Analytical Methods High Melting Metals
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Analytical Methods High Melting Metals
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Analytical Methods High Melting Metals written by and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
In solid state physics and in materials science the investigation of the connection between the properties of solids and their microstructure is of major importance. For crystalline materials this connection is related to the lattice structure, and it can be shown convinc ingly that the material properties depend on deviations from the ideal lattice structure in the majority of cases. For this reason a reliable detection and analysis of defects in "nearly perfect" crystals is necessary, and a sufficient spatial resolution of the methods applied is required. Because electrons on the one hand strongly interact with the matter to be investigated and on the other hand can easily be focused electron-optical methods are very advantageous for this purpose. They are used in the diffraction mode, in the imaging mode and in the spectroscopic mode. The attainable high lateral resolution in the imaging mode makes the application of electron microscopy especially effective. Although already valuable information on crystal defects can be gained by using the routine technique of diffraction contrast imagingl-3) which has a resolution of some 4 10 nm - in the special weak-beam technique ) of some nm -, the detection of crystal defects and inhomogeneities, resp. on an atomic or molecular level by the aid of high resolution electron microscopy gets increasing importance.
Analytical Methods High Melting Metals
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1982
Analytical Methods High Melting Metals written by and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Crystals categories.
Analytical Methods For Certain Metals Including Cerium Thorium Molybdenum Tungsten Radium Uranium Vanadium Titanium And Zirconium
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Author : Richard Bishop Moore
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1923
Analytical Methods For Certain Metals Including Cerium Thorium Molybdenum Tungsten Radium Uranium Vanadium Titanium And Zirconium written by Richard Bishop Moore and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1923 with Analytical chemistry categories.
Crystal Growth From The Melt
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Author : Georg Müller
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Crystal Growth From The Melt written by Georg Müller and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
1 The content ofthis article is based on a German book version ) which appeared at the end of the year 1986. The author tried to incorporate - as far as possible - new important results published in the last year. But the literature in the field of "convection and inhomogeneities in crystal growth from the melt" has increased so much in the meantime that the reader and the collegues should make allowance for any incompleteness, also in the case that their important contributions have not been cited. This could for example hold for problems related to the Czochralski growth. But especially for this topic the reader may be refered to the forthcoming volume of this series, which contains special contributions on "Surface Tension Driven Flow in Crystal Growth Melts" by D. Schwabe and on "Convection in Czochralski Melts" by M. Mihelcic, W. Uelhoff, H. Wenzl and K. Wingerath. The preparation of this manuscript has been supported by several women whose help is gratefully acknowledged by the autor: Mrs. Gisela Neuner for the type writing, Mrs. Abigail Sanders, Mrs. Fiona Eels and especially Prof. Nancy Haegel for their help in questions of the English language and Mrs. Christa Weber for reading corrections. Also the good cooperation with the Springer Verlag, especially Mrs. Bohlen and with the managing editor of Crystals, Prof. H. C. Freyhardt, who critically read the manuscript, is acknowledged.
Bibliography Of Mass Spectroscopy Literature For 1970
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1972
Bibliography Of Mass Spectroscopy Literature For 1970 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with Mass spectrometry categories.
Modern Analytical Techniques For Metals And Alloys
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Author : Rointan Framroze Bunshah
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1970
Modern Analytical Techniques For Metals And Alloys written by Rointan Framroze Bunshah and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1970 with Alloys categories.
