Antibody Evolution And Repertoire Development
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Antibody Evolution And Repertoire Development
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Author : Johan Lantto
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Antibody Evolution And Repertoire Development written by Johan Lantto and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
The Evolution And Development Of The Antibody Repertoire
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Author : Harry W. Schroeder Jr.
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2015-05-26
The Evolution And Development Of The Antibody Repertoire written by Harry W. Schroeder Jr. and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-26 with Antigen-antibody reactions categories.
Although at first glance mechanisms used to create the variable domains of immunoglobulin appear to be designed to generate diversity at random, closer inspection reveals striking evolutionary constraints on the sequence and structure of these antigen receptors, suggesting that natural selection is operating to create a repertoire that anticipates or is biased towards recognition of specific antigenic properties. This Research Topics issue will be devoted to an examination of the evolution of antigen receptor sequence at the germline level, an evaluation of the repertoire in B cells from fish, pigs and human, an introduction into bioinformatics approaches to the evaluation and analysis of the repertoire as ascertained by high throughput sequencing, and a discussion of how study of the normal repertoire informs the construction or selection of in vitro antibodies for applied purposes.
Decoding The Antibody Repertoire
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Author : Brandon DeKosky
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-05-29
Decoding The Antibody Repertoire written by Brandon DeKosky and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-29 with Medical categories.
This thesis outlines the development of the very first technology for high-throughput analysis of paired heavy and light-chain antibody sequences, opening an entirely new window for antibody discovery and the investigation of adaptive immune responses to vaccines and diseases. Previous methods for high-throughput immune repertoire sequencing have been unable to provide information on the identity of immune receptor pairs encoded by individual B or T lymphocytes. The author directly addresses these limitations by designing two new technologies for sequencing multiple mRNA transcripts from up to 10 million isolated, single cells. The techniques developed in this work have enabled comprehensive interrogation of human B-cell repertoires and have been applied for rapid discovery of new human antibodies, to gain new insights into the development of human antibody repertoires, and for analysis of human immune responses to vaccination and disease.
Comparative Immunoglobulin Genetics
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Author : Azad K. Kaushik
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-05-01
Comparative Immunoglobulin Genetics written by Azad K. Kaushik and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-01 with Medical categories.
This contemporary book covers significant new knowledge that has emerged during the last two decades and, thus, provides novel antibody phylogenetic perspectives relevant to development of new antibody-based therapeutics and vaccines. It fills a much-needed niche in the area of immunoglobulin genetics across species from a comparative perspective. New insights and perspectives from immunoglobulin genetics from species such as sea lamprey, cattle, marsupial, bat, rat, rabbit, and swine—other species than the traditional subjects of mice and humans—are relevant to antibody design and engineering. These new perspectives find direct application in the cutting-edge areas of antibody design, engineering and therapeutics, antibody-drug conjugates, and novel antibody-based vaccines. This book fills the need to provide updated knowledge of this newly exploded area that is finding applications in new drug development. No other competing books on the topic are available in the market. The book will be of great interest to immunologists, immunology researchers, immunogeneticists, researchers in pharmaceutical science, those involved in the infectious disease and antibody therapeutics areas, and many others.
Diversification And Selection Of Immunoglobulin Repertoires
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Author : Debra J. Decker
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Diversification And Selection Of Immunoglobulin Repertoires written by Debra J. Decker and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Antibody diversity categories.
The immunoglobulin repertoire consists of the total pool of antibody specificities produced by all B cells capable of immunoglobulin synthesis as the result of a complex series of diversification and selection mechanisms. This population of antibody molecules must allow for sufficient protection against potential pathogens while tolerating the molecules of an individual's own tissues. The evolutionary answer to this challenge is the development of an antibody repertoire consisting of several tiers of divesification, with each tier aimed at addressing a particular evolutionary concern. The reproducible generation of evolutionarily crucial antibody specificities is ensured through the generation of a restricted set of specificities. The molecular basis for the generation of the restricted tier resides in the pre-B cell stage of development wherein gene segment recombination through a novel gene segment rearrangement intermediate complements the restricted pool of specificities generated by recombination deplete of N nucleotide addition. Protection against the widest possible spectrum of novel pathogens also results from pre-B cell developmental processes through the generation of an extremely diverse repertoire of antibody molecules. Refinement of the antibody specificities generated by both the evolutionarily restricted and maximally diversified tiers is provided through a third tier of diversification capable of somatic hypermutation and selection for antibody molecules with increased affinity to previously encountered antigenes. This third tier appears to be relegated to the development of memory B cell progenitors in response to antigenic stimulation. Both positive and negative selection processes mediate contributions from each tier of diversification and allow for the generation of an immunoglobulin repertoire capable of tolerating the molecules of an individual's own tissues while providing sufficient protection against invasion by potential pathogens.
