Work Zone Impacts Assessment
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Work Zone Impacts Assessment
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Author : United States Department of Transportation
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2015-02-23
Work Zone Impacts Assessment written by United States Department of Transportation and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-23 with Transportation categories.
This Guide is designed to help transportation agencies develop and/or update their own procedures for assessing and managing the work zone impacts of their road projects throughout the different program delivery stages. Understanding work zone impacts is critical to developing effective work zone transportation management plans (TMPs) that provide for safety, mobility, and quality in maintaining, rehabilitating, and rebuilding the nation's highways. The primary intended audience for this Guide is transportation agency staff, including technical staff (planners, designers, construction/traffic engineers, highway/safety engineers, etc.); management and executive-level staff responsible for setting policy and program direction; field staff responsible for building projects and managing work zones; and staff responsible for assessing performance in these areas. This document also provides support to agencies in their efforts to implement the recently updated work zone regulations. In September 2004, the FHWA published updates to the work zone regulations at 23 CFR 630 Subpart J. The updated rule is referred to as the Work Zone Safety and Mobility Rule (Rule) and applies to all State and local governments that receive Federal-aid highway funding. Transportation agencies are required to comply with the provisions of the Rule by October 12, 2007. The changes made to the regulations broaden the former Rule to better address the work zone issues of today and the future. The Rule provides a decision-making framework that facilitates comprehensive consideration of the broader safety and mobility impacts of work zones across project development stages, and the adoption of additional strategies that help manage these impacts during project implementation. The Rule requires agencies to develop an agency-level work zone safety and mobility policy to support systematic consideration and management of work zone impacts across all stages of project development. Based on the policy, agencies will develop processes and procedures to support implementation of the policy. These include procedures that address work zone impacts assessment, work zone data, work zone training, and process reviews. The Rule also calls for the development of project-level procedures to help agencies assess and manage the work zone impacts of individual projects. While the Rule does not require a specific work zone impacts assessment process/procedure, it recommends that agencies develop and implement systematic procedures to assess work zone impacts in project development, and to manage safety and mobility during project implementation. This document is the last of four guidance documents developed on the Rule, and provides a general approach for conducting work zone impacts assessment and management, as well as many examples of the approaches currently being used by transportation agencies.
Work Zone Impacts Assessment
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Work Zone Impacts Assessment written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Road work zones categories.
Work Zone Traffic Analysis Impact Assessment
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Author : Bastian J. Schroeder
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Work Zone Traffic Analysis Impact Assessment written by Bastian J. Schroeder and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Express highways categories.
Focus
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Focus written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Highway research categories.
Traffic Impact Assessment Of Moving Work Zone Operations
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Author : Praveen Kumar Edara
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Traffic Impact Assessment Of Moving Work Zone Operations written by Praveen Kumar Edara and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Road work zones categories.
Road maintenance activities involve both short-term stationary work zones and moving work zones. Moving work zones typically involve striping, sweeping, pothole filling, shoulder repairs, and other quick maintenance activities. Existing traffic analysis tools for work zone scheduling are not designed to model moving work zones. A review of existing literature showed that many of the existing studies of moving bottlenecks are theoretical in nature, limited to certain lane configurations, and restrictive in the types of mobile work zone attributes considered. This research project sought to address this gap in existing knowledge by using field data from moving work zones to develop and calibrate a traffic impact analysis tool. This objective was accomplished through the fusion of multiple sources of work zone and traffic data. Four different data sources were used: Missouri Department of Transportation (MoDOT) electronic alerts (e-alerts), probe-based travel times, data from point detectors, and field videos of moving work zones recorded from the back of a truck-mounted attenuator (TMA). A linear regression model was developed to predict traffic speed inside a moving work zone. Predictor variables in the models included historical speed, number of lanes, type of lane closure, and time of day. The simulation tool VISSIM was calibrated for moving work zones using information extracted from videos of moving work zone operations. The three recommended calibration parameters are a safety reduction factor of 0.7, a minimum look ahead distance of 500 ft, and the use of a smooth closeup option. These calibration values can be used by departments of transportation (DOTs) to model moving work zone scenarios. The operational analysis concluded that a moving work activity lasting one hour or more operates best when traffic volumes are under 1,400 veh/hr/ln, and preferably under 1,000 veh/hr/ln. Further, scheduling shorter duration moving activities on high-volume roads at multiple times (on the same day or on different days) works better than scheduling a longer duration activity. The safety analysis generated tradeoff plots between the number of conflicts and combinations of activity duration and traffic volume. A DOT can use these plots to determine, for example, if it should conduct a moving work activity for a short duration when the volume is high or for a longer duration when the volume is lower.
