Meta Ecosystem Dynamics
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Meta Ecosystem Dynamics
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Author : Frederic Guichard
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-09-25
Meta Ecosystem Dynamics written by Frederic Guichard and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-25 with Mathematics categories.
This book presents current meta-ecosystem models and their derivation from classical ecosystem and metapopulation theories. Specifically, it reviews recent modelling efforts that have emphasized the role of nonlinear dynamics on spatial and food web networks, and which have cast their implications within the context of spatial synchrony and ecological stoichiometry. It suggests that these recent advances naturally lead to a generalization of meta-ecosystem theories to spatial fluxes of matter that have both a trophic and non-trophic impact on species. Ecosystem dynamics refers to the cycling of matter and energy across ecological compartments through processes such as consumption and recycling. Spatial dynamics established its ecological roots with metapopulation theories and focuses on scaling up local ecological processes through the limited movement of individuals and matter. Over the last 15 years, theories integrating ecosystem and spatial dynamics have quickly coalesced into meta-ecosystem theories, the focus of this book. The book will be of interest to graduate students and researchers who wish to learn more about the synthesis of ecosystem and spatial dynamics, which form the foundation of the theory of meta-ecosystems.
Modeling And Formal Analysis Of Meta Ecosystems With Dynamic Structure Using Graph Transformation
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Author : Boris Flotterer
language : en
Publisher: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Release Date : 2023-01-08
Modeling And Formal Analysis Of Meta Ecosystems With Dynamic Structure Using Graph Transformation written by Boris Flotterer and has been published by Universitätsverlag Potsdam this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-08 with Computers categories.
The dynamics of ecosystems is of crucial importance. Various model-based approaches exist to understand and analyze their internal effects. In this paper, we model the space structure dynamics and ecological dynamics of meta-ecosystems using the formal technique of Graph Transformation (short GT). We build GT models to describe how a meta-ecosystem (modeled as a graph) can evolve over time (modeled by GT rules) and to analyze these GT models with respect to qualitative properties such as the existence of structural stabilities. As a case study, we build three GT models describing the space structure dynamics and ecological dynamics of three different savanna meta-ecosystems. The first GT model considers a savanna meta-ecosystem that is limited in space to two ecosystem patches, whereas the other two GT models consider two savanna meta-ecosystems that are unlimited in the number of ecosystem patches and only differ in one GT rule describing how the space structure of the meta-ecosystem grows. In the first two GT models, the space structure dynamics and ecological dynamics of the meta-ecosystem shows two main structural stabilities: the first one based on grassland-savanna-woodland transitions and the second one based on grassland-desert transitions. The transition between these two structural stabilities is driven by high-intensity fires affecting the tree components. In the third GT model, the GT rule for savanna regeneration induces desertification and therefore a collapse of the meta-ecosystem. We believe that GT models provide a complementary avenue to that of existing approaches to rigorously study ecological phenomena.
Metacommunities
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Author : Marcel Holyoak
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2005-10
Metacommunities written by Marcel Holyoak and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-10 with Nature categories.
Takes the hallmarks of metapopulation theory to the next level by considering a group of communities, each of which may contain numerous populations, connected by species interactions within communities and the movement of individuals between communities. This book seeks to understand how communities work in fragmented landscapes.