The Challenges Of Modelling Antibody Repertoire Dynamics In Hiv Infection
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
The Challenges Of Modelling Antibody Repertoire Dynamics In Hiv Infection written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Antibody affinity maturation by somatic hypermutation of B-cell immunoglobulin variable region genes has been studied for decades in various model systems using well-defined antigens. While much is known about the molecular details of the process, our understanding of the selective forces that generate affinity maturation are less well developed, particularly in the case of a co-evolving pathogen such as HIV. Despite this gap in understanding, high-throughput antibody sequence data are increasingly being collected to investigate the evolutionary trajectories of antibody lineages in HIV-infected individuals. Here, we review what is known in controlled experimental systems about the mechanisms underlying antibody selection and compare this to the observed temporal patterns of antibody evolution in HIV infection. In addition, we describe how our current understanding of antibody selection mechanisms leaves questions about antibody dynamics in HIV infection unanswered. Without a mechanistic understanding of antibody selection in the context of a co-evolving viral population, modelling and analysis of antibody sequences in HIV-infected individuals will be limited in their interpretation and predictive ability.
Development Of The Primary Antibody Repertoire
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Author : Ivaylo Ivanov Ivanov
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Development Of The Primary Antibody Repertoire written by Ivaylo Ivanov Ivanov and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
Decoding The Antibody Repertoire
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Author : Brandon James DeKosky
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Decoding The Antibody Repertoire written by Brandon James DeKosky and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Next-generation (high throughput) DNA sequencing of immunoglobulin variable region and T-cell receptor gene repertoires is providing critical information for understanding adaptive immune responses and for diagnostic and therapeutic applications1−4. However, existing immune repertoire sequencing technologies yield data on only one of the two chains of immune receptors and thus cannot provide information on the identity of immune receptor pairs encoded by individual B or T lymphocytes5−7. This work directly addressed these limitations by developing two new technologies for sequencing the complementary DNA (cDNA) of multiple mRNA transcripts from isolated single cells with very high throughput. In these methods, cells are sequestered into individual compartments and lysed in situ to capture single-cell mRNA onto magnetic beads, then the magnetic beads are used as template for RT-PCR reactions inside emulsion droplets that physically link cDNA of multiple transcripts for subsequent analysis by high-throughput DNA sequencing. Experimental throughput of over 2x106 cells in a single day with antibody heavy and light chain pairing accuracy greater than 97% was demonstrated with in vitro expanded human B cells. These new single-cell sequencing technologies were also applied for rapid discovery of new human antibodies and for analysis of the human immune response to vaccination. Finally we applied the techniques developed here to gain new insights regarding development of the antibody repertoire through high-throughput and high-resolution examination of naïve and memory B-cell compartments in healthy human donors.
Global Survey Of The Immunoglobulin Repertoire Using Next Generation Sequencing Technology
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Author : Kam Hon Hoi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Global Survey Of The Immunoglobulin Repertoire Using Next Generation Sequencing Technology written by Kam Hon Hoi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Specific and sensitive recognition of foreign agents is a critical attribute of the overall effective immune system required for maintaining host protection against challenge from pathogenic cells. In the humoral arm of the immune system, this recognition attribute is carried out by the cell surface bound immunoglobulin-like receptors (BCR) and its soluble forms i.e. antibodies. Over several million years of evolution, the immune system has adopted several strategies for diversifying the antibody sequence and thus its ability to recognize an astronomical variety of molecules through the combinatorial assembly of a small number of DNA segments or genes. Among these immunoglobulin gene diversification strategies, antibody somatic VDJ recombination and junctional diversity are the fundamental mechanisms in generating a broad range of antibody specificities. Understanding how the genetic diversity of antibodies is affected in health and disease is critical for a wide range of medical applications, from vaccine evaluation to diagnostics and therapeutics discovery. Because of the very large number of distinct antibodies encoded by the more than 100 billion B cells in humans, it is essential to use high throughput next generation sequencing technologies in order to obtain an adequate sampling of the sequences and relative abundance of different antibodies expressed by B cells in clinical samples. The process requires rigorous methods for first, experimentally determining the sequences of antibodies in a sample and for second, informatics tools designed for distilling this information for practical purposes. This dissertation describes a variety of experimental approaches and informatics tools developed for the determination and mining of the antibody repertoire. The information from this work has led to major conclusions regarding the nature of the antibody repertoire in healthy individuals, in volunteers following vaccination, and in HIV-1 patients.
Next Generation Sequencing Of Human Antibody Repertoires For Exploring B Cell Landscape Antibody Discovery And Vaccine Development
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Author : Jacob Glanville
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-08-21
Next Generation Sequencing Of Human Antibody Repertoires For Exploring B Cell Landscape Antibody Discovery And Vaccine Development written by Jacob Glanville and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-21 with categories.
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