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Articulatory Speech Synthesis From The Fluid Dynamics Of The Vocal Apparatus

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Articulatory Speech Synthesis From The Fluid Dynamics Of The Vocal Apparatus

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Author : Levinson, Stephen
language : en
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Release Date : 2012-07-01

Articulatory Speech Synthesis From The Fluid Dynamics Of The Vocal Apparatus written by Levinson, Stephen and has been published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-07-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book addresses the problem of articulatory speech synthesis based on computed vocal tract geometries and the basic physics of sound production in it. Unlike conventional methods based on analysis/synthesis using the well-known source filter model, which assumes the independence of the excitation and filter, we treat the entire vocal apparatus as one mechanical system that produces sound by means of fluid dynamics. The vocal apparatus is represented as a three-dimensional time-varying mechanism and the sound propagation inside it is due to the non-planar propagation of acoustic waves through a viscous, compressible fluid described by the Navier-Stokes equations. We propose a combined minimum energy and minimum jerk criterion to compute the dynamics of the vocal tract during articulation. Theoretical error bounds and experimental results show that this method obtains a close match to the phonetic target positions while avoiding abrupt changes in the articulatory trajectory. The vocal folds are set into aerodynamic oscillation by the flow of air from the lungs. The modulated air stream then excites the moving vocal tract. This method shows strong evidence for source-filter interaction. Based on our results, we propose that the articulatory speech production model has the potential to synthesize speech and provide a compact parameterization of the speech signal that can be useful in a wide variety of speech signal processing problems. Table of Contents: Introduction / Literature Review / Estimation of Dynamic Articulatory Parameters / Construction of Articulatory Model Based on MRI Data / Vocal Fold Excitation Models / Experimental Results of Articulatory Synthesis / Conclusion

Articulatory Speech Synthesis From The Fluid Dynamics Of The Vocal Apparatus

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Author : Stephen Levinson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-06-01

Articulatory Speech Synthesis From The Fluid Dynamics Of The Vocal Apparatus written by Stephen Levinson and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Speech Recognition Algorithms Using Weighted Finite State Transducers

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Author : Takaaki Hori
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-05-31

Speech Recognition Algorithms Using Weighted Finite State Transducers written by Takaaki Hori and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book introduces the theory, algorithms, and implementation techniques for efficient decoding in speech recognition mainly focusing on the Weighted Finite-State Transducer (WFST) approach. The decoding process for speech recognition is viewed as a search problem whose goal is to find a sequence of words that best matches an input speech signal. Since this process becomes computationally more expensive as the system vocabulary size increases, research has long been devoted to reducing the computational cost. Recently, the WFST approach has become an important state-of-the-art speech recognition technology, because it offers improved decoding speed with fewer recognition errors compared with conventional methods. However, it is not easy to understand all the algorithms used in this framework, and they are still in a black box for many people. In this book, we review the WFST approach and aim to provide comprehensive interpretations of WFST operations and decoding algorithms to help anyone who wants to understand, develop, and study WFST-based speech recognizers. We also mention recent advances in this framework and its applications to spoken language processing. Table of Contents: Introduction / Brief Overview of Speech Recognition / Introduction to Weighted Finite-State Transducers / Speech Recognition by Weighted Finite-State Transducers / Dynamic Decoders with On-the-fly WFST Operations / Summary and Perspective

Dft Domain Based Single Microphone Noise Reduction For Speech Enhancement

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Author : Richard C. Hendriks
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-05-31

Dft Domain Based Single Microphone Noise Reduction For Speech Enhancement written by Richard C. Hendriks and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.

As speech processing devices like mobile phones, voice controlled devices, and hearing aids have increased in popularity, people expect them to work anywhere and at any time without user intervention. However, the presence of acoustical disturbances limits the use of these applications, degrades their performance, or causes the user difficulties in understanding the conversation or appreciating the device. A common way to reduce the effects of such disturbances is through the use of single-microphone noise reduction algorithms for speech enhancement. The field of single-microphone noise reduction for speech enhancement comprises a history of more than 30 years of research. In this survey, we wish to demonstrate the significant advances that have been made during the last decade in the field of discrete Fourier transform domain-based single-channel noise reduction for speech enhancement.Furthermore, our goal is to provide a concise description of a state-of-the-art speech enhancement system, and demonstrate the relative importance of the various building blocks of such a system. This allows the non-expert DSP practitioner to judge the relevance of each building block and to implement a close-to-optimal enhancement system for the particular application at hand. Table of Contents: Introduction / Single Channel Speech Enhancement: General Principles / DFT-Based Speech Enhancement Methods: Signal Model and Notation / Speech DFT Estimators / Speech Presence Probability Estimation / Noise PSD Estimation / Speech PSD Estimation / Performance Evaluation Methods / Simulation Experiments with Single-Channel Enhancement Systems / Future Directions

Acoustical Impulse Response Functions Of Music Performance Halls

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Author : Douglas Frey
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-05-31

Acoustical Impulse Response Functions Of Music Performance Halls written by Douglas Frey and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Digital measurement of the analog acoustical parameters of a music performance hall is difficult. The aim of such work is to create a digital acoustical derivation that is an accurate numerical representation of the complex analog characteristics of the hall. The present study describes the exponential sine sweep (ESS) measurement process in the derivation of an acoustical impulse response function (AIRF) of three music performance halls in Canada. It examines specific difficulties of the process, such as preventing the external effects of the measurement transducers from corrupting the derivation, and provides solutions, such as the use of filtering techniques in order to remove such unwanted effects. In addition, the book presents a novel method of numerical verification through mean-squared error (MSE) analysis in order to determine how accurately the derived AIRF represents the acoustical behavior of the actual hall.

Survey Of The State Of The Art In Human Language Technology

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Author : Giovanni Battista Varile
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1997

Survey Of The State Of The Art In Human Language Technology written by Giovanni Battista Varile and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Computers categories.

Originally published in 1997, this book is concerned with human language technology. This technology provides computers with the capability to handle spoken and written language. One major goal is to improve communication between humans and machines. If people can use their own language to access information, working with software applications and controlling machinery, the greatest obstacle for the acceptance of new information technology is overcome. Another important goal is to facilitate communication among people. Machines can help to translate texts or spoken input from one human language to the other. Programs that assist people in writing by checking orthography, grammar and style are constantly improving. This book was sponsored by the Directorate General XIII of the European Union and the Information Science and Engineering Directorate of the National Science Foundation, USA.

The Journal Of The Acoustical Society Of America

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Author : Acoustical Society of America
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003

The Journal Of The Acoustical Society Of America written by Acoustical Society of America and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Acoustical engineering categories.