Aristotle On Teleology
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Aristotle On Teleology
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Author : Monte Ransome Johnson
language : en
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Release Date : 2005-11-03
Aristotle On Teleology written by Monte Ransome Johnson and has been published by Clarendon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-11-03 with Philosophy categories.
Monte Johnson examines one of the most controversial aspects of Aristiotle's natural philosophy: his teleology. Is teleology about causation or explanation? Does it exclude or obviate mechanism, determinism, or materialism? Is it focused on the good of individual organisms, or is god or man the ultimate end of all processes and entities? Is teleology restricted to living things, or does it apply to the cosmos as a whole? Does it identify objectively existent causes in the world, or is it merely a heuristic for our understanding of other causal processes? Johnson argues that Aristotle's aporetic approach drives a middle course between these traditional oppositions, and avoids the dilemma, frequently urged against teleology, between backwards causation and anthropomorphism. Although these issues have been debated with extraordinary depth by Aristotle scholars, and touched upon by many in the wider philosophical and scientific community as well, there has been no comprehensive historical treatment of the issue. Aristotle is commonly considered the inventor of teleology, although the precise term originated in the eighteenth century. But if teleology means the use of ends and goals in natural science, then Aristotle was rather a critical innovator of teleological explanation. Teleological notions were widespread among his predecessors, but Aristotle rejected their conception of extrinsic causes such as mind or god as the primary causes for natural things. Aristotle's radical alternative was to assert nature itself as an internal principle of change and an end, and his teleological explanations focus on the intrinsic ends of natural substances - those ends that benefit the natural thing itself. Aristotle's use of ends was subsequently conflated with incompatible 'teleological' notions, including proofs for the existence of a providential or designer god, vitalism and animism, opposition to mechanism and non-teleological causation, and anthropocentrism. Johnson addresses these misconceptions through an elaboration of Aristotle's methodological statements, as well as an examination of the explanations actually offered in the scientific works.
Explanation And Teleology In Aristotle S Science Of Nature
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Author : Mariska Leunissen
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2010-08-26
Explanation And Teleology In Aristotle S Science Of Nature written by Mariska Leunissen and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-08-26 with Philosophy categories.
In Aristotle's teleological view of the world, natural things come to be and are present for the sake of some function or end (for example, wings are present in birds for the sake of flying). Whereas much of recent scholarship has focused on uncovering the (meta-)physical underpinnings of Aristotle's teleology and its contrasts with his notions of chance and necessity, this book examines Aristotle's use of the theory of natural teleology in producing explanations of natural phenomena. Close analyses of Aristotle's natural treatises and his Posterior Analytics show what methods are used for the discovery of functions or ends that figure in teleological explanations, how these explanations are structured, and how well they work in making sense of phenomena. The book will be valuable for all who are interested in Aristotle's natural science, his philosophy of science, and his biology.
Gale Researcher Guide For Aristotle On Teleology
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Author : John Dudley
language : en
Publisher: Gale, Cengage Learning
Release Date : 2018-08-30
Gale Researcher Guide For Aristotle On Teleology written by John Dudley and has been published by Gale, Cengage Learning this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-30 with Philosophy categories.
Gale Researcher Guide for: Aristotle on Teleology is selected from Gale's academic platform Gale Researcher. These study guides provide peer-reviewed articles that allow students early success in finding scholarly materials and to gain the confidence and vocabulary needed to pursue deeper research.
Teleology
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Author : Jeffrey K. McDonough
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Teleology written by Jeffrey K. McDonough and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Teleology categories.
Teleology is the belief that some things happen, or exist for the sake of other things. It is the belief that, for example, salmon swim upstream in order to spawn, and that bears have claws for the sake of catching fish. This volume takes up the intuitive yet puzzling concept of teleology asit has been treated by philosophers from ancient times to the present day. It includes nine main chapters centered on the treatment of teleology in Plato, Aristotle, the Islamic medieval tradition, the Jewish medieval tradition, the Latin medieval tradition, the early modern era, Kant, Hegel, andcontemporary philosophy. Each chapter probes central questions such as: is teleology inherent in its subjects or is it imposed on them from the outside? Does teleology necessarily involve intentionality, that is, a subject's cognizing some end, goal, or purpose? What is the scope of teleology? Isit, for example, applicable to elements and animals, or only to rational beings? Finally, is teleology explanatory? When we say that salmon swim upstream in order to spawn, have we explained why they swim upstream? When we say that bears have claws for catching fish, have we explained why bears haveclaws? The philosophical discussions of the main chapters are enlivened and contextualized by four reflection pieces exploring the implications of teleology in medicine, art, poetry, and music.
