Assessing Public Inconvenience In Highway Work Zones
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Assessing Public Inconvenience In Highway Work Zones
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Author : Andrew S. Griffith
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Assessing Public Inconvenience In Highway Work Zones written by Andrew S. Griffith and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Roads categories.
Development Of A Systematic Approach For The Inclusion Of Accident Risk Factors In The Calculation Of Road User Costs For Construction Zones
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Author : Ana Maria Elias
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Development Of A Systematic Approach For The Inclusion Of Accident Risk Factors In The Calculation Of Road User Costs For Construction Zones written by Ana Maria Elias and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with categories.
ABSTRACT: Construction sites or work zones create serious disruptions in the normal flow of traffic resulting in major inconveniences for the traveling public. These traffic problems affect the motorists by considerably increasing their travel time because of delays, and even their travel distances in the case of forced detours. The speed changes and detours also impact the operating expenses of the vehicles. Furthermore, and most importantly, these work zones create safety hazards that require special consideration. Reducing construction time, and therefore reducing the amount of extra costs generated, has become a major issue for state highway agencies throughout the United States. Most of the innovative contracting practices for highway construction projects specifically address the reduction in construction time as a means to minimize the negative effect that road work areas have on the motorists and on the general public. Additionally, current legislation and programs, at both state and national levels, are continually emphasizing the need for a better understanding of work zone problems as a means to address the issue of work zone safety. This reality, coupled with the fact that every year more miles of highway are being temporarily closed for rehabilitation and maintenance purposes, makes the analysis of safety at construction sites a very serious matter. This research endeavor represents a comprehensive study of the different problems and variables associated with the development of a new practical approach to address the issue of highway safety in construction zones. Since empirical models require sample sizes which are rather unattainable due to the intrinsic scarcity of construction zone accident data, the problem was studied from the point of view of risk analysis. Monte Carlo simulations were used to develop risk factors. These factors are meant to be included in the calculations of additional user costs originated at work zones, in an effort to optimize length and duration of closures for highway reconstruction/rehabilitation projects. In this way, it will be possible to effectively assess the danger that work zones represent for the traveling public, and therefore, help to minimize their adverse effect on highway safety.
Work Zone Impacts Assessment
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Author : United States Department of Transportation
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2015-02-23
Work Zone Impacts Assessment written by United States Department of Transportation and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-23 with Transportation categories.
This Guide is designed to help transportation agencies develop and/or update their own procedures for assessing and managing the work zone impacts of their road projects throughout the different program delivery stages. Understanding work zone impacts is critical to developing effective work zone transportation management plans (TMPs) that provide for safety, mobility, and quality in maintaining, rehabilitating, and rebuilding the nation's highways. The primary intended audience for this Guide is transportation agency staff, including technical staff (planners, designers, construction/traffic engineers, highway/safety engineers, etc.); management and executive-level staff responsible for setting policy and program direction; field staff responsible for building projects and managing work zones; and staff responsible for assessing performance in these areas. This document also provides support to agencies in their efforts to implement the recently updated work zone regulations. In September 2004, the FHWA published updates to the work zone regulations at 23 CFR 630 Subpart J. The updated rule is referred to as the Work Zone Safety and Mobility Rule (Rule) and applies to all State and local governments that receive Federal-aid highway funding. Transportation agencies are required to comply with the provisions of the Rule by October 12, 2007. The changes made to the regulations broaden the former Rule to better address the work zone issues of today and the future. The Rule provides a decision-making framework that facilitates comprehensive consideration of the broader safety and mobility impacts of work zones across project development stages, and the adoption of additional strategies that help manage these impacts during project implementation. The Rule requires agencies to develop an agency-level work zone safety and mobility policy to support systematic consideration and management of work zone impacts across all stages of project development. Based on the policy, agencies will develop processes and procedures to support implementation of the policy. These include procedures that address work zone impacts assessment, work zone data, work zone training, and process reviews. The Rule also calls for the development of project-level procedures to help agencies assess and manage the work zone impacts of individual projects. While the Rule does not require a specific work zone impacts assessment process/procedure, it recommends that agencies develop and implement systematic procedures to assess work zone impacts in project development, and to manage safety and mobility during project implementation. This document is the last of four guidance documents developed on the Rule, and provides a general approach for conducting work zone impacts assessment and management, as well as many examples of the approaches currently being used by transportation agencies.
