Athens Transformed 404 262 Bc
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Athens Transformed 404 262 Bc
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Author : Phillip Harding
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-04-24
Athens Transformed 404 262 Bc written by Phillip Harding and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-24 with History categories.
During the heady, democratic days of the fifth and fourth centuries, the poorer members of Athenian society, the lower two classes of zeugitai and thetes, enjoyed an unprecedented dominance in both domestic and foreign politics. At home, the participatory nature of the constitution required their presence not only in the lawcourts and assembly, but also in most of the minor magistracies; abroad, they were the driving force of the navy, which ensured Athens’ control of the Aegean and the Black seas. Their participation at all levels was made possible by state pay (for jury duty, attendance in the assembly, public office and military service). In the fifth century state pay was financed largely through the tribute paid by members of the empire, supplemented by the liturgical contributions of the rich and, beginning during the war, a property tax (the eisphora). In the fourth century, almost the whole burden was shouldered by taxation upon the wealthy, especially those who owned property. In this book, author Phillip Harding traces the major changes that occurred in the administration of the state that eventually deprived the lower classes of their supremacy and transferred power into the hands of the wealthy land-owners. Things changed radically after Athens’ defeat in the Lamian (or Hellenic) War in 322BC. Over the next several decades, restriction of the franchise, elimination of pay for some public offices, the loss of the navy, the increased dependence upon local grain from the larger estates in Attika, the removal of the tax burden from the rich by the ending of such major liturgies as the trierarchia and the choregia and the abandoning of the eisphora all contributed to this transformation.
Athens Transformed 404 262 Bc
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Author : Phillip Harding
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Athens Transformed 404 262 Bc written by Phillip Harding and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Athens Transformed 404 262 Bc
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Author : Phillip Harding
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-04-24
Athens Transformed 404 262 Bc written by Phillip Harding and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-24 with History categories.
During the heady, democratic days of the fifth and fourth centuries, the poorer members of Athenian society, the lower two classes of zeugitai and thetes, enjoyed an unprecedented dominance in both domestic and foreign politics. At home, the participatory nature of the constitution required their presence not only in the lawcourts and assembly, but also in most of the minor magistracies; abroad, they were the driving force of the navy, which ensured Athens’ control of the Aegean and the Black seas. Their participation at all levels was made possible by state pay (for jury duty, attendance in the assembly, public office and military service). In the fifth century state pay was financed largely through the tribute paid by members of the empire, supplemented by the liturgical contributions of the rich and, beginning during the war, a property tax (the eisphora). In the fourth century, almost the whole burden was shouldered by taxation upon the wealthy, especially those who owned property. In this book, author Phillip Harding traces the major changes that occurred in the administration of the state that eventually deprived the lower classes of their supremacy and transferred power into the hands of the wealthy land-owners. Things changed radically after Athens’ defeat in the Lamian (or Hellenic) War in 322BC. Over the next several decades, restriction of the franchise, elimination of pay for some public offices, the loss of the navy, the increased dependence upon local grain from the larger estates in Attika, the removal of the tax burden from the rich by the ending of such major liturgies as the trierarchia and the choregia and the abandoning of the eisphora all contributed to this transformation.
Diodoros Of Sicily Bibliotheke Historike
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Author : Phillip Harding
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2021-09-16
Diodoros Of Sicily Bibliotheke Historike written by Phillip Harding and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-16 with History categories.
A fresh translation of Diodoros' account of a crucial period of Greek history, with extensive notes and a substantial Introduction.
Athens After Empire
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Author : Ian Worthington
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2020-10-09
Athens After Empire written by Ian Worthington and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-09 with History categories.
A major new history of Athens' remarkably long and influential life after the collapse of its empire To many the history of post-Classical Athens is one of decline. True, Athens hardly commanded the number of allies it had when hegemon of its fifth-century Delian League or even its fourth-century Naval Confederacy, and its navy was but a shadow of its former self. But Athens recovered from its perilous position in the closing quarter of the fourth century and became once again a player in Greek affairs, even during the Roman occupation. Athenian democracy survived and evolved, even through its dealings with Hellenistic Kings, its military clashes with Macedonia, and its alliance with Rome. Famous Romans, including Julius Caesar and Mark Antony, saw Athens as much more than an isolated center for philosophy. Athens After Empire offers a new narrative history of post-Classical Athens, extending the period down to the aftermath of Hadrian's reign.
Control Of The Laws In The Ancient Democracy At Athens
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Author : Edwin Carawan
language : en
Publisher: JHU Press
Release Date : 2020-12-15
Control Of The Laws In The Ancient Democracy At Athens written by Edwin Carawan and has been published by JHU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-15 with History categories.
