Anatomy And Plasticity In Large Scale Brain Models
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Anatomy And Plasticity In Large Scale Brain Models
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Author : Markus Butz
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-01-05
Anatomy And Plasticity In Large Scale Brain Models written by Markus Butz and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-05 with categories.
Supercomputing facilities are becoming increasingly available for simulating activity dynamics in large-scale neuronal networks. On today's most advanced supercomputers, networks with up to a billion of neurons can be readily simulated. However, building biologically realistic, full-scale brain models requires more than just a huge number of neurons. In addition to network size, the detailed local and global anatomy of neuronal connections is of crucial importance. Moreover, anatomical connectivity is not fixed, but can rewire throughout life (structural plasticity)—an aspect that is missing in most current network models, in which plasticity is confined to changes in synaptic strength (synaptic plasticity). The papers in this Ebook, which may broadly be divided into three themes, aim to bring together high-performance computing with recent experimental and computational research in neuroanatomy. In the first theme (fiber connectivity), new methods are described for measuring and data-basing microscopic and macroscopic connectivity. In the second theme (structural plasticity), novel models are introduced that incorporate morphological plasticity and rewiring of anatomical connections. In the third theme (large-scale simulations), simulations of large-scale neuronal networks are presented with an emphasis on anatomical detail and plasticity mechanisms. Together, the articles in this Ebook make the reader aware of the methods and models by which large-scale brain networks running on supercomputers can be extended to include anatomical detail and plasticity.
Discovering The Brain
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Author : National Academy of Sciences
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1992-01-01
Discovering The Brain written by National Academy of Sciences and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-01-01 with Medical categories.
The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."
Translational Research In Traumatic Brain Injury
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Author : Daniel Laskowitz
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2016-04-21
Translational Research In Traumatic Brain Injury written by Daniel Laskowitz and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-21 with Medical categories.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the developme
Consciousness Genesis In Artificial Intelligence
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Author : professor ibrahim elnoshokaty
language : en
Publisher: ibrahim elnoshokaty
Release Date :
Consciousness Genesis In Artificial Intelligence written by professor ibrahim elnoshokaty and has been published by ibrahim elnoshokaty this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Computers categories.
Consciousness Genesis In Artificial Intelligence" by Professor Ibrahim El Noshokaty, I can provide a preliminary review that outlines the structure and content captured within the initial pages available to me. Below is an overview based on the table of contents and some introductory text: Title: Consciousness Genesis In Artificial Intelligence Author: Professor Ibrahim El Noshokaty Overview: The academic work delves into the complex topic of artificial intelligence and its relation to human-like consciousness. It explores whether AI can be creative, how numerical data and programming languages can emulate human sensory experiences and emotions, and the potential implications of such advances. Chapters and Themes: Introduction and Fuzzy Logic System: Initiates the discussion with fundamental questions about AI creativity and creation, followed by the exposition of fuzzy logic systems. Existential Threat and AI in Hollywood: Examines AI's potential to disrupt industries such as Hollywood, the feasibility of generative AI in original content production, and copyright issues in AI outputs. Hierarchical Fuzzy Deep Learning: Discusses advanced AI techniques to enhance learning and decision making, addressing the concepts of consciousness and fuzzy logic in AI. Algorithms for Modern Fuzzy Logic Systems: Delves into the technical aspects of fuzzy logic systems and algorithms, highlighting methods for system optimization. Development of Conscience in AI: Contemplates the moral aspects and decision-making capabilities of AI systems, along with the incorporation of ethical considerations and human values. Artificial Cognition: Analyzes the notion of machine learning and cognition, transparency within AI mechanisms, and the ethical implications of artificial minds. Artificial Sensations: Explores the development of AI systems capable of mimicking human senses and responses, using advanced materials and devices. Artificial Brain: Concludes with an investigation into mimicking human brain function within AI systems and the potential capacity for AI to evolve with environmental interaction. The work appears to be an exploration of the frontier where technology meets human cognition, emotion, and ethical considerations. The book may offer expertise in several domains, including AI algorithms, deep learning, neuromorphic computing, and the philosophical implications of imbuing AI with aspects of human consciousness. The manuscript's purpose is likely to probe the theoretical boundaries of AI and its future potential, as well as to identify and confront some of the ethical dilemmas that arise as AI systems become increasingly sophisticated. This preliminary review only scratches the surface of what the book contains. For a full review, including critical analysis and conclusions, it would be necessary to read the document in its entirety. If you have any specific areas you'd like me to focus on or if there are particular chapters you want to examine in more detail, please let me know.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Of Healthy And Diseased Brain Networks
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Author : Yong He
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2015-03-05
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Of Healthy And Diseased Brain Networks written by Yong He and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-05 with Brain categories.
