Proceedings Of The Seventeenth Annual Conference Of The Cognitive Science Society written by Cognitive Science Society (U.S.). Conference and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Psychology categories.
This volume features the complete text of all regular papers, posters, and summaries of symposia presented at the 17th annual meeting of the Cognitive Science Society.
Using Analogies In Middle And Secondary Science Classrooms
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Author : Allan G. Harrison
language : en
Publisher: Corwin Press
Release Date : 2008
Using Analogies In Middle And Secondary Science Classrooms written by Allan G. Harrison and has been published by Corwin Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Education categories.
When analogies are effective, they readily engage students' interest and clarify difficult and abstract ideas. But not all analogies are created equal, and developing them is not always intuitive. Drawing from an extensive research base on the use of analogies in the classroom, Allan Harrison, Richard K. Coll, and a team of science experts come to the rescue with more than 40 teacher-friendly, ready-to-use analogies for biology, earth and space studies, chemistry, and physics. The rich material shows teachers how and when to select analogies for instruction, why certain analogies work or break down, how to gauge their effectiveness, and how to improve them. Designed to enhance teachers' presentation and interpretation of analogies through focus, action, and reflection (FAR), this guidebook includes: Key science concepts explained through effective models and analogies, Research findings on the use of analogies and their motivational impact, Guidelines that allow teachers and students to develop their own analogies, Numerous visual aids, science vignettes, and anecdotes to support the use of analogies. Linked to NSTA standards, Using Analogies in Middle and Secondary Science Classrooms will become a much-used resource by teachers who want to enrich inquiry-based science instruction. Book jacket.
Proceedings Of The Twentieth Annual Conference Of The Cognitive Science Society
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Author : Morton Ann Gernsbacher
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2022-05-16
Proceedings Of The Twentieth Annual Conference Of The Cognitive Science Society written by Morton Ann Gernsbacher and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-16 with Psychology categories.
This volume features the complete text of the material presented at the Twentieth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. As in previous years, the symposium included an interesting mixture of papers on many topics from researchers with diverse backgrounds and different goals, presenting a multifaceted view of cognitive science. This volume contains papers, posters, and summaries of symposia presented at the leading conference that brings cognitive scientists together to discuss issues of theoretical and applied concern. Submitted presentations are represented in these proceedings as "long papers" (those presented as spoken presentations and "full posters" at the conference) and "short papers" (those presented as "abstract posters" by members of the Cognitive Science Society).
Engineering Design Synthesis
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Author : Amaresh Chakrabarti
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
Engineering Design Synthesis written by Amaresh Chakrabarti and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book is an attempt to bring together some of the most infiuential pie ces of research that collectively underpin today's understanding of what constitutes and contributes to design synthesis, and the approaches and tools for supporting this important activity. The book has three parts. Part 1 - Understanding - is intended to provide an overview of some of the major findings as to what constitutes design synthesis, and some of its major infiuencing factors. Part 2 - Approaches - provides descriptions of some of the major prescriptive approaches to design synthesis that together infiu enced many of the computational tools described in the final part. Part 3 - Tool- is a selection of the diverse range of computational approaches being developed to support synthesis in the major strands of synthesis research - composition, retrieval, adaptation and change. In addition, the book contains an editorial introduction to the chapters and the broader context of research it represents, and a supplementary bibliography to help locate this broader expanse of work. With the wide variety of methods and tools covered, this book is intended primarily for graduate students and researchers in product design and development; but it will also be beneficial for educators and prac titioners of engineering design, for whom it should act as a valuable sourcebook of ideas for teaching or enhancing design creativity.
The Oxford Handbook Of Thinking And Reasoning
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Author : Keith J. Holyoak
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2013-05-23
The Oxford Handbook Of Thinking And Reasoning written by Keith J. Holyoak and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-23 with Psychology categories.
The Oxford Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning brings together the contributions of many of the leading researchers in thinking and reasoning to create the most comprehensive overview of research on thinking and reasoning that has ever been available.
Tunnels And Underground Cities Engineering And Innovation Meet Archaeology Architecture And Art
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Author : Daniele Peila
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2019-04-17
Tunnels And Underground Cities Engineering And Innovation Meet Archaeology Architecture And Art written by Daniele Peila and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-17 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art contains the contributions presented at the World Tunnel Congress 2019 (Naples, Italy, 3-9 May 2019). The use of underground space is continuing to grow, due to global urbanization, public demand for efficient transportation, and energy saving, production and distribution. The growing need for space at ground level, along with its continuous value increase and the challenges of energy saving and achieving sustainable development objectives, demand greater and better use of the underground space to ensure that it supports sustainable, resilient and more liveable cities. This vision was the source of inspiration for the design of the logos of both the International (ITA) and Italian (SIG) Tunnelling Association. By placing key infrastructures underground – the black circle in the logos – it will be possible to preserve and enhance the quality of the space at ground level – the green line. In order to consider and value underground space usage together with human and social needs, engineers, architects, and artists will have to learn to collaborate and develop an interdisciplinary design approach that addresses functionality, safety, aesthetics and quality of life, and adaptability to future and varied functions. The 700 contributions cover a wide range of topics, from more traditional subjects connected to technical challenges of design and construction of underground works, with emphasis on innovation in tunneling engineering, to less conventional and archetypically Italian themes such as archaeology, architecture, and art. The book has the following main themes: Archaeology, Architecture and Art in underground construction; Environment sustainability in underground construction; Geological and geotechnical knowledge and requirements for project implementation; Ground improvement in underground constructions; Innovation in underground engineering, materials and equipment; Long and deep tunnels; Public communication and awareness; Risk management, contracts and financial aspects; Safety in underground construction; Strategic use of underground space for resilient cities; Urban tunnels. Tunnels and Underground Cities: Engineering and Innovation meet Archaeology, Architecture and Art is a valuable reference text for tunneling specialists, owners, engineers, architects and others involved in underground planning, design and building around the world, and for academics who are interested in underground constructions and geotechnics.