Animal And Human Calorimetry
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Animal And Human Calorimetry
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Author : J. A. McLean
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2007-12-03
Animal And Human Calorimetry written by J. A. McLean and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-12-03 with Medical categories.
This volume provides a comprehensive survey of the theory, practice, and techniques of calorimetry as applied to the study of energy metabolism in humans and animals. Calorimetry is used to estimate nutritional requirements of man and farm livestock and to evaluate different foods. It is also a powerful tool used in research into fundamental nutritional and physiological life processes and in the evaluation of stresses imposed by abnormal or severe environments. It is currently being applied in various branches of medical research and can be used as a diagnostic tool in hospitals for investigation of metabolic disorders. The authors discuss both direct calorimetry, which measures heat loss directly, and indirect calorimetry, where heat loss is inferred by measurement of some of the chemical byproducts of metabolism. In addition, guidance is provided to the instrumentation, technical problems, and precautions necessary to obtain accurate calorimetric measurements.
Indirect Calorimetry
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Author : Walter Gerrits
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2023-08-07
Indirect Calorimetry written by Walter Gerrits and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-07 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The use of indirect calorimetry to measure the heat production of men and animals has increased rapidly since the pioneering work of Lavoisier. Measurement of the consumption of oxygen and production of carbon dioxide are the basis for the measurement of heat production. Today, applications of indirect calorimetry are available in many species. Combining these measurements with accurate climate control, recording of physical activity and feed intake, use of stable isotopes and sophisticated modelling techniques allow scientists to make progress in various research areas. This book provides a scientific basis for indirect calorimetry, dealing with smart ways to design calorimeters, gas measurements and computational techniques to deal with complex data. Novel techniques allow the connection between short term changes in energy expenditure, protein turnover and substrate oxidation, e.g. using stable isotopes. Various applications of indirect calorimetry are addressed, including heat production measurements in growing animals, hatching eggs, companion animals and in animals housed under heat stress conditions. In addition, various ways of measuring methane emissions are discussed. This book is intended for scientists working or interested in calorimetry or metabolism research, or people designing calorimetry systems, opening their eyes for applications they did not yet think of.
Energy Metabolism In Animals And Man
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Author : Sir Kenneth Lyon Blaxter
language : en
Publisher: CUP Archive
Release Date : 1989-06-29
Energy Metabolism In Animals And Man written by Sir Kenneth Lyon Blaxter and has been published by CUP Archive this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989-06-29 with Medical categories.
Abstract: This book discusses the factors which affect the heat produced by animals and man and the ways in which the energy of the organic components of their diets are used to support growth and reproduction. The general thermodynamic principles are considered in addition to the physical principles related to heat loss by radiation, convection, conduction and evaporation of water. Major parts of the book deal with the minimal or basal production of heat, with the heat produced during muscular work and as a result of physiological reactions to the climatic environment. The test is intended for undergraduates and postgraduates who are studying energy metabolism in the context of zoology, agriculture, ecology, or medicine.
Comparative Nutrition Of Man And Domestic Animals
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Author : H Mitchell
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Comparative Nutrition Of Man And Domestic Animals written by H Mitchell and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Comparative Nutrition of Man and Domestic Animals, Volume I discusses practical phases in the evaluation of the nutrient requirements of man and his domesticated animals and the factors that modify these quanta. This book also covers various nutrients' biochemical nature, functions, and participation in the energy transactions of the body. Organized into 11 chapters, the book initially discusses the principles of the basal metabolism and the activity increment and their role in evaluating maintenance requirement of human and animal for energy. The subsequent chapter focuses on the maintenance requirement of protein under stress and non-stress conditions. Other chapters discuss nutrient requirements for maintenance, such as water and minerals. The book also examines the nutrient requirements for muscle activities, growth, senescence, reproduction, and lactation. A discussion on the storage of nutritive material, such as water, protein, minerals, vitamins, and energy, is included. This volume is an invaluable source for organic chemists, biochemists, animal physiologists, zoologists, and nutritionists.
