Analysis Of Threat Perceptions
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Analysis Of Threat Perceptions
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Author : Mehmet Emin Erendor
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2025-08-11
Analysis Of Threat Perceptions written by Mehmet Emin Erendor and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-08-11 with Political Science categories.
In 2007, Estonia faced a series of cyberattacks on its cyber infrastructure, which caused widespread damage to the country’s economy, politics, and security. However, despite this series of cyberattacks, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) did not apply Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty due to lack of consensus on applying Article 5 in the Estonian case. Although various approaches have been developed by scholars, there is no common application of international law in the United Nations Charter regarding cyber threats or attacks. Moreover, while there has been no common definition of "cyber terrorism" by the international community, some scholars regard "cyberattacks" as acts of war. There is a paucity of literature dealing with the application of international law on cyber threats. A new Strategic Concept was adopted in 2010. Its most important development was to identify the significance of cyber threats to all NATO member bodies. When updating its own technology, the organization needs to be ready to defend itself against all kinds of asymmetrical warfare, whether from within or beyond its operational range. However, the terms of Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty were imprecise as to whether cyberattacks can be regarded as a form of threat; for this reason, NATO accepted the case‐by‐case concept on cyber threats/attacks in terms of the application of Article 5 by the Wales Summit in 2014. Despite the fact that the Charter of the United Nations has not been revised, if its articles are broadly evaluated, cyberattacks would be accepted as a threat or use of force against the territorial integrity of a state. The main purpose of this book is to analyze and evaluate what has been carried out regarding NATO’s operational arrangements and its cyber defense approach and, secondly, to explain this through the lens of Game Theory. Furthermore, it will demonstrate why the web is paramount to NATO’s system‐driven operations, and why it requires a cyber defense arrangement. In particular, the research presented here will analyze Türkiye in this regard. The cyberattack on Estonia in 2007 will be used by way of a case study to explain the development of threat perceptions, risks, international law, cybersecurity policies and application of Game Theory.
Threats And Alliances In The Middle East
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Author : May Darwich
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-09-26
Threats And Alliances In The Middle East written by May Darwich and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-26 with History categories.
Examines Saudi and Syrian policies during three pivotal wars, to understand how identity and power influence state behaviour in the Middle East.
The Role Of Threat Perceptions In International Relations
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Author : Vindu Mai Chotani
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2025-08-01
The Role Of Threat Perceptions In International Relations written by Vindu Mai Chotani and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-08-01 with Political Science categories.
With China’s rise in the Indo-Pacific, this book systematically analyses and explores the complex reality of questions regarding threat perception—why and when do states perceive or do not perceive China as a threat, and what influences or drives these perceptions? How have their perceptions evolved and changed over time? To provide deeper insight, it moves beyond traditional Realist explanations of the “China threat”. Additionally, by engaging in a diverse theoretical discussion, it studies the various perspectives of key Indo-Pacific players: India, Japan, China, the United States, Australia, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, and South Korea. Mapping the formation and changing perceptions of threat regarding China’s rise, this book would be essential reading for scholars, students, and researchers of international relations studying the Indo-Pacific region, threat perception, global politics, geopolitics, foreign policy, Chinese studies, middle powers, and strategic studies. It will also be a useful handy reference for foreign policy experts, government bureaucrats, and think tanks.
Operational Code Analysis And Foreign Policy Roles
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Author : Mark Schafer
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-03-22
Operational Code Analysis And Foreign Policy Roles written by Mark Schafer and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-22 with Political Science categories.
In this book, senior scholars and a new generation of analysts present different applications of recent advances linking beliefs and decision-making, in the area of foreign policy analysis with strategic interactions in world politics. Divided into five parts, Part 1 identifies how the beliefs in the cognitive operational codes of individual leaders explain the political decisions of states. In Part 2, five chapters illustrate progress in comparing the operational codes of individual leaders, including Vladimir Putin of Russia, three US presidents, Bolivian president Evo Morales, Sri Lanka’s President Chandrika Kumaratunga, and various leaders of terrorist organizations operating in the Middle East and North Africa. Part 3 introduces a new Psychological Characteristics of Leaders (PsyCL) data set containing the operational codes of US presidents from the early 1800s to the present. In Part 4, the focus is on strategic interactions among dyads and evolutionary patterns among states in different regional and world systems. Part 5 revisits whether the contents of the preceding chapters support the claims about the links between beliefs and foreign policy roles in world politics. Richly illustrated and with comprehensive analysis Operational Code Analysis and Foreign Policy Roles will be of interest to specialists in foreign policy analysis, international relations theorists, graduate students, and national security analysts in the policy-making and intelligence communities.