An important aspect of neuroscience is to characterize the underlying connectivity patterns of the human brain (i.e., human connectomics). Over the past few years, researchers have demonstrated that by combining a variety of different neuroimaging technologies (e.g., structural MRI, diffusion MRI and functional MRI) with sophisticated analytic strategies such as graph theory, it is possible to noninvasively map the patterns of structural and functional connectivity of human whole-brain networks. With these novel approaches, many studies have shown that human brain networks have nonrandom properties such as modularity, small-worldness and highly connected hubs. Importantly, these quantifiable network properties change with age, learning and disease. Moreover, there is growing evidence for behavioral and genetic correlates. Network analysis of neuroimaging data is opening up a new avenue of research into the understanding of the organizational principles of the brain that will be of interest for all basic scientists and clinical researchers. Such approaches are powerful but there are a number of challenging issues when extracting reliable brain networks from various imaging modalities and analyzing the topological properties, e.g., definitions of network nodes and edges and reproducibility of network analysis. We assembled contributions related to the state-of-the-art methodologies of brain connectivity and the applications involving development, aging and neuropsychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and mood and anxiety disorders. It is anticipated that the articles in this Research Topic will provide a greater range and depth of provision for the field of imaging connectomics.
Principles Of Brain Dynamics
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Author : Mikhail I. Rabinovich
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2023-12-05
Principles Of Brain Dynamics written by Mikhail I. Rabinovich and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-05 with Medical categories.
Experimental and theoretical approaches to global brain dynamics that draw on the latest research in the field. The consideration of time or dynamics is fundamental for all aspects of mental activity—perception, cognition, and emotion—because the main feature of brain activity is the continuous change of the underlying brain states even in a constant environment. The application of nonlinear dynamics to the study of brain activity began to flourish in the 1990s when combined with empirical observations from modern morphological and physiological observations. This book offers perspectives on brain dynamics that draw on the latest advances in research in the field. It includes contributions from both theoreticians and experimentalists, offering an eclectic treatment of fundamental issues. Topics addressed range from experimental and computational approaches to transient brain dynamics to the free-energy principle as a global brain theory. The book concludes with a short but rigorous guide to modern nonlinear dynamics and their application to neural dynamics.
Modeling In The Neurosciences
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Author : G. N. Reeke
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2005-03-29
Modeling In The Neurosciences written by G. N. Reeke and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-03-29 with Mathematics categories.
Computational models of neural networks have proven insufficient to accurately model brain function, mainly as a result of simplifications that ignore the physical reality of neuronal structure in favor of mathematically tractable algorithms and rules. Even the more biologically based "integrate and fire" and "compartmental" styles of modeling suff
Networks Of The Brain
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Author : Olaf Sporns
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2016-02-12
Networks Of The Brain written by Olaf Sporns and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-12 with Medical categories.
An integrative overview of network approaches to neuroscience explores the origins of brain complexity and the link between brain structure and function. Over the last decade, the study of complex networks has expanded across diverse scientific fields. Increasingly, science is concerned with the structure, behavior, and evolution of complex systems ranging from cells to ecosystems. In Networks of the Brain, Olaf Sporns describes how the integrative nature of brain function can be illuminated from a complex network perspective. Highlighting the many emerging points of contact between neuroscience and network science, the book serves to introduce network theory to neuroscientists and neuroscience to those working on theoretical network models. Sporns emphasizes how networks connect levels of organization in the brain and how they link structure to function, offering an informal and nonmathematical treatment of the subject. Networks of the Brain provides a synthesis of the sciences of complex networks and the brain that will be an essential foundation for future research.
Neural Organization
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Author : Michael A. Arbib
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 1998
Neural Organization written by Michael A. Arbib and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Medical categories.
In Neural Organization, Arbib, Erdi, and Szentagothai integrate structural, functional, and dynamical approaches to the interaction of brain models and neurobiologcal experiments. Both structure-based "bottom-up" and function- based "top-down" models offer coherent concepts by which to evaluate the experimental data. The goal of this book is to point out the advantages of a multidisciplinary, multistrategied approach to the brain.Part I of Neural Organization provides a detailed introduction to each of the three areas of structure, function, and dynamics. Structure refers to the anatomical aspects of the brain and the relations between different brain regions. Function refers to skills and behaviors, which are explained by means of functional schemas and biologically based neural networks. Dynamics refers to the use of a mathematical framework to analyze the temporal change of neural activities and synaptic connectivities that underlie brain development and plasticity--in terms of both detailed single-cell models and large-scale network models.In part II, the authors show how their systematic approach can be used to analyze specific parts of the nervous system--the olfactory system, hippocampus, thalamus, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and basal ganglia--as well as to integrate data from the study of brain regions, functional models, and the dynamics of neural networks. In conclusion, they offer a plan for the use of their methods in the development of cognitive neuroscience."
Computational Neurosurgery
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Author : Antonio Di Ieva
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2024-11-10
Computational Neurosurgery written by Antonio Di Ieva and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-11-10 with Science categories.
This comprehensive and authoritative reference presents the state-of-the-art computational methods applied to the field of neurosurgery. The book brings together leading neuroscientists, neurosurgeons, mathematicians, computer scientists, engineers, ethicists and lawyers, to open the new frontier of computational neurosurgery to a broad audience interested in the translational field of the application of computational models, such as deep learning, to the study of the brain and the practical applications of neurosurgery. The focus is primarily clinical, and there is a solid foundation of research aspects. With forewords by Michael L.J. Apuzzo and Enrico Coiera, the book is organized into 2 sections: (1) tenets of computational modeling, artificial intelligence, computational analysis, and analysis software; (2) computational neurosurgery applications, including neurodiagnostics, neuro-oncology, vascular neurosurgery, all the neurosurgical disciplines, surgical approaches, intraoperative applications, and ethics and legal aspects.