Handbook Of Thermal Analysis And Calorimetry
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Author : Richard B. Kemp
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 1999-12-13
Handbook Of Thermal Analysis And Calorimetry written by Richard B. Kemp and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-12-13 with Science categories.
The applications and interest in thermal analysis and calorimetry have grown enormously during the last half of the 20th century. These techniques have become indispensable in the study of processes such as catalysis, hazards evaluation etc., and in measuring important physical properties quickly, conveniently and with markedly improved accuracy. Consequently, thermal analysis and calorimetry have grown in stature and more scientists and engineers have become at least part-time, practitioners. People new to the field therefore need a source of information describing the basic principles and current state of the art. The last volume of this 4 volume handbook, devoted to many aspects of biological thermal analysis and calorimetry, completes a comprehensive review of this important area. All chapters have been prepared by recognized experts in their respective fields. The approach taken is "how and what to do and when to do it". The complete work is a valuable addition to the already existing literature.
Human Temperature Control
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Author : Eugene H. Wissler
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-10-29
Human Temperature Control written by Eugene H. Wissler and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-29 with Medical categories.
The principal objective of this book is to provide information needed to define human thermal behavior quantitatively. Human thermal physiology is defined using mathematical methods routinely employed by physicists and engineers, but seldom used by physiologists. Major sections of the book are devoted to blood flow, sweating, shivering, heat transfer within the body, and heat and mass transfer from skin and clothing to the environment. Simple algebraic models based on experimental data from a century of physiological investigation are developed for bodily processes. The book offers an invaluable source of information for physiologists and physical scientists interested in quantitative approaches to the fascinating field of human thermoregulation.
Nutritional Biochemistry
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Author : Tom Brody
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 1999
Nutritional Biochemistry written by Tom Brody and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Medical categories.
This "real-world" approach allows students to come away with a realistically informed view of the basis for much of our understanding of nutritional biochemistry.
Instruments Of Science
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Author : Robert Bud
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 1998
Instruments Of Science written by Robert Bud and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with History categories.
With over 300 entries from the ancient abacus to X-ray diffraction, as represented by a ca. 1900 photo of an X- ray machine as well as the latest research into filmless x- ray systems, this tour of the history of scientific instruments in multiple disciplines provides context and a bibliography for each entry. Newer conceptions of "instrument" include organisms widely used in research: e.g. the mouse, drosophila, and E. coli. Bandw photographs and diagrams showcase more traditional instruments from The Science Museum, London, and the Smithsonian's National Museum of American History. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Energy Metabolism
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Author : Patrick Christian Even
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date : 2014-11-03
Energy Metabolism written by Patrick Christian Even and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-03 with Energy metabolism categories.
Energy metabolism is central to life and altered energy expenditure (EE) is often cited as a central mechanism responsible for development of the obese phenotype. Resting EE, EE of physical activity, cold induced thermogenesis and thermic effect of feeding add to produce total EE but can also affect each other. It is thus very important that each component be well measured. Measuring energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry is extremely simple in theory but the practice if far more difficult. Taking into account temperature in small sized animals, measuring accurately the effect of activity on EE, correcting EE for body size body composition, age sex etc… add difficulties in producing reliable data. The goal of this Research Topic was to call for the practical experience of main investigators trained to practice calorimetry in order to get their feedback and the way they deal with the various and specific problems of humans and animal calorimetry. The goal is to share the questions/solutions experienced by the contributors to inititate a “guide of the good practices” that can be periodically updated and used by all those who are and will be interested in measuring energy metabolism from the 20g mouse to the human and large farm animals.
Human Calorimeters
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Author : Paul Webb
language : en
Publisher: Praeger Publishers
Release Date : 1985
Human Calorimeters written by Paul Webb and has been published by Praeger Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Calorimeters, the fundamental tool in thermal physiology, have shown that energy is conserved and they have established the scientific basis of nutrition and characterized the metabolic states in fever and disease. In all, 36 human calorimeters have been built in the past 95 years. Human Calorimeters presents an historical survey of the research produced from human calorimeters to date.