Non Equilibrium Dynamics In Engineered Meta Ecosystems
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Author : Julien Massé Jodoin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Non Equilibrium Dynamics In Engineered Meta Ecosystems written by Julien Massé Jodoin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
"The maturation of ecosystems can be associated with increased connectedness and destabilizing feedbacks from biogenic habitat modification. Over regional scales, resulting disturbances can translate into strong spatial fluxes of ecosystem resources. Using a mechanistic meta-ecosystem model of rocky shore mussel beds, I explore the implications of ecosystem engineering for spatial synchrony and regional matter circulation. At the local scale, I find that aggregated mussel recruitment and feedback from biodeposition and sedimentation can lead to rare and catastrophic fluctuations of population abundance and strong spatial fluxes of (in)organic matter. At the regional scale, I show that resulting dynamics can maintain spatial heterogeneity under strong biotic and abiotic regional connectivity. This is characterized by non-stationary time series and a modulation of spatial synchrony. By explicitly considering stocks and fluxes of engineered matter, I show that biogenic habitat modification interacts with spatial synchrony to determine the turnover and spatial distribution of (in)organic matter. These results suggest that resolving the implications of regional connectivity for population persistence, habitat structure, and resources availability requires considering how ecosystem engineering interacts with the stability and the connectivity of natural systems." --
From Elements To Landscapes
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Author : Matteo Rizzuto
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
From Elements To Landscapes written by Matteo Rizzuto and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Consumers are key actors in ecosystems, shaping processes and functions at multiple spatiotemporal scales via their interactions with biotic and abiotic ecosystem features. Yet, research on the dynamics of local and meta-ecosystems rarely accounts for the effects of consumers- particularly terrestrial mammals. Two hurdles hamper progress in this field: the lack of common units of measurement for biotic and abiotic ecosystem components, and the need for flexible, system-agnostic ways to investigate how consumers interact with and influence ecosystem functioning. In this dissertation, I offer a concerted approach to address these issues, integrating wildlife, landscape, and ecosystem ecology within an ecological stoichiometry framework. I begin by showing that terrestrial mammals are variable in their ecological stoichiometry, using data from the snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus), a keystone boreal herbivore. Importantly, unlike invertebrates, organismal stoichiometry in vertebrates appears unrelated to age, sex, body size, and body condition. Building on these results, I investigate the responses of terrestrial herbivores to biotic variability in their environment, finding that snowshoe hares vary their space use when facing intraspecific variability in the stoichiometry of their foraging resources. Hares had larger home ranges in areas of poor or highly variable forage stoichiometry compared to areas of high and consistent forage stoichiometry. This differential space use by consumers may elicit changes in both their ecology and ecosystem dynamics. Thus, I develop a novel mathematical model of a meta-ecosystem to investigate how multiple types of consumer movement over the landscape influence ecosystem processes and functions. Expanding a classic, two-patch meta-ecosystem model to include the surrounding matrix, I demonstrate that active, non-diffusive movement of consumers can reduce or enhance ecosystem functions at local and regional spatial scales. Throughout my thesis, ecological stoichiometry ties together the diverse themes of each chapter, further demonstrating how elemental currencies can work as shared units of measurement across levels of biological organization. Overall, my thesis combines a laboratory study, spatial statistical models fit to a field-based case study, and a novel mathematical model to provide testable predictions to guide future research into the role of consumers within meta-ecology.
Metacommunity Spatio Temporal Dynamics Conservation And Management Implications
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Author : Pedro Giovâni Da Silva
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-05-18
Metacommunity Spatio Temporal Dynamics Conservation And Management Implications written by Pedro Giovâni Da Silva and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-18 with Science categories.
Applying Meta Ecosystem Theory To Heterogeneous Marine Systems
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Author : Tianna Peller
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Applying Meta Ecosystem Theory To Heterogeneous Marine Systems written by Tianna Peller and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
