Anthropic Bias

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Anthropic Bias

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Author : Nick Bostrom
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-10-11

Anthropic Bias written by Nick Bostrom and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-11 with Philosophy categories.

Anthropic Bias explores how to reason when you suspect that your evidence is biased by "observation selection effects"--that is, evidence that has been filtered by the precondition that there be some suitably positioned observer to "have" the evidence. This conundrum--sometimes alluded to as "the anthropic principle," "self-locating belief," or "indexical information"--turns out to be a surprisingly perplexing and intellectually stimulating challenge, one abounding with important implications for many areas in science and philosophy. There are the philosophical thought experiments and paradoxes: the Doomsday Argument; Sleeping Beauty; the Presumptuous Philosopher; Adam & Eve; the Absent-Minded Driver; the Shooting Room. And there are the applications in contemporary science: cosmology ("How many universes are there?", "Why does the universe appear fine-tuned for life?"); evolutionary theory ("How improbable was the evolution of intelligent life on our planet?"); the problem of time's arrow ("Can it be given a thermodynamic explanation?"); quantum physics ("How can the many-worlds theory be tested?"); game-theory problems with imperfect recall ("How to model them?"); even traffic analysis ("Why is the 'next lane' faster?"). Anthropic Bias argues that the same principles are at work across all these domains. And it offers a synthesis: a mathematically explicit theory of observation selection effects that attempts to meet scientific needs while steering clear of philosophical paradox.

Anthropic Bias

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Author : Nick Bostrom
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-10-11

Anthropic Bias written by Nick Bostrom and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-11 with Philosophy categories.

Anthropic Bias explores how to reason when you suspect that your evidence is biased by "observation selection effects"--that is, evidence that has been filtered by the precondition that there be some suitably positioned observer to "have" the evidence. This conundrum--sometimes alluded to as "the anthropic principle," "self-locating belief," or "indexical information"--turns out to be a surprisingly perplexing and intellectually stimulating challenge, one abounding with important implications for many areas in science and philosophy. There are the philosophical thought experiments and paradoxes: the Doomsday Argument; Sleeping Beauty; the Presumptuous Philosopher; Adam & Eve; the Absent-Minded Driver; the Shooting Room. And there are the applications in contemporary science: cosmology ("How many universes are there?", "Why does the universe appear fine-tuned for life?"); evolutionary theory ("How improbable was the evolution of intelligent life on our planet?"); the problem of time's arrow ("Can it be given a thermodynamic explanation?"); quantum physics ("How can the many-worlds theory be tested?"); game-theory problems with imperfect recall ("How to model them?"); even traffic analysis ("Why is the 'next lane' faster?"). Anthropic Bias argues that the same principles are at work across all these domains. And it offers a synthesis: a mathematically explicit theory of observation selection effects that attempts to meet scientific needs while steering clear of philosophical paradox.

Anthropic Bias

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Author : Nick Bostrom
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2002

Anthropic Bias written by Nick Bostrom and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Education categories.

Anthropic Bias explores how to reason when you suspect that your evidence is biased by "observation selection effects"--that is, evidence that has been filtered by the precondition that there be some suitably positioned observer to "have" the evidence. This conundrum--sometimes alluded to as "the anthropic principle," "self-locating belief," or "indexical information"--turns out to be a surprisingly perplexing and intellectually stimulating challenge, one abounding with important implications for many areas in science and philosophy. There are the philosophical thought experiments and paradoxes: the Doomsday Argument; Sleeping Beauty; the Presumptuous Philosopher; Adam & Eve; the Absent-Minded Driver; the Shooting Room. And there are the applications in contemporary science: cosmology ("How many universes are there?", "Why does the universe appear fine-tuned for life?"); evolutionary theory ("How improbable was the evolution of intelligent life on our planet?"); the problem of time's arrow ("Can it be given a thermodynamic explanation?"); quantum physics ("How can the many-worlds theory be tested?"); game-theory problems with imperfect recall ("How to model them?"); even traffic analysis ("Why is the 'next lane' faster?"). Anthropic Bias argues that the same principles are at work across all these domains. And it offers a synthesis: a mathematically explicit theory of observation selection effects that attempts to meet scientific needs while steering clear of philosophical paradox.

Anthropic Bias

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Author : Nick Bostrom
language : en
Publisher: Studies in Philosophy
Release Date : 2010

Anthropic Bias written by Nick Bostrom and has been published by Studies in Philosophy this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Anthropic principle categories.

Anthropic Bias explores how to reason when you suspect that your evidence is biased by "observation selection effects"--that is, evidence that has been filtered by the precondition that there be some suitably positioned observer to "have" the evidence. This conundrum--sometimes alluded to as "the anthropic principle," "self-locating belief," or "indexical information"--turns out to be a surprisingly perplexing and intellectually stimulating challenge, one abounding with important implications for many areas in science and philosophy. There are the philosophical thought experiments and paradoxes: the Doomsday Argument; Sleeping Beauty; the Presumptuous Philosopher; Adam & Eve; the Absent-Minded Driver; the Shooting Room. And there are the applications in contemporary science: cosmology ("How many universes are there?", "Why does the universe appear fine-tuned for life?"); evolutionary theory ("How improbable was the evolution of intelligent life on our planet?"); the problem of time's arrow ("Can it be given a thermodynamic explanation?"); quantum physics ("How can the many-worlds theory be tested?"); game-theory problems with imperfect recall ("How to model them?"); even traffic analysis ("Why is the 'next lane' faster?"). Anthropic Bias argues that the same principles are at work across all these domains. And it offers a synthesis: a mathematically explicit theory of observation selection effects that attempts to meet scientific needs while steering clear of philosophical paradox.

