Army Navy Calendar For 1882 83 1893 94
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Army Navy Calendar For 1882 83 1893 94
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1888
Army Navy Calendar For 1882 83 1893 94 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1888 with categories.
Army Navy Calendar For 1882 83 1893 94
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1882
Army Navy Calendar For 1882 83 1893 94 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1882 with categories.
Army Navy Calendar For 1893 4
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Author : John Hazard
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1893
Army Navy Calendar For 1893 4 written by John Hazard and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1893 with categories.
Outsourcing African Labor
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Author : Jeffrey Gunn
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2021-07-19
Outsourcing African Labor written by Jeffrey Gunn and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-19 with History categories.
By the late eighteenth century, the ever-increasing British need for local labour in West Africa based on malarial, climatic, and manpower concerns led to a willingness of the British and Kru (West African labourers from Liberia) to experiment with free wage labour contracts. The Kru’s familiarity with European trade on the Kru Coast (modern Liberia) from at least the sixteenth century played a fundamental role in their decision to expand their wage earning opportunities under contract with the British. The establishment of Freetown in 1792 enabled the Kru to engage in systematized work for British merchants, ship captains, and naval officers. Kru workers increased their migration to Freetown establishing what appears to be their first permanent labouring community beyond their homeland on the Kru Coast. Their community in Freetown known as Krutown provided a readily available labour pool and ensured their regular employment on board British commercial ships and Royal Navy vessels circumnavigating the Atlantic and beyond. In the process, the Kru established a network of Krutowns and community settlements in many Atlantic ports including Cape Coast, Fernando Po, Ascension Island, Cape of Good Hope, and in the British Caribbean in Demerara and Port of Spain. Outsourcing African Labour in the Nineteenth Century: Kru Migratory Workers in Global Ports, Estates and Battlefields structures the fragmented history of Kru workers into a coherent global framework. The migration of Kru workers in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans, in commercial and military contexts represents a movement of free wage labour that transformed the Kru Coast into a homeland that nurtured diasporas and staffed a vast network of workplaces. As the Kru formed permanent and transient working communities around the Atlantic and in the British Caribbean, they underwent several phases of social, political, and economic innovation, which ultimately overcame a decline in employment in their homeland on the Kru Coast by the end of the nineteenth century by increasing employment in their diaspora. There were unique features of the Kru migrant labour force that characterized all phases of its expansion. The migration was virtually entirely male, and at a time when slavery was widespread and the slave trade was subjected to the abolition campaign of the British Navy, Kru workers were free with an expertise in manning seaborne craft and porterage. Kru carried letters from previous captains as testimonies of their reliability and work ethic or they worked under the supervision of experienced workers who effectively served as references for employment. They worked for contractual periods of between six months and five years for which they were paid wages. The Kru thereby stand out as an anomaly in the history of Atlantic trade when compared with the much larger diasporas of enslaved Africans.
The National Union Catalog Pre 1956 Imprints
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Author : Library of Congress
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1969
The National Union Catalog Pre 1956 Imprints written by Library of Congress and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1969 with Catalogs, Union categories.
Catalogue
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Author : New South Wales Free Public Library, Sydney
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1897
Catalogue written by New South Wales Free Public Library, Sydney and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1897 with categories.
Index To The Reports Of The Chief Of Engineers U S Army Including The Reports Of The Isthmian Canal Commissions 1899 1914 1866 1912
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Author : United States. Army. Corps of Engineers
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1915
Index To The Reports Of The Chief Of Engineers U S Army Including The Reports Of The Isthmian Canal Commissions 1899 1914 1866 1912 written by United States. Army. Corps of Engineers and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1915 with Engineering categories.
Serials In Australian Libraries Social Sciences And Humanities
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Author : National Library of Australia
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1968
Serials In Australian Libraries Social Sciences And Humanities written by National Library of Australia and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1968 with Australian periodicals categories.
Supplement To The Catalogue For The Public Library Of New South Wales Sydney Reference Department
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Author : Public Library of New South Wales. Reference Dept
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1897
Supplement To The Catalogue For The Public Library Of New South Wales Sydney Reference Department written by Public Library of New South Wales. Reference Dept and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1897 with categories.
Catalogue Of The Free Public Library Sydney
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Author : New South Wales. Library
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1897
Catalogue Of The Free Public Library Sydney written by New South Wales. Library and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1897 with categories.