"Spatial flows of living organisms and non-living resources coupling ecosystems are ubiquitous in nature. Meta-ecosystem theory has begun to provide a mechanistic understanding of the significance of ecosystem couplings for trophic regulation, coexistence, and the functions of ecosystems. However, meta-ecosystem theory has remained difficult to apply to natural systems as it largely overlooks characteristics of meta-ecosystems observed in nature, including ecosystem diversity, spatial flows via mobile organisms, and the potential for different forms of spatial flows to couple ecosystems across distinct spatial scales. In this thesis, I integrate these characteristics of natural meta-ecosystems into meta-ecosystem theory with the aims of: 1) improving our understanding of the significance of ecosystem couplings for trophic regulation, coexistence, and ecosystem functions, and 2) making meta-ecosystem theory more applicable to natural systems. I focus specifically on coastal marine systems where metacommunity theory has been widely applied, but the application of meta-ecosystem theory has been limited despite abundant evidence of non-living resources coupling ecosystems. My general approach is to establish an empirical foundation for studying coastal marine meta-ecosystems and to ground meta-ecosystem models in this evidence to study their functioning. I first synthesize and analyze empirical evidence to establish general characteristics of resource flows coupling coastal marine ecosystems. The synthesis indicates resource flows commonly couple different types of coastal marine ecosystems across smaller spatial scales than larval dispersal of many species, and that resource flows can occur via passive processes and mobile organisms. Based on these empirical findings, the first meta-ecosystem model I develop exhibits two different ecosystems coupled by a mobile consumer that can feed and recycle nutrients in both ecosystems according to its traits. I predict nutrient recycling by mobile organisms can have spatially-heterogeneous effects on trophic regulation and impact coexistence of different mobile species. Species traits can modify the magnitude and direction of the regulatory effects and whether recycling promotes or hinders coexistence. For the second meta-ecosystem model, I examine contrasting characteristics of resource flows versus dispersal, including their spatial scale and the types of ecosystems they couple. I predict the contrasting characteristics can enable source-sink dynamics across ecosystem types. Source-sink dynamics can stabilize the meta-ecosystem and yield spatially-heterogeneous local trophic regulation and ecosystem functions, which scale up to impact meta-ecosystem function. Collectively, my thesis suggests ecosystem diversity, the traits of mobile organisms, and contrasting spatial scales of spatial flows are key properties of meta-ecosystems, driving their diversity of species, functions, and heterogeneous trophic regulation. My findings have important implications for approaches to designing protected area networks"--
Models In Population Community And Ecosystem Dynamics
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Author : Mehdi Cherif
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2024-04-01
Models In Population Community And Ecosystem Dynamics written by Mehdi Cherif and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-01 with Science categories.
Metacommunity Ecology Volume 59
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Author : Mathew A. Leibold
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2018
Metacommunity Ecology Volume 59 written by Mathew A. Leibold and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Science categories.
Metacommunity ecology links smaller-scale processes that have been the provenance of population and community ecology—such as birth-death processes, species interactions, selection, and stochasticity—with larger-scale issues such as dispersal and habitat heterogeneity. Until now, the field has focused on evaluating the relative importance of distinct processes, with niche-based environmental sorting on one side and neutral-based ecological drift and dispersal limitation on the other. This book moves beyond these artificial categorizations, showing how environmental sorting, dispersal, ecological drift, and other processes influence metacommunity structure simultaneously. Mathew Leibold and Jonathan Chase argue that the relative importance of these processes depends on the characteristics of the organisms, the strengths and types of their interactions, the degree of habitat heterogeneity, the rates of dispersal, and the scale at which the system is observed. Using this synthetic perspective, they explore metacommunity patterns in time and space, including patterns of coexistence, distribution, and diversity. Leibold and Chase demonstrate how these processes and patterns are altered by micro- and macroevolution, traits and phylogenetic relationships, and food web interactions. They then use this scale-explicit perspective to illustrate how metacommunity processes are essential for understanding macroecological and biogeographical patterns as well as ecosystem-level processes. Moving seamlessly across scales and subdisciplines, Metacommunity Ecology is an invaluable reference, one that offers a more integrated approach to ecological patterns and processes.
Intermittent Rivers And Ephemeral Streams
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Author : Thibault Datry
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2017-07-11
Intermittent Rivers And Ephemeral Streams written by Thibault Datry and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-11 with Science categories.
Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams: Ecology and Management takes an internationally broad approach, seeking to compare and contrast findings across multiple continents, climates, flow regimes, and land uses to provide a complete and integrated perspective on the ecology of these ecosystems. Coupled with this, users will find a discussion of management approaches applicable in different regions that are illustrated with relevant case studies. In a readable and technically accurate style, the book utilizes logically framed chapters authored by experts in the field, allowing managers and policymakers to readily grasp ecological concepts and their application to specific situations. Provides up-to-date reviews of research findings and management strategies using international examples Explores themes and parallels across diverse sub-disciplines in ecology and water resource management utilizing a multidisciplinary and integrative approach Reveals the relevance of this scientific understanding to managers and policymakers