Antarctic Ocean And Resources Variability
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Antarctic Ocean And Resources Variability
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Author : Dietrich Sahrhage
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Antarctic Ocean And Resources Variability written by Dietrich Sahrhage and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
During the intensification of research activities in the Southern Ocean in recent years, both at national levels and through international cooperation in such projects as BIOMASS with its FIBEX and SIBEX phases, the need was felt increasingly for closer collaboration between biologists, meteorologists, and oceanographers in the study of the interaction between the atmospheric forces, the water masses, and the living resources. Better knowledge in this regard is not only of scientific interest but also of practical importance, especially for the management of the resources and the protection of the Antarctic marine ecosystem. As a follow-up on a recommendation by the IOC Program Group for the Southern Oceans made in March 1983, the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission organized a meeting of experts on oceanography related to the dynamics of the Antarctic ecosystems. During this meeting, held in Kiel, Federal Republic of Ger many, in May 1984, biologists and oceanographers involved in BIOMASS activities met with the oceanographers of SCOR Working Group 74 to discuss ways and means for additional physical and chemical observations in the oceanographic research within BIOMASS. It was the time when large fluctuations in the distribution of krill with subsequent detrimental effects on predator species dependent on krill had just been observed, and the question arose whether this was possibly the result of changes in the Antarctic water circulation.
Antarctic Ocean And Resources Variability
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Author : Dietrich Sahrhage
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988-12-16
Antarctic Ocean And Resources Variability written by Dietrich Sahrhage and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988-12-16 with categories.
The subject of the book, considering the study of the interactions between atmospheric forces, water masses, and living resources in the Southern Oceans, is not only of scientific interest but also of practical importance, especially for the management of the resources and the protection of the Antarctic marine ecosystem. What is known on the variability in the Antarctic ocean circulation and what are possible causes for such variations? To what extent and how does this variability influence primary productivity, zooplankton, and in particular, the distribution and abundance of krill? What are the subsequent effects on krill predators, such as seals, penguins, fishes and squid? The book reviews present knowledge and encourages further work in this field.
Antarctic Environments And Resources
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Author : J.D. Hansom
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-06-03
Antarctic Environments And Resources written by J.D. Hansom and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-03 with Science categories.
Antarctica is no longer a 'pole apart'. From a scientific perspective, the Antarctic ice sheet, ocean and climate systems are intimately linked with the global climate and are now seen to be of international significance for understanding climate change. From an economic perspective, the Antarctic is perceived to have great potential as a source of marine resources although the extent of speculated mineral and hydrocarbon resources is unknown. From a conservation perspective, the continent of Antarctica represents the ideal image of unspoiled wilderness. Antarctic Environments and Resources is an accessible and timely new geography of the Antarctic which examines the differing and sometimes conflicting interests in the great southern continent, the Southern Ocean and the subantarctic islands against a background of the physical and natural systems of the region and their interactions. It charts the development of human involvement in the area, focusing on the exploitation of resources from early sealing to modern fisheries, tourism and science, and it assesses the consequent impacts on the natural environment. The text also reviews the emerging framework for future environmental management developed under the Antarctic Treaty System. This is an ideal text for undergraduates studying glacial geomorphology, environmental management, polar regions and the Antarctic.
The Impact Of Environmental Variability On Ecological Systems
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Author : D.A. Vasseur
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-05-08
The Impact Of Environmental Variability On Ecological Systems written by D.A. Vasseur and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-08 with Science categories.
Fluctuations in the environmental conditions impacting life are ubiquitous. These fluctuations induce changes in the vital processes occurring within individual organisms (such as cellular metabolism) and the ecological processes occurring among individuals (such as competition, mutualism, and predation), ultimately leading to observable fluctuations in the commonly measured characteristics of ecological systems. From a very simple perspective, these processes are all modulators of environmental variability. We might best be able to understand the final form of this modulation – the impact of environmental variability on ecological systems - by building from an understanding of the responses of these life processes in isolation to an understanding of their responses in harmony. The impact of environmental variability on ecological systems is an issue that has been at the forefront of ecological research for many years. Research is taking place on many fronts, including theoretical mathematical based analyses, natural ecosystem observation and experimentation. This book brings together contributions from these three fronts to provide readers with a comprehensive look at the challenges for ecological systems and ecological research alike.
Southern Ocean Ecology
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Author : Sayed Z. El-Sayed
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1994-02-24
Southern Ocean Ecology written by Sayed Z. El-Sayed and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-02-24 with Nature categories.
BIOMASS (Biological Investigations of Marine Antarctic Systems and Stocks) was a unique, large-scale, long-term, international research programme established in 1977 to investigate the ecology of the Southern Ocean. Its main aim was to gain a greater understanding of the biological systems and stocks in the marine Antarctic environment, thereby providing a sound basis for the future management of the living resources within this immense ocean. The programme was drawn to a close in 1991 and its completion marked by a colloquium which brought together key researchers to summarise and review the results obtained. This volume, arising from that colloquium, provides a succinct, state-of-the-art account of the ecology of the Southern Ocean and serves as a comprehensive record of this unique and successful international project.