Teleology First Principles And Scientific Method In Aristotle S Biology
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Author : Allan Gotthelf
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2012-02-23
Teleology First Principles And Scientific Method In Aristotle S Biology written by Allan Gotthelf and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-23 with History categories.
This volume draws together Allan Gotthelf's pioneering work on Aristotle's biology. He examines Aristotle's natural teleology, the axiomatic structure of biological explanation, and the reliance on scientifically organized data in the three great works with which Aristotle laid the foundations of biological science.
From Aristotle S Teleology To Darwin S Genealogy
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Author : M. Solinas
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-03-09
From Aristotle S Teleology To Darwin S Genealogy written by M. Solinas and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-03-09 with Science categories.
From Aristotle to Darwin, from ancient teleology to contemporary genealogies, this book offers an overview of the birth and then persistence of Aristotle's framework into modernity, until its radical overthrow by the evolutionary revolution.
Teleology
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Author : Jeffrey K. McDonough
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2020-05-08
Teleology written by Jeffrey K. McDonough and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-08 with Philosophy categories.
Teleology is the belief that some things happen, or exist for the sake of other things. It is the belief that, for example, salmon swim upstream in order to spawn, and that bears have claws for the sake of catching fish. This volume takes up the intuitive yet puzzling concept of teleology as it has been treated by philosophers from ancient times to the present day. It includes nine main chapters centered on the treatment of teleology in Plato, Aristotle, the Islamic medieval tradition, the Jewish medieval tradition, the Latin medieval tradition, the early modern era, Kant, Hegel, and contemporary philosophy. Each chapter probes central questions such as: is teleology inherent in its subjects or is it imposed on them from the outside? Does teleology necessarily involve intentionality, that is, a subject's cognizing some end, goal, or purpose? What is the scope of teleology? Is it, for example, applicable to elements and animals, or only to rational beings? Finally, is teleology explanatory? When we say that salmon swim upstream in order to spawn, have we explained why they swim upstream? When we say that bears have claws for catching fish, have we explained why bears have claws? The philosophical discussions of the main chapters are enlivened and contextualized by four reflection pieces exploring the implications of teleology in medicine, art, poetry, and music.
Philosophical Issues In Aristotle S Biology
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Author : Allan Gotthelf
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1987-10-22
Philosophical Issues In Aristotle S Biology written by Allan Gotthelf and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987-10-22 with Philosophy categories.
An overview of biology and philosophy is followed by three sections on individual issues definition and demonstration, teleology and necessity in nature, and metaphysical themes.
Studies In Aristotle
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Author : Dominic J. O'Meara
language : en
Publisher: CUA Press
Release Date : 2018-03-02
Studies In Aristotle written by Dominic J. O'Meara and has been published by CUA Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-02 with Philosophy categories.
Presents studies which give some idea of the variety of philosophical perspectives which Aristotle held, and to provide analysis needed in order to reach a better understanding of a difficult thinker.
Teleology In The Ancient World
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Author : Julius Rocca
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-10-12
Teleology In The Ancient World written by Julius Rocca and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-12 with Philosophy categories.
The ancient origins of teleological concepts are sometimes either conveniently forgotten or given a distorted appearance. On the one hand, ancient teleology has been obscured by the theological cloak of creationism. On the other, Darwinists have sometimes failed to give due consideration to the variety and subtlety of teleology's intellectual antecedents. The purpose of this book is to restore the balance by looking at the manifold ways in which teleology in antiquity was viewed. The volume, consisting of twelve essays by leading authorities in their fields, examines the ways in which teleological arguments were used in antiquity and how these discussions inform and influence current debates on evolution, creationism and intelligent design. As well as examining philosophical contributions to the subject, a specific aim is to examine ancient medical thinking on this topic and its relationship to ancient philosophical ideas.