Animal Rationality
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Brutal Reasoning
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Author : Erica Fudge
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2019-02-15
Brutal Reasoning written by Erica Fudge and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-15 with Literary Criticism categories.
Early modern English thinkers were fascinated by the subject of animal rationality, even before the appearance of Descartes's Discourse on the Method (1637) and its famous declaration of the automatism of animals. But as Erica Fudge relates in Brutal Reasoning, the discussions were not as straightforward—or as reflexively anthropocentric—as has been assumed. Surveying a wide range of texts-religious, philosophical, literary, even comic-Fudge explains the crucial role that reason played in conceptualizations of the human and the animal, as well as the distinctions between the two. Brutal Reasoning looks at the ways in which humans were conceptualized, at what being "human" meant, and at how humans could lose their humanity. It also takes up the questions of what made an animal an animal, why animals were studied in the early modern period, and at how people understood, and misunderstood, what they saw when they did look. From the influence of classical thinking on the human-animal divide and debates surrounding the rationality of women, children, and Native Americans to the frequent references in popular and pedagogical texts to Morocco the Intelligent Horse, Fudge gives a new and vital context to the human perception of animals in this period. At the same time, she challenges overly simplistic notions about early modern attitudes to animals and about the impact of those attitudes on modern culture.
Rational Animals
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Author : Susan Hurley
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2006
Rational Animals written by Susan Hurley and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Science categories.
To what extent can animal behaviour be described as rational? What does it even mean to describe behaviour as rational? This book focuses on one of the major debates in science today - how closely does mental processing in animals resemble mental processing in humans. It addresses the question of whether and to what extent non-human animals are rational, that is, whether any animal behaviour can be regarded as the result of a rational thought processes. It does this with attention to three key questions, which recur throughout the book and which have both empirical and philosophical aspects: What kinds of behavioural tasks can animals successfully perform? What if any mental processes must be postulated to explain their performance at these tasks? What properties must processes have to count as rational? The book is distinctive in pursuing these questions not only in relation to our closest relatives, the primates, whose intelligence usually gets the most attention, but also in relation to birds and dolphins, where striking results are also being obtained. Some chapters focus on a particular species. They describe some of the extraordinary and complex behaviour of these species - using tools in novel ways to solve foraging problems, for example, or behaving in novel ways to solve complex social problems - and ask whether such behaviour should be explained in rational or merely mechanistic terms. Other chapters address more theoretical issues and ask,for example, what it means for behaviour to be rational, and whether rationality can be understood in the absence of language. The book includes many of the world's leading figures doing empirical work on rationality in primates, dolphins, and birds, as well as distinguished philosophers of mind and science. The book includes an editors' introduction which summarises the philosophical and empirical work presented, and draws together the issues discussed by the contributors.
Animal Rationality
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Author : Anselm Oelze
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Animal Rationality written by Anselm Oelze and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Animal intelligence categories.
In Animal Rationality: Later Medieval Theories 1250-1350, Anselm Oelze offers the first comprehensive and systematic exploration of theories of animal rationality in the later Middle Ages. Traditionally, it was held that medieval thinkers ascribed rationality to humans while denying it to nonhuman animals. As Oelze shows, this narrative fails to capture the depth and diversity of the medieval debate. Although many thinkers, from Albert the Great to John Buridan, did indeed hold that nonhuman animals lack rational faculties, some granted them the ability to engage in certain rational processes such as judging, reasoning, or employing prudence. There is thus a whole spectrum of positions to be discovered, many of which show interesting parallels with contemporary theories of animal rationality.
The Rational Animal
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Author : Douglas T Kenrick
language : en
Publisher: Hachette UK
Release Date : 2013-09-10
The Rational Animal written by Douglas T Kenrick and has been published by Hachette UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-10 with Psychology categories.
