Applying Meta Ecosystem Theory To Heterogeneous Marine Systems
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Applying Meta Ecosystem Theory To Heterogeneous Marine Systems
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Author : Tianna Peller
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Applying Meta Ecosystem Theory To Heterogeneous Marine Systems written by Tianna Peller and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
"Spatial flows of living organisms and non-living resources coupling ecosystems are ubiquitous in nature. Meta-ecosystem theory has begun to provide a mechanistic understanding of the significance of ecosystem couplings for trophic regulation, coexistence, and the functions of ecosystems. However, meta-ecosystem theory has remained difficult to apply to natural systems as it largely overlooks characteristics of meta-ecosystems observed in nature, including ecosystem diversity, spatial flows via mobile organisms, and the potential for different forms of spatial flows to couple ecosystems across distinct spatial scales. In this thesis, I integrate these characteristics of natural meta-ecosystems into meta-ecosystem theory with the aims of: 1) improving our understanding of the significance of ecosystem couplings for trophic regulation, coexistence, and ecosystem functions, and 2) making meta-ecosystem theory more applicable to natural systems. I focus specifically on coastal marine systems where metacommunity theory has been widely applied, but the application of meta-ecosystem theory has been limited despite abundant evidence of non-living resources coupling ecosystems. My general approach is to establish an empirical foundation for studying coastal marine meta-ecosystems and to ground meta-ecosystem models in this evidence to study their functioning. I first synthesize and analyze empirical evidence to establish general characteristics of resource flows coupling coastal marine ecosystems. The synthesis indicates resource flows commonly couple different types of coastal marine ecosystems across smaller spatial scales than larval dispersal of many species, and that resource flows can occur via passive processes and mobile organisms. Based on these empirical findings, the first meta-ecosystem model I develop exhibits two different ecosystems coupled by a mobile consumer that can feed and recycle nutrients in both ecosystems according to its traits. I predict nutrient recycling by mobile organisms can have spatially-heterogeneous effects on trophic regulation and impact coexistence of different mobile species. Species traits can modify the magnitude and direction of the regulatory effects and whether recycling promotes or hinders coexistence. For the second meta-ecosystem model, I examine contrasting characteristics of resource flows versus dispersal, including their spatial scale and the types of ecosystems they couple. I predict the contrasting characteristics can enable source-sink dynamics across ecosystem types. Source-sink dynamics can stabilize the meta-ecosystem and yield spatially-heterogeneous local trophic regulation and ecosystem functions, which scale up to impact meta-ecosystem function. Collectively, my thesis suggests ecosystem diversity, the traits of mobile organisms, and contrasting spatial scales of spatial flows are key properties of meta-ecosystems, driving their diversity of species, functions, and heterogeneous trophic regulation. My findings have important implications for approaches to designing protected area networks"--
Meta Ecosystem Dynamics
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Author : Frederic Guichard
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-09-25
Meta Ecosystem Dynamics written by Frederic Guichard and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-25 with Mathematics categories.
This book presents current meta-ecosystem models and their derivation from classical ecosystem and metapopulation theories. Specifically, it reviews recent modelling efforts that have emphasized the role of nonlinear dynamics on spatial and food web networks, and which have cast their implications within the context of spatial synchrony and ecological stoichiometry. It suggests that these recent advances naturally lead to a generalization of meta-ecosystem theories to spatial fluxes of matter that have both a trophic and non-trophic impact on species. Ecosystem dynamics refers to the cycling of matter and energy across ecological compartments through processes such as consumption and recycling. Spatial dynamics established its ecological roots with metapopulation theories and focuses on scaling up local ecological processes through the limited movement of individuals and matter. Over the last 15 years, theories integrating ecosystem and spatial dynamics have quickly coalesced into meta-ecosystem theories, the focus of this book. The book will be of interest to graduate students and researchers who wish to learn more about the synthesis of ecosystem and spatial dynamics, which form the foundation of the theory of meta-ecosystems.
Ecological Processes In Coastal And Marine Systems
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Author : R. J. Livingston
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2012-02-13
Ecological Processes In Coastal And Marine Systems written by R. J. Livingston and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-13 with Science categories.
This volume is based on the proceedings of a conference held at Florida State University in April, 1978. This conference was supported by the Florida State University Graduate Research Council, the Department of Biological Science (F. S. U. ), and the Center for Professional Development and Public Service. Particular recogni tion should be made of the efforts of Dr. Anne Thistle in the organization of the conference and the completion of this book. Julia K. White and Sheila Marrero produced the typescript. The principal objective of the conference was to assemble a group of marine scientists from diverse disciplines to discuss the state of marine ecology with particular attention to new research directions based on previous studies. Emphasis was placed on the integration of different research approaches and on the application of established procedures to various environmental problems. An effort was made to eliminate traditional disciplinary boundaries which often hinder our understanding of marine systems. There was generally wide latitude for review and speculation concerning such topics as physico-chemical processes, productivity and trophic interactions, population distribution and community structure, and natural or anthropogenic disturbance phenomena. Throughout, the usual miniaturization of the scope of discussion was subordinate to a frank appraisal of the present status of marine research. Although many introductory ecological texts stress the so called ecosystem approach, individual marine research projects seldom encompass this broad course. There is, in fact, a real need for system-wide studies at both the theoretical and applied levels.
Landscape Ecology In Theory And Practice
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Author : Monica G. Turner
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-10-29
Landscape Ecology In Theory And Practice written by Monica G. Turner and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-29 with Science categories.