Public Roads
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Public Roads written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Highway research categories.
Guidance On Data Needs Availability And Opportunities For Work Zone Performance Measures
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Author : U.s. Department of Transportation
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2015-02-25
Guidance On Data Needs Availability And Opportunities For Work Zone Performance Measures written by U.s. Department of Transportation and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-25 with Transportation categories.
Current Federal Regulations (23 CFR 630 Subpart J) encourage States to collect and analyze both safety and mobility data to support the initiation and enhancement of agency-level processes and procedures addressing work zone impacts. The purpose of this guidance document is to provide practitioners with the skills to identify current data sources (both existing data and data collected specifically for the work zone) for use in work zone performance measurement, as well as potential data sources that could be useful to work zone performance measurement in the near future. This document is also intended to assist practitioners in determining how to select and compute useful work zone performance measures, given the data sources available to them. For both current and potential data sources, guidance is presented on the viability of each source for work zone performance measurement, as well as on possibly leveraging opportunities to maximize the value of data collection and extraction efforts. In addition to information about data sources and opportunities, guidance is provided regarding work zone performance measures that the various data sources can support. Where appropriate, examples are provided as to how data assessment, collection, application, and interpretation can be accomplished. In this way, document users can obtain an overall perspective.
Implementing The Rule On Work Zone Safety And Mobility
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Author : Tracy Scriba
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Implementing The Rule On Work Zone Safety And Mobility written by Tracy Scriba and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Road work zones categories.
Work Zone Safety Assessment And Throughput Analysis For High Volume Highways Using Random Parameter Models
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Author : Seyedata Nahidi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Work Zone Safety Assessment And Throughput Analysis For High Volume Highways Using Random Parameter Models written by Seyedata Nahidi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Highways and freeways could be considered the most important transportation infrastructure in North America; these vital routes are necessary for the efficient haulage of huge amounts of goods and services. Several factors such as the high volume of heavy truck traffic as well as harsh winters in this region could result in a faster deterioration rate of the transportation infrastructures, specifically pavements. Transportation agencies, under the supervision of municipalities, are responsible to maintain, preserve, and reconstruct these segments. Applying the proper care results in a significant reduction in the number of observed conflicts and collisions on high-volume highways. Washington State Department of Transportation defines a work zone as, "...an area of a roadway with construction, maintenance, or utility work activities. A work zone is typically marked by signs, channelizing devices, barriers, pavement markings, and/or work vehicles." Based on previously conducted studies, work zones can significantly interrupt the regular traffic flow on highways. These interruptions can have adverse effects on the safety of the roads and increase the likelihood of undesirable conflicts and collisions. To avoid any unexpected work zone related safety concerns, Departments of Transportation in the US, as well as Ministries of Transportation in Canada, encourage agencies to propose detailed plans to minimize the queuing period and injury severity of work zone collisions; the most common strategy is to set up work zones at nighttime. Independent reports by the Ministry of Transportation Ontario (MTO) also identified that predicting the throughput, and the queuing length, as well as the queuing period, can significantly improve the planning stage, reduce the user delay costs, and increase work zone safety for workers and motorists. Statistical analyses and modelling are methods used to acquire information from historical data sets and gain a more realistic insight into future events with an acceptable confidence level. This research involves the statistical evaluation of work zones' safety and performance, along with comprehensive analyses of work zones' throughput in North America. To evaluate the different strategies, Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Negative Binomial Regression (NBR) models were developed to identify the critical historical factors which affect the traffic throughput of work zones. For safety assessment