Global Catastrophic Risks

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Author : Nick Bostrom
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2011-09-29

Global Catastrophic Risks written by Nick Bostrom and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-29 with Mathematics categories.

A Global Catastrophic Risk is one that has the potential to inflict serious damage to human well-being on a global scale. This book focuses on such risks arising from natural catastrophes (Earth-based or beyond), nuclear war, terrorism, biological weapons, totalitarianism, advanced nanotechnology, artificial intelligence and social collapse.

Artificial Intelligence Ethics And The Future Of Warfare

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Author : Kaushik Roy
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2024-05-23

Artificial Intelligence Ethics And The Future Of Warfare written by Kaushik Roy and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-05-23 with Computers categories.

This volume examines how the adoption of AI technologies is likely to impact strategic and operational planning, and the possible future tactical scenarios for conventional, unconventional, cyber, space and nuclear force structures. In addition to developments in the USA, Britain, Russia and China, the volume also explores how different Asian and European countries are actively integrating AI into their military readiness. It studies the effect of AI and related technologies in training regimens and command structures. The book also covers the ethical and legal aspects of AI augmented warfare. The volume will be of great interest to scholars, students and researchers of military and strategic studies, defence studies, artificial intelligence and ethics.

Human Enhancement

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Author : Julian Savulescu
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2009-01-22

Human Enhancement written by Julian Savulescu and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-22 with Philosophy categories.

To what extent should we use technology to try to make better human beings? Because of the remarkable advances in biomedical science, we must now find an answer to this question. Human enhancement aims to increase human capacities above normal levels. Many forms of human enhancement are already in use. Many students and academics take cognition enhancing drugs to get a competitive edge. Some top athletes boost their performance with legal and illegal substances. Many an office worker begins each day with a dose of caffeine. This is only the beginning. As science and technology advance further, it will become increasingly possible to enhance basic human capacities to increase or modulate cognition, mood, personality, and physical performance, and to control the biological processes underlying normal aging. Some have suggested that such advances would take us beyond the bounds of human nature. These trends, and these dramatic prospects, raise profound ethical questions. They have generated intense public debate and have become a central topic of discussion within practical ethics. Should we side with bioconservatives, and forgo the use of any biomedical interventions aimed at enhancing human capacities? Should we side with transhumanists and embrace the new opportunities? Or should we perhaps plot some middle course? Human Enhancement presents the latest moves in this crucial debate: original contributions from many of the world's leading ethicists and moral thinkers, representing a wide range of perspectives, advocates and sceptics, enthusiasts and moderates. These are the arguments that will determine how humanity develops in the near future.

The Biased Brain

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Author : Bo Bennett, PhD
language : en
Publisher: eBookIt.com
Release Date : 2023

The Biased Brain written by Bo Bennett, PhD and has been published by eBookIt.com this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with Psychology categories.

Unravel the Secrets of Your Mind: A Journey into Cognitive Biases Step into the intriguing world of cognitive biases with this comprehensive guide that promises to transform the way you perceive yourself and others. Packed with fascinating insights, this book unveils the subtle but powerful ways our minds shape our understanding of reality. In The Biased Brain, you will delve deep into the heart of human cognition and discover hundreds of cognitive biases that influence our decisions. Written by an expert in the field, this book is a powerful tool that will enable you to navigate your life with enhanced understanding and control. Nearly 500 pages packed with well-researched, engaging content that will draw you into the labyrinth of the human mind. You will explore concepts that will make you question your assumptions and provoke you to think critically about your thought processes. This book doesn't just offer theoretical knowledge; it also provides practical solutions to identify and overcome your biases. It doesn't matter whether you're a student of psychology, a curious observer of human behavior, or someone who's simply looking to better understand their own mind--this book has something for everyone. In fact, it might just be the most insightful book you will read this year. Are you ready to challenge your perceptions and unveil the biases hiding in plain sight? This book is your map to understanding the complex landscape of human cognition. So, why wait? Start your journey now and transform the way you see yourself and the world. Grab your copy of The Biased Brain today and embark on an enlightening journey into the human mind.

Science Fictions

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Author : Stuart Ritchie
language : en
Publisher: Random House
Release Date : 2020-07-16

Science Fictions written by Stuart Ritchie and has been published by Random House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-16 with Science categories.

'Required reading for everyone' Adam Rutherford Shortlisted for the Royal Society Science Book Prize 2021 Medicine, education, psychology, economics - wherever it really matters, we look to science for guidance. But what if science itself can't always be relied on? In this vital investigation, Stuart Ritchie reveals the disturbing flaws in today's science that undermine our understanding of the world and threaten human lives. With bias, careless mistakes and even outright forgery influencing everything from austerity economics to the anti-vaccination movement, he proposes vital remedies to save and protect science - this most valuable of human endeavours - from itself. * With a new afterword by the author * 'Thrilling... Reminds us that another world is possible' The Times, Books of the Year 'Excellent... We need better science. That's why books like this are so important' Evening Standard

Superintelligence

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Author : Nick Bostrom
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2014

Superintelligence written by Nick Bostrom and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Computers categories.

This profoundly ambitious and original book picks its way carefully through a vast tract of forbiddingly difficult intellectual terrain.