Antarctic Communities
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Author : Bruno Battaglia
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1997-08-28
Antarctic Communities written by Bruno Battaglia and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-08-28 with Nature categories.
The study of Antarctic communities can provide a valuable step forward in investigating the control of community development, the utilization of habitats and the interaction among species in both species rich and species poor communities. This book contains chapters characterizing the present approaches to both aquatic and terrestrial communities in the Antarctic. From biodiversity to trophic flows, from ecophysiological strategies to the impacts of environmental change and the effects of human disturbance, this volume provides an up to the minute overview of community studies in an area covering ten percent of the Earth's surface.
Marine Ecosystem Assessment For The Southern Ocean Meeting The Challenge For Conserving Earth Ecosystems In The Long Term
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Author : Monica M. C. Muelbert
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2024-12-24
Marine Ecosystem Assessment For The Southern Ocean Meeting The Challenge For Conserving Earth Ecosystems In The Long Term written by Monica M. C. Muelbert and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-12-24 with Science categories.
National and international agencies need assessments of change in ecosystems and their drivers in order to sustain natural systems, to maintain the delivery of services, and to meet the challenge for conserving Earth ecosystems in the long term. In marine systems, change may arise directly from human activities (e.g. fisheries), indirectly from local or global activities (cascading effects through food webs from fisheries or changing environments from climate change and/or ocean acidification), or from naturally varying processes. A particular challenge for managers is to identify how dangerous future climate change will be for ecosystems and their services and whether mitigation or adaptation may be needed, in advance, in order to achieve the conservation requirements. For regions of international attention, particularly those that have the attention of many management or policy-oriented bodies, a standardized process is needed to harmonize the scientific information on the status and trends in ecosystems used by the different bodies. That process also needs to ensure the information is available in a timely manner. For example, assessments of change in habitats, species and/or food webs in the Southern Ocean are currently compiled separately for at least ten different international organizations or processes. A Marine Ecosystem Assessment for the Southern Ocean (MEASO) aims to harmonize that information for policy-makers. This assessment began with an international conference in April 2018 (http://www.measo2018.aq/), where it was agreed to undertake the first MEASO over 2018-2019 with the view to provide the outcomes to relevant bodies, such as the Scientific Committee for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources, soon after.
Top Predators In Marine Ecosystems
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Author : C. J. Camphuysen
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2006-05-11
Top Predators In Marine Ecosystems written by C. J. Camphuysen and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-05-11 with Science categories.
Seals, seabirds, whales and dolphins are at the top of marine food chains: studying their ecology can help identify and monitor changes in wider marine ecosystems. This book examines our current understanding of marine predator ecology and investigates how it can be used in management and conservation of marine habitats.
Microbiology Of The Rapidly Changing Polar Environments
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Author : Julie Dinasquet
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2018-07-05
Microbiology Of The Rapidly Changing Polar Environments written by Julie Dinasquet and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-05 with categories.
Marine and freshwater polar environments are characterized by intense physical forces and strong seasonal variations. The persistent cold and sometimes inhospitable conditions create unique ecosystems and habitats for microbial life. Polar microbial communities are diverse productive assemblages, which drive biogeochemical cycles and support higher food-webs across the Arctic and over much of the Antarctic. Recent studies on the biogeography of microbial species have revealed phylogenetically diverse polar ecotypes, suggesting adaptation to seasonal darkness, sea-ice coverage and high summer irradiance. Because of the diversity of habitats related to atmospheric and oceanic circulation, and the formation and melting of ice, high latitude oceans and lakes are ideal environments to investigate composition and functionality of microbial communities. In addition, polar regions are responding more dramatically to climate change compared to temperate environments and there is an urgent need to identify sensitive indicators of ecosystem history, that may be sentinels for change or adaptation. For instance, Antarctic lakes provide useful model systems to study microbial evolution and climate history. Hence, it becomes essential and timely to better understand factors controlling the microbes, and how, in turn, they may affect the functioning of these fragile ecosystems. Polar microbiology is an expanding field of research with exciting possibilities to provide new insights into microbial ecology and evolution. With this Research Topic we seek to bring together polar microbiologists studying different aquatic systems and components of the microbial food web, to stimulate discussion and reflect on these sensitive environments in a changing world perspective.
Antarctic Ecosystems
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Author : Alex D. Rogers
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2012-02-28
Antarctic Ecosystems written by Alex D. Rogers and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-28 with Science categories.
Since its discovery Antarctica has held a deep fascination for biologists. Extreme environmental conditions, seasonality and isolation have lead to some of the most striking examples of natural selection and adaptation on Earth. Paradoxically, some of these adaptations may pose constraints on the ability of the Antarctic biota to respond to climate change. Parts of Antarctica are showing some of the largest changes in temperature and other environmental conditions in the world. In this volume, published in association with the Royal Society, leading polar scientists present a synthesis of the latest research on the biological systems in Antarctica, covering organisms from microbes to vertebrate higher predators. This book comes at a time when new technologies and approaches allow the implications of climate change and other direct human impacts on Antarctica to be viewed at a range of scales; across entire regions, whole ecosystems and down to the level of species and variation within their genomes. Chapters address both Antarctic terrestrial and marine ecosystems, and the scientific and management challenges of the future are explored.