of work zones, innovative random parameter approaches were adapted in combination with ordered probability models to produce robust and realistic results. Furthermore, the practicality and applicability of random parameter models were discussed to clarify the advantages of using these models. Random Parameter Negative Binomial (RPNB) and Random Parameter Ordered Logit (RPOL) models developed in this study were found to be the most accurate models for throughput and safety analysis, respectively. Also, the implementation of k-fold cross validation proved that the model predictions correlated well with historical data. Finally, a new approach for Random Parameter prediction was proposed which considers the similarity level between a potential event and historical data. Based on these evaluations, the overall feasibility of each strategy was examined. The results denoted several practical recommendations to decrease traffic congestion and create safer work zones. The random parameter negative binomial model for throughput analysis showed that to avoid queuing in work zones where there are two or more obstructed lanes, multiple short (less than 3 km) work zones are more efficient than longer ones; this factor increases the frequency of passing vehicles by 177 per hour per lane. Besides, weekend nights are found to be the most appropriate time to set up work zones. It is observed that weekend nighttime work zone set-ups increase the number of passing vehicles by 493 vehicles per hour per lane compared to other scenarios. In general, nighttime closures, occurring on any day during the week, are found to have a higher discharge rate in comparison with daytime closures. On highways with more than 20% truck traffic, it is expected to have 102 fewer vehicles passing through work zones due to the induced congestion. Similarly, random parameter ordered probability models identified several factors which are shown to have a statistically significant impact on work zone collisions' injury severity level. As an example, aggressive driving behaviours, e.g. failing to keep in the proper lane, running other drivers off the road, and tailgating, increase the major injury and fatal collisions' likelihood by 78%. The installation of traffic control devices, specifically warning signs, reduce the probability of fatalities by 14%. Moreover, alcohol and drug consumption increase the probability of fatal and major injury collisions by 36% based on random parameter ordered Logit model, so by enforcing strict laws many lives can be saved. After analysis, common practices and the author's recommendations for each significant factor in the selected models are discussed. Primarily, the prohibition of truck traffic, designing efficient detours, and installation of extra and more innovative traffic control devices prior to the work zones are recommended. It was also concluded that the most efficient way to have a safe and comfortable environment in work zones on high-volume highways is to encourage government, engineers, and motorists to collaborate. Collaboration could take the form of the public awareness campaigns, setting and enforcing effective laws and regulations, and assuring the proper implementation of existing guidelines. Last but not least, the accurate prediction of work zone throughput frequency at queuing time provided an appropriate context for better work zone planning to reduce the possible user delay cost. The outcome of this research was the development of a novel planning and decision-making tool (`smart form') to help engineers and contractors to evaluate the work zone safety of high-volume highways in North America.
Environmental Impact Assessment
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Author : Anji Reddy Mareddy
language : en
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
Release Date : 2017-06-14
Environmental Impact Assessment written by Anji Reddy Mareddy and has been published by Butterworth-Heinemann this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-14 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Environmental Impact Assessment: Theory and Practice describes the various pieces of knowledge necessary to speak the language of EIA and carry out EIAs focusing on a variety of environmental issues, including impacts on environmental components, like air, water, soils, land, noise and biological environments. Organized into 15 chapters, the book provides engineers with the tools and methods to conduct an effective assessment, including report preparations, design measures and relevant mitigation steps that can be taken to reduce or avoid negative effects. Case Studies are presented, providing guidance professionals can use to better understand, plan and prepare environmental impact assessments. Presents detailed methodologies for air pollution control, waste treatment schemes, phytoremediation, bioremediation, hazardous waste, green belt development and rainwater harvesting Highlights concepts and important definitions of EIA and the planning and management of EIA study Discusses the impacts on valued environmental components, like air, water, soils, land, noise, and biological and socioeconomic environments in a systematic manner