Attenuation Of Visible Light By Falling Snow
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Attenuation Of Visible Light By Falling Snow
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Author : Harold W. O'Brien
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1969
Attenuation Of Visible Light By Falling Snow written by Harold W. O'Brien and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1969 with Light categories.
The attenuation of visible light by falling snow was studied by making simultaneous attenuation measurements and snow concentration measurements. The attenuation coefficient was calculated from photometric measurements and from visual observations. Snow concentration in the air was evaluated by two methods: from Formvar replicas collected during the snowfall, and by mass accumulation of snow in collecting pans. The snowflakes were arbitrarily classified by crystal types according to their estimated fall velocity. It was found that the correlation between extinction coefficient (attenuation) and snow concentration was generally much higher by types than when all snowflakes were considered together regardless of crystal components and degree of riming. Two types, apparently improperly classified, displayed lower correlations than the overall group. When no fog is present during the snowfall, the experimental results coincide well with attenuation theory if a reasonable correction is applied to the values obtained in the measurement of snowflake diameters. Measurements of mass flux indicate that for a given intensity the attenuation caused by snow is an order of magnitude greater than that caused by the same mass flux of rain. (Author).
Attenuation Of Visible Light By Falling Snow
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Author : Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1971
Attenuation Of Visible Light By Falling Snow written by Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1971 with categories.
Light Attenuation In Falling Snow
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Author : James B. Mason
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
Light Attenuation In Falling Snow written by James B. Mason and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with Radiation categories.
Light Scattering And Particle Aggregation In Snowstorms
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Author : Malcolm Mellor
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1966
Light Scattering And Particle Aggregation In Snowstorms written by Malcolm Mellor and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1966 with Light categories.
Attenuation of visible radiation by falling snow was studied by a method based on brightness contrast between topographic features and the adjacent sky. Extinction coefficient and visual range are related to snow density, and are compared with data for Antarctic blizzards. Since attenuation depends more on the size and concentration of discrete particles than on the mass density of suspended snow, the process of particle aggregation and snowflake formation during fall is considered by collision theory, and an expression describing aggregation effects is developed. This offers an explanation for the relative constancy of particle concentration observed at ground level during snowfalls of varying intensity. Since there is no strong justification for relating extinction coefficient to snow density, an empirical correlation between extinction coefficient and precipitation rate is given for practical use. It is shown that visual range estimated by eye in hilly terrain may be less than the true value, since sky brightness is locally reduced over broad hilltops with low albedo. (Author).
Attenuation Of A Parallel Beam Of Light Particularly By Snow
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Author : Olav Lillesaeter
language : en
Publisher: Macdonald Physics Laboratory ; Stormy Weather Group
Release Date : 1965
Attenuation Of A Parallel Beam Of Light Particularly By Snow written by Olav Lillesaeter and has been published by Macdonald Physics Laboratory ; Stormy Weather Group this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1965 with Meteorological instruments categories.
A pulsed light has been used in a conventional optical system with a nearly-parallel beam of light: divergence less than 0.1 degrees. Attenuation measurements over a 123 m path were made in Montreal in the early months of 1964. Attenuation by falling snow appeared to be proportional to the rate of snowfall, and is obviously proportional to distance. The value found was approximately 18(db 1/ km)/(mmw 1/hr), using mmw to denote the millimetres of water to which the snow would melt. This value dropped from 18 to 10 for wet snow and snow pellets. Attenuation by rain was only 0.25(db 1/km)/(mm 1/hr). Observed visual range in snow varied inversely as the rate of snowfall, and was 1 km when the rate was 1 mmw 1/hr. Fluctuations noted in the received signal could be related to thermal eddies near the transmitter, and these are considered, along with laser possibilities, in an appendix. (Author).
Sipre Report
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date :
Sipre Report written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Frozen ground categories.
Research Report
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date :
Research Report written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Cold regions categories.
Scientific And Technical Aerospace Reports
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1982
Scientific And Technical Aerospace Reports written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1982 with Aeronautics categories.
Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Research Report Corps Of Engineers U S Army Cold Regions Research And Engineering Laboratory
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1965
Research Report Corps Of Engineers U S Army Cold Regions Research And Engineering Laboratory written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1965 with Frozen ground categories.
Usa Crrel Technical Publications
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Author : Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1972
Usa Crrel Technical Publications written by Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1972 with Frozen ground categories.