Japan S Threat Perception During The Cold War
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Author : Eitan Oren
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-02-10
Japan S Threat Perception During The Cold War written by Eitan Oren and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-02-10 with History categories.
Oren re-examines Japan’s threat perception during the first two decades of the Cold War, using a wide range of source materials, including many unavailable in English, or only recently declassified. There is a widely shared misconception that during the Cold War the Japanese were largely shielded from threats due to the American military protection, the regional balance of power, Japan’s geographical insularity, and domestic aversion to militarism. Oren dispels this, showing how security threats pervaded Japanese strategic thinking in this period. By dispelling this misconception, Oren enables us to more accurately gauge the degree to which Japan’s threat perception has evolved during and after the end of the Cold War and to enhance our understanding of Tokyo’s strategic calculus in the current situation of rivalry between China and the United States. This book will be of great value to both scholars of Japanese history and contemporary international relations.
The Cambridge Handbook Of The Psychology Of Prejudice
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Author : Fiona Kate Barlow
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2018-10-11
The Cambridge Handbook Of The Psychology Of Prejudice written by Fiona Kate Barlow and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-11 with Family & Relationships categories.
This concise student edition of The Cambridge Handbook of the Psychology of Prejudice includes new pedagogical features and instructor resources.
Threat Perceptions
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Author : Saran Ghatak
language : en
Publisher: Lexington Books
Release Date : 2010-12-13
Threat Perceptions written by Saran Ghatak and has been published by Lexington Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-13 with Political Science categories.
Threat Perceptions: The Policing of Dangers from Eugenics to the War on Terrorism is a study of the legal, scientific and social constructions of danger and risk of crime in the United States since the late nineteenth century. Governance of risk has emerged as an intrinsic part of the legislative and administrative processes of contemporary societies. While institutional practices of risk management are more prevalent in contemporary times, the rationality of controlling or eliminating potential risks is not necessarily new in history. Specific aspects of contemporary risk-management techniques were present in certain early twentieth-century crime control policies. Some of the earliest instances were the defective delinquency laws directed at controlling the peril of the so-called "feebleminded" criminals. Similarly, policing of political dissent before and after the advent of McCarthyism contained elements of techniques that have been revised and expanded in the contemporary era of the PATRIOT Act. The very idea of "risk" is contingent on, and produced through the intersection of various social processes. Prevailing social conditions and political trends influence the production of risk perceptions, just as legislations and judicial precedents institutionalize the calculation and control of risk by criminal justice and security apparatuses of a nation. Simultaneously, the prediction of risk is established by scientific discourses and practices, as psychological profiles, statistical models, and other measures of risk factors render the future calculable-hence, predictable. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of risk management and security practices necessitates the analysis of these processes that essentially transforms a possibility into reality, which then forms the basis of public policies and governmental processes.
Threat Perceptions In The Philippines Malaysia And Singapore
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Author : William E. Berry
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Threat Perceptions In The Philippines Malaysia And Singapore written by William E. Berry and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Malaysia categories.
Three countries, Philippines, Malaysia, and Singapore, each represent a different security relationship with the U.S. The U.S. has had a long security tie with the Philippines. Although there are no longer house American forces, the Mutual Defense Treaty remains in effect. Malaysia has taken a approach to its national security by employing a more neutral orientation by not antagonizing China. Singapore has been more proactive in developing its security ties with the U.S. It has taken specific steps in the effort to keep the U.S. engaged in the region. The first section outlines the nature of the U.S. military presence in East Asia from the Cold War to post-Cold War periods. The second identifies some real and potential security threats in the region from the American perspective. The final section reports the results of a series of more than 50 interviews conducted in Washington and in each of the three countries, Philippines, Malaysia, and Singapore, based on the following questions of vital national security objectives and threats.
Anxious Politics
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Author : Bethany Albertson
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2015-08-31
Anxious Politics written by Bethany Albertson and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-08-31 with Political Science categories.
Anxious Politics argues that political anxiety affects the news we consume, who we trust, and what public policies we support.
A Dangerous World
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Author : Christopher A. Preble
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
A Dangerous World written by Christopher A. Preble and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Political Science categories.
In this timely edited volume of papers, experts on international security assess, and put in context, the supposed dangers to American security.