The definitive book on judicial review in Athens from the 5th through the 4th centuries BCE. The power of the court to overturn a law or decree—called judicial review—is a critical feature of modern democracies. Contemporary American judges, for example, determine what is consistent with the Constitution, though this practice is often criticized for giving unelected officials the power to strike down laws enacted by the people's representatives. This principle was actually developed more than two thousand years ago in the ancient democracy at Athens. In Control of the Laws in the Ancient Democracy at Athens, Edwin Carawan reassesses the accumulated evidence to construct a new model of how Athenians made law in the time of Plato and Aristotle, while examining how the courts controlled that process. Athenian juries, Carawan explains, were manned by many hundreds of ordinary citizens rather than a judicial elite. Nonetheless, in the 1890s, American apologists found vindication for judicial review in the ancient precedent. They believed that Athenian judges decided the fate of laws and decrees legalistically, focusing on fundamental text, because the speeches that survive from antiquity often involve close scrutiny of statutes attributed to lawgivers such as Solon, much as a modern appellate judge might resort to the wording of the Framers. Carawan argues that inscriptions, speeches, and fragments of lost histories make clear that text-based constitutionalism was not so compelling as the ethos of the community. Carawan explores how the judicial review process changed over time. From the restoration of democracy down to its last decades, the Athenians made significant reforms in their method of legislation, first to expedite a cumbersome process, then to revive the more rigorous safeguards. Jury selection adapted accordingly: the procedure was recast to better represent the polis, and packing the court was thwarted by a complicated lottery. But even as the system evolved, the debate remained much the same: laws and decrees were measured by a standard crafted in the image of the people. Offering a comprehensive account of the ancient origins of an important political institution through philological methods, rhetorical analysis of ancient arguments, and comparisons between models of judicial review in ancient Greece and the modern United States, Control of the Laws in the Ancient Democracy at Athens is an innovative study of ancient Greek law and democracy.
The Demades Papyrus P Berol Inv 13045
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Author : Davide Amendola
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2022-10-03
The Demades Papyrus P Berol Inv 13045 written by Davide Amendola and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-03 with Literary Criticism categories.
Despite the significance of its contents, the so-called Demades papyrus (P.Berol. inv. 13045) has received scarce scholarly attention since the 1923 editio princeps by Karl Kunst. This unique late second-century BCE document of almost 430 lines was found in the Egyptian chora, but it is supposed to have been written in Alexandria, where it probably served as a textbook for the highest level of rhetorical education. Besides shedding new light on its find circumstances and physical aspects, the volume offers a full re-edition and commentary of the two adespota texts contained in it, namely a eulogy of the Lagid monarchy and a historical work consisting of a dialogue between Demades and his prosecutor in the trial of 319 BCE at the court of Pella. The aim of the accompanying introduction is to address the question of the origin, nature and purpose of such fragments and of the collection itself, as well as to show to what extent the papyrus contributes to a better understanding of some of the main historical events of the early Hellenistic period. This book is thus meant to fill a significant gap in Classical scholarship, all the more so as a close investigation of most of the topics dealt with therein has hitherto been lacking.
Creators Conquerors And Citizens
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Author : Robin Waterfield
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018
Creators Conquerors And Citizens written by Robin Waterfield and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with History categories.
"A brilliant, up-to-date account of all of ancient Greek history (the Archaic, Classical, and Hellenistic periods), suitable for history buffs and university students, enlivened by a strong thesis about the disunity of the Greeks, their underlying cultural unity, and their eventual political unification"--
The Orator Demades
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Author : Sviatoslav Dmitriev
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2021
The Orator Demades written by Sviatoslav Dmitriev and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with History categories.
"This is the first monograph in English about Demades, an influential Athenian politician from the fourth century B.C. An orator whose fame outlived him for hundreds of years, he was an acquaintance and collaborator of many political and military leaders of classical Greece, including the Macedonian king Philip II, his son and successor Alexander III (the Great), and the orator Demosthenes. However, an overwhelming portion of the available evidence on Demades dates to at least three centuries after his death and, often, much later. Contextualizing the sources within their historical and cultural framework, The Orator Demades delineates how later rhetorical practices and social norms transformed his image to better reflect the educational needs and political realities of the Roman imperial and Byzantine periods. Using the specific example of Demades as a rhetorical construct that eventually replaced its historical prototype for later generations, the book raises a general question about the problematic foundations of our knowledge of classical Greece. The evolving image of Demades illustrates the role played by rhetoric, as the basis of education and edification during the Roman and Byzantine Empires, in creating an alternate, inauthentic vision of the classical past that continues to dominate modern scholarship and popular culture"--
Athens
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Author : Niall Livingstone
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-07-07
Athens written by Niall Livingstone and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-07 with History categories.
The citizens of ancient Athens were directly responsible for the development and power of its democracy; but how did they learn about politics and what their roles were within it? In this volume Livingstone argues that learning about political praxis (how to be a citizen) was an integral part of the everyday life of ancient Athenians. In the streets, shops and other meeting-places of the city people from all levels of society, from slaves to the very wealthy, exchanged knowledge and competed for power and status. The City as University explores the spaces and occasions where Athenians practised the arts of citizenship for which they and their city became famous. In the agora and on the pnyx, Athenian democracy was about performance and oratory; but the written word opened the way to ever-increasing sophistication in both the practice and theory of politics. As the arts of spin proliferated, spontaneous live debate in which the speaker’s authority came from being one of the many remained a core democratic value. Livingstone explores how ideas of democratic leadership evolved from the poetry of the legendary law-giver Solon to the writings of the sophist Alcidamas of Elaia. The volume offers a new approach to the study of ancient education and will be an invaluable tool to students of ancient politics and culture, and to all those studying the history of democracy.