Atmospheres And Oceans On Computers
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Atmospheres And Oceans On Computers
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Author : Lars Petter Røed
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-09-04
Atmospheres And Oceans On Computers written by Lars Petter Røed and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-04 with Science categories.
This textbook introduces step by step the basic numerical methods to solve the equations governing the motion of the atmosphere and ocean, and describes how to develop a set of corresponding instructions for the computer as part of a code. Today's computers are powerful enough to allow 7-day forecasts within hours, and modern teaching of the subject requires a combination of theoretical and computational approaches. The presentation is aimed at beginning graduate students intending to become forecasters or researchers, that is, users of existing models or model developers. However, model developers must be well versed in the underlying physics as well as in numerical methods. Thus, while some of the topics discussed in the modeling of the atmosphere and ocean are more advanced, the book ensures that the gap between those scientists who analyze results from model simulations and observations and those who work with the inner works of the model does not widen further. In this spirit, the course presents methods whereby important balance equations in oceanography and meteorology, namely the advection-diffusion equation and the shallow water equations on a rotating Earth, can be solved by numerical means with little prior knowledge. The numerical focus is on the finite-difference (FD) methods, and although more powerful methods exist, the simplicity of FD makes it ideal as a pedagogical introduction to the subject. The book also includes suitable exercises and computer problems.
Atmosphere Ocean Modeling Coupling And Couplers
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Author : Carlos Roberto Mechoso
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2021-07-27
Atmosphere Ocean Modeling Coupling And Couplers written by Carlos Roberto Mechoso and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-27 with Science categories.
Coupled atmosphere-ocean models are at the core of numerical climate models. There is an extraordinarily broad class of coupled atmosphere-ocean models ranging from sets of equations that can be solved analytically to highly detailed representations of Nature requiring the most advanced computers for execution. The models are applied to subjects including the conceptual understanding of Earth's climate, predictions that support human activities in a variable climate, and projections aimed to prepare society for climate change. The present book fills a void in the current literature by presenting a basic and yet rigorous treatment of how the models of the atmosphere and the ocean are put together into a coupled system. The text of the book is divided into chapters organized according to complexity of the components that are coupled. Two full chapters are dedicated to current efforts on the development of generalist couplers and coupling methodologies all over the world.
Inverse Modeling Of The Ocean And Atmosphere
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Author : Andrew F. Bennett
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2005-10-20
Inverse Modeling Of The Ocean And Atmosphere written by Andrew F. Bennett and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-10-20 with Science categories.
Inverse Modeling of the Ocean and Atmosphere is a graduate-level book for students of oceanography and meteorology, and anyone interested in combining computer models and observations of the hydrosphere or solid earth. A step-by-step development of maximally efficient inversion algorithms, using ideal models, is complemented by computer codes and comprehensive details for realistic models. Variational tools and statistical concepts are concisely introduced, and applications to contemporary research models, together with elaborate observing systems, are examined in detail. The book offers a review of the various alternative approaches, and further advanced research topics are discussed. Derived from the author's lecture notes, this book constitutes an ideal course companion for graduate students, as well as being a valuable reference source for researchers and managers in theoretical earth science, civil engineering and applied mathematics.
High Resolution Numerical Modelling Of The Atmosphere And Ocean
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Author : Kevin Hamilton
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-12-25
High Resolution Numerical Modelling Of The Atmosphere And Ocean written by Kevin Hamilton and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-12-25 with Science categories.
Many key issues in dynamical meteorology and physical oceanography depend on interactions among diverse spatial scales. Atmospheric examples are the role of small-scale gravity waves in the zonal-mean momentum balance in the middle atmosphere, the role of tropical cyclones in the large scale energy and momentum balances of the troposphere, or even the direction of spectral cascades of variance in the mesoscale. In the ocean issues of this type include: understanding the detailed physics of the very narrow boundary currents that occur along many coastlines, and the role of mesoscale eddies in determining the strength of the large-scale circulations and meridional ocean heat transports. Truly comprehensive observational diagnostic studies of these issues are essentially impossible, since they would require the global observational overage at extremely high spatial resolution. An alternative is to study such issues in high resolution models that may span 3 or more orders of magnitude in terms of spatial scales. There has been a great deal of progress recently on development and application of such fine resolution models. This had been spurred in part by the recent availability of exceptionally powerful computers. Noteworthy in this respect is the Earth Simulator in Yokohama, Japan, which commenced operations in 2002 and provides a peak performance of 40 Terraflops, but competitive supercomputers for scientific applications are now becoming available in the USA and Europe as well. There has developed in the last few years an increased understanding of the scientific value of results from very high resolution comprehensive numerical simulations. This book documents the first international meeting focused specifically on high-resolution atmospheric and oceanic modeling held at the Earth Simulator Center. Rather than producing a standard conference proceedings it includes papers written by invited speakers at the meeting reporting on their most exciting recent results involving high resolution modeling.