Silicon Chemical Etching
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Author : J. Grabmaier
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Silicon Chemical Etching written by J. Grabmaier and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
In the first contribution to this volume we read that the world-wide production of single crystal silicon amounts to some 2000 metric tons per year. Given the size of present-day silicon-crystals, this number is equivalent to 100000 silicon-crystals grown every year by either the Czochralski (80%) or the floating-zone (20%) technique. But, to the best of my knowledge, no coherent and comprehensive article has been written that deals with "the art and science", as well as the practical and technical aspects of growing silicon crystals by the Czochralski technique. The same could be said about the floating-zone technique were it not for the review article by W. Dietze, W. Keller and A. Miihlbauer which was published in the preceding Volume 5 ("Silicon") of this series (and for a monograph by two of the above authors published about the same time). As editor of this volume I am very glad to have succeeded in persuading two scien tists, W. Zulehner and D. Huber, of Wacker-Chemitronic GmbH - the world's largest producer of silicon-crystals - to write a comprehensive article about the practical and scientific aspects of growing silicon-crystals by the Czochralski method and about silicon wafer manufacture. I am sure that many scientists or engineers who work with silicon crystals -be it in the laboratory or in a production environment - will profit from the first article in this volume.
X Ray Absorption And X Ray Emission Spectroscopy
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Author : Jeroen A. van Bokhoven
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2016-01-14
X Ray Absorption And X Ray Emission Spectroscopy written by Jeroen A. van Bokhoven and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-14 with Science categories.
During the last two decades, remarkable and often spectacularprogress has been made in the methodological and instrumentalaspects of x–ray absorption and emission spectroscopy. Thisprogress includes considerable technological improvements in thedesign and production of detectors especially with the developmentand expansion of large-scale synchrotron reactors All this hasresulted in improved analytical performance and new applications,as well as in the perspective of a dramatic enhancement in thepotential of x–ray based analysis techniques for the nearfuture. This comprehensive two-volume treatise features articlesthat explain the phenomena and describe examples of X–rayabsorption and emission applications in several fields, includingchemistry, biochemistry, catalysis, amorphous and liquid systems,synchrotron radiation, and surface phenomena. Contributors explainthe underlying theory, how to set up X–ray absorptionexperiments, and how to analyze the details of the resultingspectra. X-Ray Absorption and X-ray Emission Spectroscopy: Theory andApplications: Combines the theory, instrumentation and applications of x-rayabsorption and emission spectroscopies which offer uniquediagnostics to study almost any object in the Universe. Is the go-to reference book in the subject for all researchersacross multi-disciplines since intense beams from modern sourceshave revolutionized x-ray science in recent years Is relevant to students, postdocurates and researchers workingon x-rays and related synchrotron sources and applications inmaterials, physics, medicine, environment/geology, andbiomedical materials
Modern Crystallography Iii
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Author : A.A. Chernov
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Modern Crystallography Iii written by A.A. Chernov and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Early in this century, the newly discovered x-ray diffraction by crystals made a complete change in crystallography and in the whole science of the atomic structure of matter, thus giving a new impetus to the development of solid-state physics. Crystallographic methods, pri marily x-ray diffraction analysis, penetrated into materials sciences, mol ecular physics, and chemistry, and also into many other branches of science. Later, electron and neutron diffraction structure analyses be came important since they not only complement x-ray data, but also supply new information on the atomic and the real structure of crystals. Electron microscopy and other modern methods of investigating mat ter-optical, electronic paramagnetic, nuclear magnetic, and other res onance techniques-yield a large amount of information on the atomic, electronic, and real crystal structures. Crystal physics has also undergone vigorous development. Many re markable phenomena have been discovered in crystals and then found various practical applications. Other important factors promoting the development of crystallog raphy were the elaboration of the theory of crystal growth (which brought crystallography closer to thermodynamics and physical chem istry) and the development of the various methods of growing synthetic crystals dictated by practical needs. Man-made crystals became increas ingly important for physical investigations, and they rapidly invaded technology. The production . of synthetic crystals made a tremendous impact on the traditional branches: the mechanical treatment of mate rials, precision instrument making, and the jewelry industry.
Spectrochemical Analysis Of High Purity Metals
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Author : Maurice Jarvis Peterson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1961
Spectrochemical Analysis Of High Purity Metals written by Maurice Jarvis Peterson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1961 with Metals categories.