Work Zone Safety Assessment And Throughput Analysis For High Volume Highways Using Random Parameter Models
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Author : Seyedata Nahidi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Work Zone Safety Assessment And Throughput Analysis For High Volume Highways Using Random Parameter Models written by Seyedata Nahidi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Highways and freeways could be considered the most important transportation infrastructure in North America; these vital routes are necessary for the efficient haulage of huge amounts of goods and services. Several factors such as the high volume of heavy truck traffic as well as harsh winters in this region could result in a faster deterioration rate of the transportation infrastructures, specifically pavements. Transportation agencies, under the supervision of municipalities, are responsible to maintain, preserve, and reconstruct these segments. Applying the proper care results in a significant reduction in the number of observed conflicts and collisions on high-volume highways. Washington State Department of Transportation defines a work zone as, "...an area of a roadway with construction, maintenance, or utility work activities. A work zone is typically marked by signs, channelizing devices, barriers, pavement markings, and/or work vehicles." Based on previously conducted studies, work zones can significantly interrupt the regular traffic flow on highways. These interruptions can have adverse effects on the safety of the roads and increase the likelihood of undesirable conflicts and collisions. To avoid any unexpected work zone related safety concerns, Departments of Transportation in the US, as well as Ministries of Transportation in Canada, encourage agencies to propose detailed plans to minimize the queuing period and injury severity of work zone collisions; the most common strategy is to set up work zones at nighttime. Independent reports by the Ministry of Transportation Ontario (MTO) also identified that predicting the throughput, and the queuing length, as well as the queuing period, can significantly improve the planning stage, reduce the user delay costs, and increase work zone safety for workers and motorists. Statistical analyses and modelling are methods used to acquire information from historical data sets and gain a more realistic insight into future events with an acceptable confidence level. This research involves the statistical evaluation of work zones' safety and performance, along with comprehensive analyses of work zones' throughput in North America. To evaluate the different strategies, Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Negative Binomial Regression (NBR) models were developed to identify the critical historical factors which affect the traffic throughput of work zones. For safety assessment of work zones, innovative random parameter approaches were adapted in combination with ordered probability models to produce robust and realistic results. Furthermore, the practicality and applicability of random parameter models were discussed to clarify the advantages of using these models. Random Parameter Negative Binomial (RPNB) and Random Parameter Ordered Logit (RPOL) models developed in this study were found to be the most accurate models for throughput and safety analysis, respectively. Also, the implementation of k-fold cross validation proved that the model predictions correlated well with historical data. Finally, a new approach for Random Parameter prediction was proposed which considers the similarity level between a potential event and historical data. Based on these evaluations, the overall feasibility of each strategy was examined. The results denoted several practical recommendations to decrease traffic congestion and create safer work zones. The random parameter negative binomial model for throughput analysis showed that to avoid queuing in work zones where there are two or more obstructed lanes, multiple short (less than 3 km) work zones are more efficient than longer ones; this factor increases the frequency of passing vehicles by 177 per hour per lane. Besides, weekend nights are found to be the most appropriate time to set up work zones. It is observed that weekend nighttime work zone set-ups increase the number of passing vehicles by 493 vehicles per hour per lane compared to other scenarios. In general, nighttime closures, occurring on any day during the week, are found to have a higher discharge rate in comparison with daytime closures. On highways with more than 20% truck traffic, it is expected to have 102 fewer vehicles passing through work zones due to the induced congestion. Similarly, random parameter ordered probability models identified several factors which are shown to have a statistically significant impact on work zone collisions' injury severity level. As an example, aggressive driving behaviours, e.g. failing to keep in the proper lane, running other drivers off the road, and tailgating, increase the major injury and fatal collisions' likelihood by 78%. The installation of traffic control devices, specifically warning signs, reduce the probability of fatalities by 14%. Moreover, alcohol and drug consumption increase the probability of fatal and major injury collisions by 36% based on random parameter ordered Logit model, so by enforcing strict laws many lives can be saved. After analysis, common practices and the author's recommendations for each significant factor in the selected models are discussed. Primarily, the prohibition of truck traffic, designing efficient detours, and installation of extra and more innovative traffic control devices prior to the work zones are recommended. It was also concluded that the most efficient way to have a safe and comfortable environment in work zones on high-volume highways is to encourage government, engineers, and motorists to collaborate. Collaboration could take the form of the public awareness campaigns, setting and enforcing effective laws and regulations, and assuring the proper implementation of existing guidelines. Last but not least, the accurate prediction of work zone throughput frequency at queuing time provided an appropriate context for better work zone planning to reduce the possible user delay cost. The outcome of this research was the development of a novel planning and decision-making tool (`smart form') to help engineers and contractors to evaluate the work zone safety of high-volume highways in North America.
Corridor Traffic Management For Major Highway Reconstruction
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
Corridor Traffic Management For Major Highway Reconstruction written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Roads categories.
This publication, which describes reconstruction experiences, gives case studies which document the varied projects, and gives specific ideas for the management of major highway reconstruction. This report also discusses the use of incentive/disincentive provisions for early contract completion. Ways to expedite expressway and bridge rehabilitation are summarized, and a policy statememt is provided on the application of traffic management actions. Abstracts and summaries are given of recently published literature in the area of corridor traffic management for temporary flow disruptions.
Evaluation Of Construction Work Zone Operational Issues
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Evaluation Of Construction Work Zone Operational Issues written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Highway capacity categories.
Techniques For Effective Highway Construction Projects In Congested Urban Areas
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Author : Thomas R. Warne
language : en
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
Release Date : 2011
Techniques For Effective Highway Construction Projects In Congested Urban Areas written by Thomas R. Warne and has been published by Transportation Research Board this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Highway planning categories.
TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 413: Techniques for Effective Highway Construction Projects in Congested Urban Areas explores a diverse set of techniques designed to address highway construction challenges in congested urban areas such as high-traffic volumes, utility conflicts, complex right-of-way acquisition issues, a diverse stakeholder base, and watchful news media. The report includes four case studies designed to help illustrate effective construction practices in congested urban areas.
Full Road Closure For Work Zone Operations
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Author : United States. Federal Highway Administration
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Full Road Closure For Work Zone Operations written by United States. Federal Highway Administration and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Road closures categories.
Public Roads
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Public Roads written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Highway research categories.
Evaluation Of Traffic Controls For Street And Highway Work Zones
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Author : Roger G. Petzold
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
Evaluation Of Traffic Controls For Street And Highway Work Zones written by Roger G. Petzold and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with Roads categories.