Thermodynamics Of Atmospheres And Oceans
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Author : Judith A. Curry
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 1999-01-20
Thermodynamics Of Atmospheres And Oceans written by Judith A. Curry and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-01-20 with Medical categories.
Basic Concepts: Composition, Structure, and State. First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics. Transfer Processes. Thermodynamics of Water. Nucleation and Diffusional Growth. Moist Thermodynamics Processes in the Atmosphere. Static Stability of the Atmosphere and Ocean. Cloud Characteristics and Processes. Ocean Surface Exchanges of Heat and Freshwater. Sea, Ice, Snow, and Glaciers. Thermohaline Processes in the Ocean. Special Topics: Global Energy and Entropy Balances. Thermodynamics Feedbacks in the Climate System. Planetary Atmospheres and Surface Ice. Appendices. Subject Index.
Atmosphere Ocean And Climate Dynamics
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Author : John Marshall
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 1978-11-16
Atmosphere Ocean And Climate Dynamics written by John Marshall and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978-11-16 with Science categories.
For advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students in atmospheric, oceanic, and climate science, Atmosphere, Ocean and Climate Dynamics is an introductory textbook on the circulations of the atmosphere and ocean and their interaction, with an emphasis on global scales. It will give students a good grasp of what the atmosphere and oceans look like on the large-scale and why they look that way. The role of the oceans in climate and paleoclimate is also discussed. The combination of observations, theory and accompanying illustrative laboratory experiments sets this text apart by making it accessible to students with no prior training in meteorology or oceanography.* Written at a mathematical level that is appealing for undergraduates andbeginning graduate students* Provides a useful educational tool through a combination of observations andlaboratory demonstrations which can be viewed over the web* Contains instructions on how to reproduce the simple but informativelaboratory experiments* Includes copious problems (with sample answers) to help students learn thematerial.
An Introduction To Dynamic Meteorology
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Author : James R. Holton
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2004-03-31
An Introduction To Dynamic Meteorology written by James R. Holton and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-03-31 with Computers categories.
MATLAB scripts (M-files) are provided on the accompanying CD.
A Mathematical Theory Of Large Scale Atmosphere Ocean Flow
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Author : Michael John Priestley Cullen
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2006-01-18
A Mathematical Theory Of Large Scale Atmosphere Ocean Flow written by Michael John Priestley Cullen and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-18 with Science categories.
This book counteracts the current fashion for theories of “chaos” and unpredictability by describing a theory that underpins the surprising accuracy of current deterministic weather forecasts, and it suggests that further improvements are possible. The book does this by making a unique link between an exciting new branch of mathematics called “optimal transportation” and existing classical theories of the large-scale atmosphere and ocean circulation. It is then possible to solve a set of simple equations proposed many years ago by Hoskins which are asymptotically valid on large scales, and use them to derive quantitative predictions about many large-scale atmospheric and oceanic phenomena. A particular feature is that the simple equations used have highly predictable solutions, thus suggesting that the limits of deterministic predictability of the weather may not yet have been reached. It is also possible to make rigorous statements about the large-scale behaviour of the atmosphere and ocean by proving results using these simple equations and applying them to the real system allowing for the errors in the approximation. There are a number of other titles in this field, but they do not treat this large-scale regime.
Physical Oceanography And Climate
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Author : Kris Karnauskas
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2020-04-02
Physical Oceanography And Climate written by Kris Karnauskas and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-02 with Science categories.
An engaging and accessible textbook focusing on climate dynamics from the perspective of the ocean, specifically interactions between the atmosphere and ocean. It describes the fundamental physics and dynamics governing the behaviour of the ocean, and provides numerous end-of-chapter questions and access to online data sets.
Hydrodynamics Of Oceans And Atmospheres
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Author : Carl Eckart
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Hydrodynamics Of Oceans And Atmospheres written by Carl Eckart and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Hydrodynamics of Oceans and Atmospheres is a systematic account of the hydrodynamics of oceans and atmospheres. Topics covered range from the thermodynamic functions of an ideal gas and the thermodynamic coefficients for water to steady motions, the isothermal atmosphere, the thermocline, and the thermosphere. Perturbation equations, field equations, residual equations, and a general theory of rays are also presented. This book is comprised of 17 chapters and begins with an introduction to the basic equations and their solutions, with the aim of illustrating the laws of dynamics. The nonlinear equations of thermodynamics and hydrodynamics are analyzed using the methods of perturbation theory, with emphasis on the zero-order solution; zero-order states of an ideal gas; the first-order equations; the additive barotropic terms; and boundary conditions. The following chapters focus on the steady component of atmospheric pressure; free steady motion with or without rotation; field equations and general theorems relating to such equations; and the stratification of the Earth's atmosphere, oceans, and lakes. The next two chapters present calculations concerning the isothermal atmosphere, with particular reference to plane level surfaces with or without rotation. The final chapter looks at spherical level surfaces with rotation. This monograph will be of interest to physicists, oceanographers, atmospheric scientists, and meteorologists.