Why do three out of four professional football players go bankrupt? How can illiterate jungle dwellers pass a test that tricks Harvard philosophers? And why do billionaires work so hard -- only to give their hard-earned money away? When it comes to making decisions, the classic view is that humans are eminently rational. But growing evidence suggests instead that our choices are often irrational, biased, and occasionally even moronic. Which view is right -- or is there another possibility? In this animated tour of the inner workings of the mind, psychologist Douglas T. Kenrick and business professor Vladas Griskevicius challenge the prevailing views of decision making, and present a new alternative grounded in evolutionary science. By connecting our modern behaviors to their ancestral roots, they reveal that underneath our seemingly foolish tendencies is an exceptionally wise system of decision making. From investing money to choosing a job, from buying a car to choosing a romantic partner, our choices are driven by deep-seated evolutionary goals. Because each of us has multiple evolutionary goals, though, new research reveals something radical -- there's more than one "you" making decisions. Although it feels as if there is just one single "self" inside your head, your mind actually contains several different subselves, each one steering you in a different direction when it takes its turn at the controls. The Rational Animal will transform the way you think about decision making. And along the way, you'll discover the intimate connections between ovulating strippers, Wall Street financiers, testosterone-crazed skateboarders, Steve Jobs, Elvis Presley, and you.
Dependent Rational Animals
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Author : Alasdair C. MacIntyre
language : en
Publisher: Open Court Publishing
Release Date : 1999
Dependent Rational Animals written by Alasdair C. MacIntyre and has been published by Open Court Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Philosophy categories.
In Dependent Rational Animals, Alasdair MacIntyre compares humans to other intelligent animals, ultimately drawing remarkable conclusions about human social life and our treatment of those whom he argues we should no longer call "disabled." MacIntyre argues that human beings are independent, practical reasoners, but they are also dependent animals who must learn from each other in order to remain largely independent. To flourish, humans must acknowledge the importance of dependence and independence, both of which are developed in and through social relationships. This requires the development of a local community in which individuals discover their own "goods" through the discovery of a common Good.
Rational Animals
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Author : Mark Okrent
language : en
Publisher: Ohio University Press
Release Date : 2007
Rational Animals written by Mark Okrent and has been published by Ohio University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Philosophy categories.
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Animal Minds And Human Morals
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Author : Richard Sorabji
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2018-05-31
Animal Minds And Human Morals written by Richard Sorabji and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-31 with Philosophy categories.
"They don't have syntax, so we can eat them." According to Richard Sorabji, this conclusion attributed to the Stoic philosophers was based on Aristotle's argument that animals lack reason. In his fascinating, deeply learned book, Sorabji traces the roots of our thinking about animals back to Aristotelian and Stoic beliefs. Charting a recurrent theme in ancient philosophy of mind, he shows that today's controversies about animal rights represent only the most recent chapter in millennia-old debates. Sorabji surveys a vast range of Greek philosophical texts and considers how classical discussions of animals' capacities intersect with central questions, not only in ethics but in the definition of human rationality as well: the nature of concepts; how perceptions differ from beliefs; how memory, intention, and emotion relate to reason; and to what extent speech, skills, and inference can serve as proofs of reason. Focusing on the significance of ritual sacrifice and the eating of meat, he explores religious contexts of the treatment of animals in ancient Greece and in medieval Western Christendom. He also looks closely at the contemporary defenses of animal rights offered by Peter Singer, Tom Regan, and Mary Midgley. Animal Minds and Human Morals sheds new light on traditional arguments surrounding the status of animals while pointing beyond them to current moral dilemmas. It will be crucial reading for scholars and students in the fields of ancient philosophy, ethics, history of philosophy, classics, and medieval studies, and for everyone seriously concerned about our relationship with other species. A Townsend Lecture Book
Rational Animals Irrational Humans
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Author : 茂·渡辺
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Rational Animals Irrational Humans written by 茂·渡辺 and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Animal intelligence categories.
Man The Rational Animal
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Author : Edo Pivcevic
language : en
Publisher: UPA
Release Date : 2016-06-02
Man The Rational Animal written by Edo Pivcevic and has been published by UPA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-02 with Philosophy categories.
We share the capacity for knowledge with animals, but it is the nature and the scope of what we may rationally believe that makes us human. Yet what kind of beliefs do qualify as ‘rational’? This challenging and refreshingly innovative book addresses certain fundamental questions concerning rational legitimacy of some widely held beliefs and provides argument-based answers to such questions, while at the same time encouraging the reader to actively engage with the views put forward and form his/her own judgement. The book is typically discursive rather than simply informative, and introduces philosophy by doing it.
Animal Rationality
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Author : Anselm Oelze
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2018-03-20
Animal Rationality written by Anselm Oelze and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-20 with History categories.
In Animal Rationality: Later Medieval Theories 1250-1350, Anselm Oelze offers the first comprehensive and systematic exploration of theories of animal rationality in the later Middle Ages.