This work provides in-depth analysis of the origins of landscape ecology and its close alignment with the understanding of scale, the causes of landscape pattern, and the interactions of spatial pattern with a variety of ecological processes. The text covers the quantitative approaches that are applied widely in landscape studies, with emphasis on their appropriate use and interpretation. The field of landscape ecology has grown rapidly during this period, its concepts and methods have matured, and the published literature has increased exponentially. Landscape research has enhanced understanding of the causes and consequences of spatial heterogeneity and how these vary with scale, and they have influenced the management of natural and human-dominated landscapes. Landscape ecology is now considered mainstream, and the approaches are widely used in many branches of ecology and are applied not only in terrestrial settings but also in aquatic and marine systems. In response to these rapid developments, an updated edition of Landscape Ecology in Theory and Practice provides a synthetic overview of landscape ecology, including its development, the methods and techniques that are employed, the major questions addressed, and the insights that have been gained.”
Metapopulation Dynamics Empirical And Theoretical Investigations
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Author : Michael Gilpin
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Metapopulation Dynamics Empirical And Theoretical Investigations written by Michael Gilpin and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Science categories.
Metapopulation Dynamics: Empirical and Theoretical Investigations covers the 1989 proceedings of a metapopulation dynamics workshop held at Lammi Biological Station, Helsinki, Finland. It is divided into 18 chapters that cover various approaches to spatially structured population and community dynamics. After briefly discussing the history of metapopulation ideas and the major conceptual links, the book covers types of studies that have been conducted on single-species and multispecies metapopulations. Then, it examines the relationships between metapopulation dynamics, the equilibrium theory of island biogeography, and the dynamics of populations living in patchy environments. It further tackles practical issues and the links between metapopulation dynamics and landscape ecology, and between metapopulation dynamics and conservation biology. Chapters 4 and 5 present structured models describing changes in the number of individuals within patches and an empirical evaluation of local extinction in metapopulation studies. The subsequent chapters discuss several aspects of metapopulation, including dispersal and connectivity, colonization, conspecific attraction, extinction and isolation, and forest fragmentation. The latter chapters describe the concept of habitat fragmentation, the diversity and competition in metapopulations, the community collapse, and the effects of metapopulation studies in predator-prey systems.
Seascape Ecology
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Author : Simon J. Pittman
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2017-10-09
Seascape Ecology written by Simon J. Pittman and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-09 with Science categories.
Seascape Ecology provides a comprehensive look at the state-of-the-science in the application of landscape ecology to the seas and provides guidance for future research priorities. The first book devoted exclusively to this rapidly emerging and increasingly important discipline, it is comprised of contributions from researchers at the forefront of seascape ecology working around the world. It presents the principles, concepts, methodology, and techniques informing seascape ecology and reports on the latest developments in the application of the approach to marine ecology and management. A growing number of marine scientists, geographers, and marine managers are asking questions about the marine environment that are best addressed with a landscape ecology perspective. Seascape Ecology represents the first serious effort to fill the gap in the literature on the subject. Key topics and features of interest include: The origins and history of seascape ecology and various approaches to spatial patterning in the sea The links between seascape patterns and ecological processes, with special attention paid to the roles played by seagrasses and salt marshes and animal movements through seascapes Human influences on seascape ecology—includes models for assessing human-seascape interactions A special epilogue in which three eminent scientists who have been instrumental in shaping the course of landscape ecology offer their insights and perspectives Seascape Ecology is a must-read for researchers and professionals in an array of disciplines, including marine biology, environmental science, geosciences, marine and coastal management, and environmental protection. It is also an excellent supplementary text for university courses in those fields.
The Ecological Consequences Of Environmental Heterogeneity
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Author : British Ecological Society. Symposium
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2000-08
The Ecological Consequences Of Environmental Heterogeneity written by British Ecological Society. Symposium and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-08 with Nature categories.
A wide-ranging review of the effects of heterogeneity on individuals, populations, communities and biodiversity.
Ecosystem Collapse And Recovery
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Author : Adrian C. Newton
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2021-04-22
Ecosystem Collapse And Recovery written by Adrian C. Newton and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-22 with Nature categories.
Examines how ecosystems can collapse as a result of human activity, and the ecological processes underlying their subsequent recovery.
Landscape Ecology In Theory And Practice
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Author : Monica G. Turner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-05-08
Landscape Ecology In Theory And Practice written by Monica G. Turner and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.
An ideal text for students taking a course in landscape ecology. The book has been written by very well-known practitioners and pioneers in the new field of ecological analysis. Landscape ecology has emerged during the past two decades as a new and exciting level of ecological study. Environmental problems such as global climate change, land use change, habitat fragmentation and loss of biodiversity have required ecologists to expand their traditional spatial and temporal scales and the widespread availability of remote imagery, geographic information systems, and desk top computing has permitted the development of spatially explicit analyses. In this new text book this new field of landscape ecology is given the first fully integrated treatment suitable for the student. Throughout, the theoretical developments, modeling approaches and results, and empirical data are merged together, so as not to introduce barriers to the synthesis of the various approaches that constitute an effective ecological synthesis. The book also emphasizes selected topic areas in which landscape ecology has made the most contributions to our understanding of ecological processes, as well as identifying areas where its contributions have been limited. Each chapter features questions for discussion as well as recommended reading.
Metacommunities
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Author : Marcel Holyoak
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2005-10
Metacommunities written by Marcel Holyoak and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-10 with Nature categories.
Takes the hallmarks of metapopulation theory to the next level by considering a group of communities, each of which may contain numerous populations, connected by species interactions within communities and the movement of individuals between communities. This book seeks to understand how communities work in fragmented landscapes.